• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2014

Purpose: It aims to verify the applicability of existing age estimation methods derived from data of foreign population groups to Korean population groups. Moreover it is to suggest a new way applicable to practical age estimation on the basis of newly calculated regression formulae from data of Korean population groups and develop a subsidiarily applicable method to the existing method. Methods: Ratio of pulp cavity to dental crown was calculated by measuring the height and width of dental crowns and pulp cavities at the cervical line from 4,034 first and second upper molars, first and second upper premolars, first and second lower molars and first and second lower premolars on both left and right sides of 400 patients who had been treated in Dental Hospital of Yonsei University College of Dentistry, and regression equations were derived from the values of the ratio. Results: The equation with correlation coefficients the highest among females was as follows: age=$107.96-75.684{\times}{\sharp}17$ TCHI-$53.741{\times}{\sharp}26$ TCVI-$40.664{\times}{\sharp}45$ TCVI-$56.307{\times}{\sharp}46$ TCVI. Randomized anohter Korean female subjects (n=20) are applicated to the new equation. Mean of error of estimate is 10.322 years, standard deviation is 12.852 years. Minimum of error of estimate is 1.018 years, maximum is 21.365 years Conclusions: The error range of age estimation was found to be slightly wider when the existing regression formulae of Drusini were applied to Korean population groups. Also age estimation in females using the ratio of pulp cavity to dental crown measured with the length and width of dental crowns and pulp cavities from maxillomandibular molars was observed to have the highest reliability in the research. However, we consider that advanced equations of regression are needed to apply to both molars and premolars of males and females in the future.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.528-538
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of newly developed autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT)application for sinus bone graft procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The patients with less than 5.0 mm of residual bone height in maxillary posterior area were enrolled. For the sinus bone graft procedure, Bio-Oss was grafted in control group and AutoBT powder was grafted in experimental group. Clinical and radiographic examination were done for the comparison of grafted materials in sinus cavity between groups. At 4 months after sinus bone graft procedure, biopsy specimens were analyzed by microcomputed tomography and histomorphometric examination for the evaluation of healing state of bone graft site. RESULTS. In CT evaluation, there was no difference in bone density, bone height and sinus membrane thickness between groups. In microCT analysis, there was no difference in total bone volume, new bone volume, bone mineral density of new bone between groups. There was significant difference trabecular thickness ($0.07{\mu}m$ in Bio-Oss group Vs. $0.08{\mu}m$ in AutoBT group) (P=.006). In histomorphometric analysis, there was no difference in new bone formation, residual graft material, bone marrow space between groups. There was significant difference osteoid thickness ($8.35{\mu}m$ in Bio-Oss group Vs. $13.12{\mu}m$ in AutoBT group) (P=.025). CONCLUSION. AutoBT could be considered a viable alternative to the autogenous bone or other bone graft materials in sinus bone graft procedure.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.457-464
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• 2005

The purpose of our study was to investigate whether the intrapulpal temperature during cavity preparation of enamel or dentin with Er:YAG laser still remained in range of safety for dental pulp protection when combined with appropriate water flow rate. The effect of different pulse repetition rates at the same pulse energy during ablation was evaluated as well. Caries-free, restoration-free extracted human molar teeth were prepared for the specimen and divided two experimental groups of enamel and dentin. Each group comprised 5 specimens and each of tooth specimens were embedded into a resin block each and measuring probe was placed on the irradiated pulpal walls. For experiments of dentin ablation, enamel layers were prepared to produce dentin specimen with a same dentin thickness of 2 mm. A pulse energy of Er:YAG laser was set to 300 mJ and three different pulse repetition rates of 20 Hz, 15 Hz and 10 Hz were employed. Laser beam was delivered with 3 seconds and less per application over enamel and dentin surfaces constant sized by $3\;mm{\times}2\;mm$ and water spray added during irradiation was a rate of 1.6 ml/min. Temperature change induced by Er:YAG laser irradiation was monitored and recorded While enamel was ablated, there was no significant difference of temperature related to pulse repetition rates(p=0.358) and temperature change at any pulse repetition rate was negligible. Significant statistical difference in temperature changes during cavity preparation in dentin existed among three different pulse groups(p=0.001). While temperature rise was noticeable when the dentinal wall was perforated, actual change of temperature due to Er:YAG laser irradiation was not enough to compromise safety of dental pulp when irradiation was conjugated with appropriate water spray. Conclusively, it can be said that cavity preparation on enamel or dentin with an Er:YAG laser is performed safely without pulp damage if appropriate volume of water is sprayed properly over the irradiated site.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2022

Background: The vasoconstrictive effect of epinephrine in local anesthetics affects the heart, which leads to hesitation among dentists in injecting local anesthetics into patients with cardiovascular disease. Due to its vasoconstrictive effects, the present study investigated the effects of vasopressin administration on cardiac function in rats. Methods: Experiment 1 aimed to determine the vasopressin concentration that could affect cardiac function. An arterial catheter was inserted into the male Wistar rats. Next, 0.03, 0.3, and 3.0 U/mL arginine vasopressin (AVP) (0.03V, 0.3V, and 3.0V) was injected into the tongue, and the blood pressure was measured. The control group received normal saline only. In Experiment 2, following anesthesia infiltration, a pressure-volume catheter was placed in the left ventricle. Baseline values of end-systolic elastance, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic pressure, stroke work, stroke volume, and end-systolic elastance were recorded. Next, normal saline and 3.0V AVP were injected into the tongue to measure their effect on hemodynamic and cardiac function. Results: After 3.0V administration, systolic blood pressures at 10 and 15 min were higher than those of the control group; they increased at 10 min compared with those at baseline. The diastolic blood pressures at 5-15 min were higher than those of the control group; they increased at 5 and 10 min compared with those at baseline. The preload decreased at 5 and 10 min compared to that at baseline. However, the afterload increased from 5 to 15 min compared with that of the control group; it increased at 10 min compared with that at baseline. Stroke volume decreased at 10 and 15 min compared with that of the control group; it decreased from 5 to 15 min compared with that at baseline. Stroke work decreased from 5 to 15 min compared with that of the control group; it decreased from 5 to 15 min compared with that at baseline. Conclusion: Our results showed that 3.0 U/mL concentration of vasopressin resulted in increased blood pressure, decreased stroke volume and stoke work, decreased preload and increased afterload, without any effect on myocardial contractility.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.164-171
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• 2000

Purpose : This study was aimed at measuring the changes in the hyoid bone position, tongue position, and pharyngeal airway space in subjects with mandibular setback osteotomies. Methods : Twenty patients were evaluated retrospectively for their changes in pharyngeal airway space, tongue and hyoid bone positions. All patients underwent surgical mandibular setback using bilateral sagittal split osteotomies. The cephalometric analysis was performed preoperatively, and 1 week, 3-6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Result : The hyoid bone moved inferiorly and posteriorly immediately after surgery, and it returned to the preoperative position during follow-up period. The nasopharyngeal airway space was not significantly changed after surgery. A considerable decrease in the oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal airway spaces following mandibular setback surgery was found. The upper and lower tongue was posteriorly repositioned immediately after surgery. During follow-up period, the hypopharyngeal airway space and lower tongue posture returned to the preoperative positions, but the oropharyngeal airway space and upper tongue posture were not significantly changed. The position of pogonion remarkably changed to backward immediately after surgery, but slightly anterior advancement was found during follow-up period. Conclusion : Immediately after mandibular setback surgery, the oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal airway spaces obviously decreased due to posterior and inferior repositions of the tongue and hyoid bone. During follow-up period, lower tongue and hyoid bone returned to the preoperative positions, it was related to advancement of the pogonion in this period. The narrowing of the oropharyngeal airway space and posterior movement of the upper tongue posture were relatively permanent after mandibular setback surgery. We suspected this phenomenon had an influence on maintaining the total volume of oral cavity against mandibular setback.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1519-1524
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• 2010

Apigenin (4', 5, 7-trihydroxyflavone), a common dietary flavonoid abundantly present in fruits and vegetables, has shown remarkable anti-proliferative effects against various malignant cell lines. To observe the anti-proliferative effects, oral cavity cancer cell lines, $6{\times}10^3$ cells/well (96 well plate) of KB oral cavity tumor cells were plated and 24 hr later treated with apigenin for one day, after which MTT assay was performed. Apigenin induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner after incubation. Cell viability was significantly decreased in the group treated with 100 ${\mu}M$ apigenin for 24 hr (p<0.05) compared to the control group. To assess apoptosis, the nuclei of KB cells were stained with DAPI. The presence of chromatin condensation in the apigenin treated cells was detected on a fluorescent microscope (${\times}200$). We investigated the in vivo growth inhibitory effects of apigenin on oral cavity cancer KB tumor xenograft subcutaneously implanted in male nude mice. Apigenin was administered to mice by gavage at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg/day in 0.2ml of PBS. Tumor volume was significantly decreased in 25 and 50 mg/kg apigenin-administration groups compared to the control group. For apoptosis analysis, TUNEL staining was performed. A significant increase in TUNEL positive cells was found in the 25 mg/kg apigenin administration group compared to the non- apigenin administration group. Histopathological changes were not observed. These results indicate that apigenin inhibits oral cavity cancer cell growth through the induction of apoptosis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.9.1-9.6
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• 2021

Factors such as location, volume, and the type of neoplasm complicate achieving tumor control. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a supplementary treatment for inoperable neoplasms in veterinary patients. Three dogs were diagnosed with a tumor. Two were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and the other was liposarcoma, each with a single tumor with the size range of 1 to 5 cm. The tumor locations were the cervical, oral, and abdominal cavity. ECT was selected as a treatment. Bleomycin was injected intratumorally at the dose of 0.5 to 1.0 mg/㎤. Five minutes after the injection, electric pulses applied in a sequence of eight pulses lasting 100 μsec each, were delivered in 1,000 V/cm. An evaluation was performed after 1 week, and the next session was administered 2 weeks later. In a patient with oral SCC, the tumor was in partial remission after two sessions of ECT. Another patient with SCC on her neck was showed complete remission after 2 weeks of ECT administration. A third patient showed stable disease for 8 weeks. Complications were mild and transient and included skin necrosis, edema, local pain, and gait disturbance. ECT is a valid adjuvant, especially for inoperable, cutaneous, or accessible intra-abdominal tumors.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate QLF (quantitative light-induced fluorescence) technology for the caries detection in primary teeth and validate the relationships between the cavity volume of carious lesions and QLF analysis results. Total 125 tooth surfaces include 53 occlusal surfaces, and 72 proximal surfaces were investigated with the portable QLF device for detection of dental caries in primary molars. Micro-CT radiograph was also performed to classify carious lesions and calculate the cavity volume. QLF showed good accuracy and reliability (sensitivity 0.75 - 0.94, specificity 0.82 - 0.95, and AUROC 0.88 - 0.98) for the caries detection in primary teeth except 𝚫R average results of proximal caries which showed relatively low values. Statistically significant relationships were found between 𝚫F average, QS-Index and the cavity volume according to Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients (r = 0.805 - 0.832, p < 0.001). QLF detection method would be a harmless and reliable way for children to diagnose dental caries without the concern about radiation exposure.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2006

The articulation disorders associated with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) in cleft palate patients are interested to clinicians particularly. The purpose of this study was to investigate mainly the oropharyngeal air pressure and overall air flow in cleft palate patients. The pressure-measuring catheter was positioned at the midportion of the oropharyngeal cavity with a facial mask. Test words were composed of 9 meaningless polysyllabic words and 17 meaningful words. Aerophone II and Nasometer II were used to measure peak air pressure, mean air pressure, maximum flow rate, volume, phonatory flow rate, nasalance. The data shows that airflow of the cleft palate patient group were higher than those of the control group. Intraoral air pressure of the cleft palate patient group was lower than those of the control group. The first vowel formant and first Bandwidths of the cleft palate patient group were higher than those of the control group.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.257-262
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• 2006

The aims of the study were to evaluate the effect of epinephrine-containing local anesthetics on pulpal blood flow (PBF) and to investigate its effect on cavity preparation-induced PBF change. PBF was recorded using a laser Doppler flowmeter (Perimed Co., Sweden) from canines of nine cats under general anesthesia before and after injection of local anesthetics and after cavity preparation. 2% lidocaine hydrochloride with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine was administered by local infiltration given apical to the mandibular canine at the vestibular area and the same volume of isotonic saline was injected on the contralateral tooth as a control. A round carbide bur was operated at slow speed with isotonic saline flushing to grind spherical cavities with increasing depth through the enamel and into the dentin on both teeth. The obtained data was analyzed with paired t-test. Cavity preparation caused significant increase of PBF (n = 9, p < 0.05). Local infiltration of lidocaine with epinephrine resulted in decreases of PBF (n = 9, p < 0.05), whereas there was no significant change of PBF with the physiologic saline as a control. Cavity preparation on tooth anesthetized with lidocaine with epinephrine caused significantly less increase of PBF than in control tooth (p < 0.05). Therefore, the result of the present study demonstrates that local infiltration of 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine effectively reduces PBF increase caused by cavity preparation.