• Title/Summary/Keyword: optimum level

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A Structural Design of Multilevel Decomposition and Mapping (다층 중첩 및 매핑에 의한 구조적 설계)

  • Lee, Jeong Ick
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.100-106
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    • 2013
  • This paper describes an integrated optimization design using multilevel decomposition technique on the base of the parametric distribution and independent axiom at the stages of lower level. Based on Pareto optimum solution, the detailed parameters at the lower level can be defined into the independent axiom. The suspension design is used as the simulation example.

Microwave Cooking of Rice - The Optimum Condition of Power Level and Heating Time - (Microwave Oven을 이용한 취반에 관한 연구 -출력 및 가열시간의 최적화-)

  • Kim, Young-A;Kim, Hyun-sook
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.44-49
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    • 1998
  • The microwave cooking of rice was studied for the purpose of establishing optimum conditions of power level and heating time. Optimum volume of adding water was 290 ml per 173 g rice. The longer the rice was soaked, the better the cooked rice. However, we chose one hour as soaking time so that we might observe well the effects of power levels. The mode of microwave cooking consisted of 5 steps of power level; step 1: temperature ascendance, step 2: water absorption 1, step 3: water absorption 2, step 4: heat penetration, step 5: gelatinization completion. The quality of cooked rice was evaluated subjectively. As a result of the study, 3 optimum conditions were chosen as follows. 1) (7) 5:00-(1) 5:00-(2) 5:00-(2) 6:00-(7) 4:00, 2) (8) 4:25-(1) 5:00-(2) 5:00-(2) 5:00-(6) 4:00,3) (9) 3:40-(1) 5:00-(2) 5:00-(3) 6:00-(7) 2:00

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A Research of Optimum Supply Reserve Levels for Stability of Power System (전력계통 안전을 위한 공급예비력 적정수준에 대한 연구)

  • Ahn, Dae-Hoon;Kwon, Seok-Kee;Joo, Haeng-Ro;Choi, Eun-Jae
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.22 no.9
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    • pp.55-61
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    • 2008
  • Because of the high increasing rate of load demand these days the necessity of deciding what optimum reserve level is appropriate to most stably supply electricity is being emphasized. This research studies the downward tendency of reserve ratio by analyzing the trend of change of the network scale, reserve, and reserve ratio while optimum reserve has been increased as the network system scale grow up. This means, at this moment 6,000[MW] is optimum level for short term prospect of power supply and demand. And also, it has been analyzed that, as the annual peak load exceeded 50,000[MW], confirming the amount of optimum reserve level is more stable than keeping 10 to 12[%] reserve ratio.

Multi-level Optimization using Reduced Basis Technique for Prestressed Concrete Box Girders (기저함수 감소기법을 이용한 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 박스거더의 다단계 최적설계)

  • 조효남;민대홍;김환기;정봉교
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2001.05a
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    • pp.827-832
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    • 2001
  • A multi-level optimum design algorithm for prestressed concrete (PSC) box girders is proposed in this paper. To save the numerical efforts, a multi-level optimization technique using model coordination method that separately utilizes both tendon profile design and section design is incorporated. And also, a reduced basis technique for the efficient tendon profile optimization is proposed in this paper. From the numerical investigations, it may be positively stated that the optimum design of PSC box girder based on the new approach proposed in this study will lead to more rational and economical design compared with the currently available designs.

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Cutting Characteristics Depending on Coolant Level in Turning Process (절삭유 레벨에 따른 선삭가공 절삭특성)

  • 양승한;이영문
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.80-86
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    • 2004
  • With the increasing demand of environmentally clean machining in recent years, the use of coolants has been restricted extensively. In this paper, a multiple comparison method(Tukey's HSD method) is proposed to choose the optimum level of coolant necessary for an efficient and environmentally clean machining. The cutting temperature, specific cutting energy, and surface roughness in turning process are analysed by ANOVA(Analysis Of Variance) and Tukey's HSD method. From the experimental results and statistical analysis, it is found that the optimum condition of coolant level is 10 ml/min with 6% mix ratio, which is almost half of the commonly used level.

Design of Premium Efficiency Level of single-Phase Induction Motor using Parameter Analysis (파라미터 해석을 통한 프리미엄급 단상 유도기 효율 설계)

  • Jang, Kwang-Yong;Kim, Kwang-Soo;Lee, Joong-Woo;Jang, Ik-Sang;Kim, Sol;Lee, Ju
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2009.07a
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    • pp.672_673
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    • 2009
  • In this paper seeks the parameter which relates with the efficiency from premium efficiency level single-phase induction motor. Also it compares with the parameters and it analyzes and an optimum parameter it seeks by FEM. Consquently, a optimal design is accomplished from the this paper. Also parameters compare efficiency. And it analyzes and studies about optimum parameter by FEM. The sample single-phase induction motor selection selected existing premium level motor. We analyze each parameter using 2-D finite element analysis (FEM). According to Study of losses and Design flow, losses and efficiency can be explain by many parameter. So this paper present optimal parameters. Finally, this paper presents the method which raises the efficiency of premium efficiency level single-phase induction motor.

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A Study on Optimum Level of Exhibition Space for Cultural city focused on the Medium sized-Cities (도시 문화자원 확보수준의 적정성에 관한 연구 -중소도시 전시공간을 중심으로-)

  • Bahn, Sang-Chul
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.13 no.10
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    • pp.4853-4862
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    • 2012
  • In Modern Cities, The 'Cultural spaces or facilities' are the core of the urban activity. And it is the field of urban life which can improve the quality of life and change the human's life style. Also in Contemporary society, Cultural spaces are required to express the social and psychological activity of the city life and the diversity and function of human beings. But most of them are located in the Metropolitan area. In these days, the needs of cultural spaces and facilities in 'Medium sized-cities' are growing. And many development plans are working in practice in that cities to accede to these requirements of social, human and current of the times. They include the exhibition spaces which perform function of the field of art and culture, that have powerful and infinite potentiality of the social development. At this Point, this study suggest that 'Optimum level' of exhibition spaces as Museum and Art-gallery in Medium sized-cities. To achieve this study, two phases are proceeded as follows. First, Check the social needs of it based on theoretical inquiry of Exhibition space. Second, Focused on Medium sized-cities, through a comparison between 12 Domestic cities and 4 Japan's cities. A population of their cities is from 500,000 to 1,000,000. We can get a data for Optimum level of Exhibition space. And last, Suggest the strategies of the location and planning of Exhibition space based on Second phase.

Effects of pH Level and Electrical Conductivity on Growth, Nutrient Absorption, Transpiration and $CO_2$ assimilation of Leaf Lettuce in Hydroponics (잎상추 수경재배에서 근권 pH와 EC가 무기이온흡수, 광합성, 증산량 및 생육에 미치는 영향)

  • 박미희;심미영;이용범
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.115-124
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    • 1999
  • This study was conducted to determine the optimum root zone environment condition and proper nutrient management system for lettuce in hydroponics. For the root zone environment condition, several level of pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were treated respectively. Though all the level of pH 4 to pH 8, except pH 3, performed better growth without any visible physiological disorder, the optimum pH of the nutrient solution for lettuce production was pH 5.5 to 6.0. The optimum ionic strength of the solution was EC 1.2 to 1.6 mS $cm^{-1}$ / because higher nutrient level caused tip burn symptom by calcium deficiency. Considering the above results, it is concluded that lettuce can be efficiently mass-produced through the optimum root zone environment.

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Optimum Level of Farm Machinery Ownership for Cooperative Farm Machinery Utilization System (농업기계(農業機械) 공동이용(共同利用)시스템의 적정기계화(適正機械化) 수준(水準))

  • Yoo, S.N.;Suh, S.R.;Choi, Y.S.;Park, J.G.;Park, S.J.
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.27-35
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    • 1985
  • This study was carried out to determine the optimum size and number of farm machines for various sizes of land coverage of the cooperative farm machinery utilization systems in Korea-namely Saemaul Mechanized Farming Group (SMFG). Fifty-one SMFG were selected from 8 counties in Chonnam province, and ownership, operation and management of farm machinery were surveyed. Annual covered area, cost and the break-even-point area of farm machinery were analyzed on the bases of the surveyed data and the present governmental subsidy policy, and then the optimum level of farm machinery ownership was determined. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The break-even-point areas of the tractors of 22-23ps, 28ps and 47-50ps were estimated as 12.1ha, 15.3ha and 21.6ha, respectively. The optimum size of a tractor for land sizes of 10-20ha, 20-30ha, and 30-40ha were estimated as 22-23ps, 28ps, and 47-50ps, respectively. 2. The break-even-point area of a rice transplanter was estimated as 3.3ha. The optimum numbers of rice transplanter for land sizes of 10-20ha, 20-30ha, and 30-40ha were estimated as 2,3, and 4, respectively. 3. The break-even-point areas of a speed sprayer (attached on power tiller) and a power sprayer were estimated as 114.6ha and 15.3ha, respectively. The optimum numbers of power sprayer for land sizes of 10-20ha, 20-30ha, and 30-40ha were estimated as 2,3 and 4, respectively. A speed sprayer is desirable for an area of more than 30ha coverage. 4. The break-even-point area of a combine was estimated as 10.7ha. The optimum numbers of combine for land sizes of 10-20ha, 20-30ha, and 30-40ha were estimated as 1,2, and 3, respectively.

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Optimizing Boiling Condition for the Preparation of Fish Extracts

  • Park Seong Min;Lee Keun Tai;Yoon Ho Dong;Ryu Hong Soo
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.8-11
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    • 1999
  • The optimum boiling condition was determined for fish extracts by response surface model. Model equations were designed with effect of time (T) and the amount of added water (W) on the level of released free amino acid. Based on the high (>0.9) coefficient of determination and low (<0.01) level of significant, those model was approved to be significant. The added water amount of higher regression coefficient $ (\beta_2)$, showed a greater influence on releasing free amino acids than boiling time. The optimum boiling times are 6 hours for crucian carp, 5 hours for bastard halibut, 7 hours for loach and 5 hours for jacopever. The ratio of added water to sample 1 (v/w) could be applied to all fish samples at $100\pm2^{\circ}C$.

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