• 한국항해학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.211-223
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• 2001

Optimum Ship Routing can be defined as \"The selection of an optimum track for a transoceanic crossing by the application of long-range predictions of wind, waves and currents to the knowledge of how the routed vessel reacts to these variables\". This paper treats the methodology how to solve optimum ship routing problem by network modeling and reveals the validity of the network model by some numerical experiments.periments.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2003년도 추계 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.395-402
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• 2003

Characteristics of base isolators including frictional and hysteretic types may be described by Bouc-Wen model. A probabilistic optimum design method of the base isolation system using Bouc-Wen model is presented in this paper. For optimum design, the objective function and constraints are derived based on the stochastic responses of the system. As a numerical example, the optimum design problem of a three-story base isolated shear type structure is formulated and solved by the sequential quadratic programming method.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1191-1204
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• 2014

Even though a Han-bok, or traditional Korean costume, should be inherited since it is invaluable part of our culture, research on Han-bok is scarce. Since the development of a Jeogori pattern, the upper garment of Korean traditional clothes, is done mostly based on the chest size, the design does not completely consider on wearer's body shape. Moreover, unless made by an expert, trial and error is almost always necessary to improve the fit of the clothes. In this research, a Jeogori pattern was suggested that improves the fit based on the shape of the upper back(straight or bent) of a female in her late 20s who often wears a Han-bok and is comfortable when moving. Using a 3D virtual clothing system, the optimum pattern was selected based on the body shape. The final selection was made, and each subjects tried the garment on to evaluate the comfort when moving, along with its appearance, based on a seven point Likert scale. As a result, for a straight body shape, the optimum ease for the front bust width was 2.5cm, and that for the back bust width was 2.0cm. The optimum center back dart was 1.0cm. The optimum Geodae width was 7.6cm, and the optimum back Geodae point was 2.0cm. For the bent body shape, the optimum ease for the front and back bust was 2.0cm. The optimum Geodae width was 8.4cm, and the optimum back Geodae point was 1.5cm. Furthermore, if the Hwajang slope was set at half of the vertical distance between the laterals of the neck and shoulder, a fitted silhouette appeared, which is preferred nowadays. In the appearance evaluation, the final pattern designed in this research received higher scores than the original design(straight; p<.001, bent; p<.05). The results of the evaluation of the comfort when moving also showed higher scores for the final pattern that was designed.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.365-371
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• 2012

This study was carried out to know the characteristics of flowering and bearing fruit, the optimum period, regions and methods for seed harvesting, the optimum temperatures for seed storage and germination, and the optimum period for sowing at nursery bed and seedling transplanting of Valeriana fauriei Briquet. The flowering and bearing fruit of Valeriana fauriei was developed from the before-year root. Optimum period for seed harvest of Valeriana fauriei was from late July to middle August, and optimum areas were the high elevated areas over 500 m above the sea level as Jinbu-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do. Using of net-bag for seed harvesting was the effective method to gather the full ripe seed, and bagging of net-bag was necessary from the season of middle May that was the flowering middle-stage. Germination rates don't show the difference among the different temperatures of storage as approximately 41% at $-20^{\circ}C$, $2^{\circ}C$ or $20^{\circ}C$ of seed storage temperatures. The optimum temperature range was in $15{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ for seed germination at nursery bed. The optimum period for seed sowing at nursery bed was the late February, and the optimum period for seedling transplanting was the middle April.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2014

Ten feeding trials were conducted to determine and to make the guideline for the optimum feeding rates in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed extruded pellets at various growth stages at the optimum rearing water temperature. The entire trials were grouped into four growth stages, namely the first stage of juvenile (5 and 9 g), the second stage of juvenile (20, 30, 40 and 50 g), growing (240 and 317 g) and sub-adult (384 and 525 g) stages with 2, 4, 2 and 2 feeding trials, respectively. In the first and second experiments, results indicated that the optimum feeding rates for the first stage of juvenile olive flounder weighing 5 and 9 g could be >5.17 but <5.52% and >4.44 but <4.64% body weight (BW)/day, respectively. In the third, fourth, fifth and sixth experiments, results suggested that the optimum feeding rates for the second stage of juvenile olive flounder weighing 20, 30, 40 and 50 g could be >3.47 but <3.50, >2.85 but <3.53, >2.58 but <3.04 and >2.36 but <2.50% BW/day, respectively. In the seventh and eighth experiments, results showed the optimum feeding rates for growing olive flounder weighing 240 and 317 g to be >1.03 but <1.25 and >0.85 but <1.0 % BW/day, respectively. In the ninth and tenth experiments, the optimum feeding rates in sub-adult olive flounder weighing 384 and 525 g were shown to be >0.69 but <0.7 and >0.55 but <0.8% BW/day, respectively. We will compare these results with the previous studies done by other research groups.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.673-681
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 다설계 변수와 다제약 조건으로 구성된 단면, 형상 및 위상을 동시에 고려하는 구조물의 이산화 최적설계문제를 유전자알고리즘을 이용하여 체계화하였다. 본 연구에서는 유전자알고리즘의 적용방법을 초기화절차, 진화적 절차 그리고 유전적 절차로 구성하였다. 초기화절차에서는 한 세대의 개체 수만큼 염색체를 생성하고 진화적 절차는 구조해석의 결과를 분석하여 적합도를 계산하였다. 그리고 유전적 절차는 번식과 교배 및 돌연변이를 통하여 다음세대의 유전자를 생성하게된다. 이렇게 진화적 절차와 유전적 절차를 반복 수행하여 최적 해를 탐색한다. 본 연구에서는 설계자가 궁극적 목표로 하는 구조물의 응력 해석과 단면, 형상 및 위상최적설계를 동시에 수행할 수 있는 이산화 최적설계프로그램을 개발하고, 설계 예를 들어 비교 고찰하였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.565-572
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• 1996

천연고무(NR), 부타디엔 고무(BR), 오일 투입량을 변량한 스티렌-부타디엔 고무(SBR)를 기본으로 하는 고무배합을 통하여 카본블랙의 최적 투입량에 대하여 연구하였다. 카본블랙의 최적 투입량은 Lee 이론을 기초하여 L 인자 값과 카본블랙의 부피비와의 상관 관계를 통하여 결정하였다. 그리고 얻어진 최적 투입량 값을 고무 물성 시험 결과를 통하여 재검증 하였다. 고무 종류별 카본블랙의 최적 투입량값은 각각 NR 60 phr, BR 57 phr, SBR-A 65 phr, SBR-B 70 phr, SBR-C 76 phr로 얻어졌다. 또한 오일의 함량을 20 phr씩 증가시킬때 마다 약 5phr 정도의 최적 투입량이 증가함을 관찰할 수 있었다. L 인자값을 통하여 얻어진 카본블랙의 최적 투입량은 인장강도와 가장 밀접한 관계가 있었으며 최대 인장강도 값을 갖는 카본블랙의 투입량 근처에서 형성되었다.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• 제3B권3호
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• pp.128-132
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• 2003

This paper presents the optimum design of a Linear Induction Motor (LIM) using Genetic algorithm, Niching Genetic algorithm and Neural Network. The design variables are optimized by different optimization methods and the results are discussed.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.185-196
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• 1988

The inflence of hydrophilic vehicles on percutaneous absorption rate of griseofulvin was studied using intact skin of full thickness of hairless rat. The in vitro absorption rates were used as the characteristics for deciding the optimum formula of ointment vehicles. The optimum formula of vehicle compositions for maximum absorption rate was obtained from the polynomial regression equation and the two graphical techniques, contour graph and partial derivative graph. It was composed of sodium lauryl sulfate (1.65 W /W%), white petrolatum (16.5 W /W%), propylene glycol (12.0 W /W%), and stearyl alcohol (19.6W /W%). The experimental value obtained from the optimum formula and the prediction value were 33.99 and 33.87 ${\mu}g/\sqrt{min}$, respectively. From these results, it was believed that optimum formula for semisolid dosage forms could be obtained from the application of the optimization technique used in this study.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1999년도 제29회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.189-194
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• 1999

The antiwear performance of several organic phosphates ,such as tricrecylphosphate(TCP), tributylphosphate(TBP), diphenylhydrogenphosphate(DPHP) ,dissolved in polyol ester based oils is studied. These organic phosphates are well known for antiwear additive for lubricating oil that produce reacted surface protective film. These antiwear additives can drastically reduce wear with their concentration increasing, because the amount of additive adsorbed on metal sur(ace increases. But in the higher concentration region, the wear is increased by excessive and corrosive reaction of the metal surface with these additives. That is to say, there is an optimum concentration for minimum wear. The optimum concentration was different with the kinds of base oils and additives. Different polyolesters showed different optimum concentrations of the additive. The order of optimum concentration among the polyolesters was different with different phosphates. The order of the optimum concentration is shown that the effect of the concentration of additives on the antiwear performance. It can be explained by the interaction between additives and base oils using the solubility parameter.