• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.442-453
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• 2020

Underwater color images suffer from low visibility and color cast effects caused by light attenuation by water and floating particles. This study applied single image enhancement techniques to enhance the quality of underwater images and compared their performance with real underwater images taken in Korean waters. Dark channel prior (DCP), gradient transform, image fusion, and generative adversarial networks (GAN), such as cycleGAN and underwater GAN (UGAN), were considered for single image enhancement. Their performance was evaluated in terms of underwater image quality measure, underwater color image quality evaluation, gray-world assumption, and blur metric. The DCP saturated the underwater images to a specific greenish or bluish color tone and reduced the brightness of the background signal. The gradient transform method with two transmission maps were sensitive to the light source and highlighted the region exposed to light. Although image fusion enabled reasonable color correction, the object details were lost due to the last fusion step. CycleGAN corrected overall color tone relatively well but generated artifacts in the background. UGAN showed good visual quality and obtained the highest scores against all figures of merit (FOMs) by compensating for the colors and visibility compared to the other single enhancement methods.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.235-240
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• 2007

A ceramic stem based TO package incorporating a coplanar waveguide feed-line has been proposed allowing for 10 Gbps grade data transmission. The frequency response of a cylindrical feed-line fer a conventional metal based TO package was first analyzed, and compared with that of the CPW feed-line used for a ceramic based package such as a butterfly package. For the case where a DFB LD chip is packaged to an LD module, the measured 3 dB frequency bandwidths for the conventional and proposed packages were 3.5 GHz and 7.8 GHz respectively, which agree well with the theoretical results obtained from the modeling based on the small signal equivalent circuits. Consequently, we proposed a novel ceramic based TO package with a CPW feed-line in ceramic material as a stem to improve the frequency characteristics of the conventional one. And, its performance was theoretically observed to confirm that the proposed package provides even wider frequency bandwidth compared to the conventional one.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.664-674
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• 1996

In high speed multi-wavelength networks, retransmission overhead due to desination conflict or control packet collision is one factor of performance degration because signal prpagation delay is much larger than the transmission time of data packet. In this paper, an efficient WDMA protocol with a collision avoidance mechanism is proposed for high speed WDM single-hop network with a passive star topology. In proposed protocol, each node has cource queues and routing table to store souting informatio. This architecture makes is possible to avoid any kind of collision when a node reserves the channel to transmit a data packet. High system thoughput and channel utilization can be achieved by proposed protocol since there are no discarded packets caused by any collision at transmission time. The performance of proposed protocol is evaluated in term of throughput and delay with variations in offered load. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol has superior performance to convertional protocols under nonuniform traffic as well as uniform traffic.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.36D no.6
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• pp.52-60
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• 1999

Fabricability of phase shifted grating filters has been theoretically studied by an effective index transfer matrix method. In the optical band-pass filter with multiple ${\lambda}/4$ phase-shifts, the phase-shift error and random variation of the grating period should be suppressed such that corresponding resonance frequency lies within, the filter pass-band. The tolerance for the relative error is less than $10^3$, and is quite stringent in typical filters for WDM application. End facet reflection produces ripple in the transmission spectra and the reflectivity should be less than 1% in order to keep the ripple less than 0.25dB. Also, the effect of waveguide absorption loss is enhanced by the resonance in the filter, and the absorption should be limited to 1dB/cm for the signal loss of less than 0.2dB.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.390-392
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• 2005

The digital radiation detectors are used clinically by diagnostic apparatus. However the digital radiation detector are some problem like high operating voltage, light blurring, low conversion efficiency, low fill factor, etc. Thus we propose a new radiation detector that the photoconductor layer and liquid crystal layer are coupled in sandwich structure. X-ray absorption in the photoconductor layer controls the state of the liquid crystal via creation of charge carrier and the light modulation of liquid crystal make image formation. The advantage of the new radiation detector is that high resolution image is acquired and the signal amplification is possible by external visible light source. In this study, we study the optical properties and electrical properties of the new radiation detector to irradiate X-ray. The Mercury Iodide($HgI_2$) was used by photoconductor material, and the aluminum is used by reflective layer. The thickness of Mercury Iodide is about $200{\mu}m$, the operating voltage of the liquid crystal is 1.5~5V. The electrical properties of Mercury Iodide was measured, and the transmission efficiency of liquid crystal was measured by modulation potential.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.63-72
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• 2007

This paper addresses the system development that can transfer data and TDM signals simultaneously by adding TDM pseudowires functions to E-PON system. E-PON technology is one of many technologies which can realize FTTH, has raised as next generation access network solution having both low-cost Ethernet technology and optical infrastructure. TDM pseudowires service is the new voice/data conversion technology which can transfer the existing TDM circuit switched voice and data over packet switching network. In this paper, this system can provide both data and TDM service without deteriorating QoS by adding TDM pseudowires service module to E-PON, and then implementing QoS control function. Therefore, the competitive system which can transfer both data and TDM signal, can be installed.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.507-517
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• 2022

The PhotoAcoustic Microscopy (PAM) has been proved to be a useful tool for biological and medical applications due to its high spatial and contrast resolution. PAM is based on transmission of laser pulses and reception of PA signals. Since the strength of PA signals is generally low, not only are high-performance optical and acoustic modules required, but high-performance electronics for imaging are also particularly needed for high-quality PAM imaging. Most PAM systems are implemented with a combination of several pieces of equipment commercially available to receive, amplify, enhance, and digitize PA signals. To this end, PAM systems are inevitably bulky and not optimal because general purpose equipment is used. This paper reports a PA signal receiving system recently developed to attain the capability of improved Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) of PAM images; the main module of this system is a low noise, wideband signal receiver that consists of two low-noise amplifiers, two variable gain amplifiers, analog filters, an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC), and control logic. From phantom imaging experiments, it was found that the developed system can improve SNR by 6.7 dB and CNR by 3 dB, compared to a combination of several pieces of commercially available equipment.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2005

Fiber-Bragg-grating external cavity laser(FGL) modules were fabricated and experimentally analyzed. Proposed as a cost-effective solution for optical sources in the WDM-PON access network, FGL modules were packaged to TO-CAN type. We obtained a low threshold current of 13 mA, and an optical output power of 3.6 mW with a bias current of 60 mA at $25^{\circ}C$. The lasing wavelength dependencies on current and temperature were as small as 5.2 pm/mA and 30 pm/$^{\circ}C$, respectively. These change rates of the wavelength with the temperature and current are smaller than those of the DFB laser. Single-mode oscillations with the side-mode suppression ratio(SMSR) over 30 dB are maintained above the threshold current level. The FGL modules can be directly modulated at 155 Mbps, PRBS(2$^{23}$ -1) NRZ signal. Through the BER plots, we did not see the significant degradations before and after the transmission over 20km of the SMF at 155 Mb/s.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.328-335
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• 2008

The system performance of NRZ format in WDM transmission system with lumped dispersion management(DM) and optical phase conjugator(OPC) is compared with that of RZ format. It is confirmed that eye opening penalty(EOP) of both NRZ and RZ format in WDM transmission system having lumped DM combined with OPC are greatly improved than those in WDM system with only OPC. The optimal net residual dispersion(NRD) in the case of RZ format is decided to so small value that path-averaged dispersion coefficient become almost zero, while that in the case of NRZ format is decided to larger value, for the best improvement of overall WDM channels. It is also confirmed that EOP in the case of RZ format is more improved than that in the case of NRZ format in lumped DM with optimal NRD. This is resulted from that lumped DM combined with OPC suppress the signal distortion due to intrachannel four-wave mixing(IFWM) and intrachannel cross phase modulation(IXPM). Consequently, lumped DM combined with OPC proposed in this paper is effective technique to mitigate intrachannel nonlinearities in WDM transmitting RZ format.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.13 no.1 s.53
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• pp.88-96
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• 2009

This study proposes a wireless measurement system that is a new safety management system by using an FBG sensor and a PDA. The sensor part has many advantages of implementing a wireless measurement system, and the study emploies an FBG-LVDT sensor, FBG-STRAIN sensor, FBG-TEMP sensor, and FBG-ACC sensor, using FBG sensors. Also, the study show a configuration of a signal process system for operating a wireless transmission system of FBG sensors applied to the signal process system, and engrafted the cutting edge information technology industry in order to display from a remote distance using a PDA. In order to verify the applicability of the developed FBG sensors and wireless measurement monitoring system to the field, their accuracy, and usability, the study has conducted a static and dynamic test to a bridge in the field. The study made an assessment of service for the vibration of the bridge by applying dynamic data measured by an FBG-LVDT sensor and FBG-ACC sensor to Meister's curve and prepared methods for assessing the vibration of the bridge by proposing a standard of vibration limitation given the service of vibration of the bridge. As a follow up for this study, it would be necessary to set up an overall model for the standard of service assessment established in this study.