• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.77-80
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• 1998

An optimization procedure was proposed to minimize construction and operation cost simultaneously. The global criterion method was exploited to find a Pareto optimum solution to the multi-objective functions. The result was compared to the data of a real pumping plant and it was found that the optimized plan of pumping plant could reduce both of the construction and operation cost.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1562-1566
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• 2006

The intelligent railway operation information architecture is to provide the railway passengers with the intermodal transportation information service. The purpose of the information architecture is to suggest the information service architecture of the intermodal transportation structurally. First, the architect procedure is to analysis the user requirements and according to these requirements, is to make the description of service requirements. Then secondly, it decides the service items and based of these items, it is to construction of service architecture. Finally, service package provide an accessible, deployment oriented perspective to intelligent railway operation information architecture

• 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2019

소프트웨어에 대한 저작권 분쟁에서 통상 감정절차를 거치는데 이 과정에서 상당한 기간이 소요되고 있는 점은 신속한 재판받을 권리를 구현함에 있어 장애로 지적된다. 이에 실무적으로 소프트웨어 감정 절차를 간이절차로 운영하고자 하는 논의가 오랜 기간 있어왔다. 기존의 논의는 주로 감정절차에 투입되는 자원을 줄이는 방식에 따르고 있는데, 이러한 방식은 필연적으로 감정을 통하여 도출되는 결과에 차이를 가져올 수밖에 없다. 이에 간이절차의 본질적 성격 및 재판 과정에서 소프트웨어 감정의 역할을 중심으로 기존 논의되던 소프트웨어 감정의 간이절차 운영에 대해 검토하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.885-892
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• 2011

In this study, LCA(Life Cycle Assessment) on 'Saemangum CSO Project' was carried out to evaluate environmental impact which occurred during the construction and operation periods and the potential environmental impact reduction was analyzed by comparing production and reduction level of pollution loads. LCA was conducted out according to the procedure of ISO14040 which suggested Goal and Scope Definition, Life Cycle Inventory Analysis, Life Cycle Impact Assessment and Interpretation. In the Goal and Scope Definition, the functional unit was 1 m3 of CSO, the system boundary was construction and operation phases, and the operation period was 20 years. For the data collection and inventory analysis, input energies and materials from civil, architecture, mechanical and electric fields are collected from design sheet but the landscape architecture field is excepted. LCIA(Life Cycle Impact Assessment) was performed following the procedure of Eco-Labelling Type III under 6 categories which were resource depletion, eutrophication, global warming, ozone-layer destruction, and photochemical oxide formation. In the result of LCA, 83.4% of environmental impact occurred in the construction phase and 16.6% in the operation phase. Especially 78% of environmental impact occurred in civil works. The Global warming category showed the highest contribution level in the environmental impact categories. For the analysis on potential environmental impact reduction, the reduction and increased of environmental impact which occurred on construction and operation phases were compared. In the case of considering only the operation phase, the result of the comparison showed that 78% of environmental impact is reduced. On the other hand, when considering both the construction and operation phases, 50% of environmental impact is increase. Therefore, this study showed that eco-friendly material and construction method should be used for reduction of environmental impact during life cycle, and it is strongly necessary to develop technology and skills to reduce environmental impact such as renewable energies.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 퇴비화에서 첨가제로 주로 사용하고 있는 톱밥을 대상으로 수분 혼합방식으로서의 습윤과정과 건조과정에서의 수분함량별 톱밥의 물리적 성상의 변화로 인한 공기투과성의 차이점을 파악하고자 하였다. 수분증가에 따라 겉보기밀도는 증가하며, 공기공극은 감소하였다. 그러나 습윤 및 건조과정에서 동일한 수분함량일지라도 습윤과정의 공기공극이 건조과정에 비하여 높게 나타나고 있어 습윤과정이 퇴비화 매체 내에서의 공기이동에 유리한 물리적 성상을 보이고 있다. 또한 수분이 증가함에 따라 톱밥 입자크기가 커지며, 수분함량 40%부터 60% 구간에서 습윤과정이 건조과정에 비하여 큰 입자를 형성하였다. 또한, 습윤과정에서는 수분이 증가함에 따라 공기공극이 작아짐에도 불구하고 수분함량 60% 정도에서 차감압력이 가장 낮아지고 이후 수분 포화상태에 도달하면 급격히 증가하고 있다. 건조과정에서는 습윤과정과는 다르게 포화상태에서부터 수분이 감소함에 따라 차감압력이 지속적으로 감소하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 퇴비화에서 주로 활용되는 건조기준 수분함량 0.67(습량기준 40%) 이상의 수분함량 구간에서 유입 공기유량이 동일할 경우 습윤과정이 건조과정에 비하여 차감압력이 낮아 공기투과성이 개선되어 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 동일한 수분함량에서의 차감압력은 유입 공기유량에 비례하여 증가하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 실험결과로서, 퇴비화공정에서 매체내의 공기이동성을 원활하게 하기 위하여는 습윤과정이 적절하며 수분함량 60% 정도가 최적의 운영조건이라 판단된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.739-746
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• 2009

This paper introduces facility operation modeling and simulation based primarily on a discrete event system modeling scheme. Many modern industrial facilities are so complex that their operational status cannot be estimated by simple calculations. In general, a facility can consist of many processes and transfers of material between processes that may be modeled as a discrete event system. This paper introduces the current status of studies on operation modeling and simulation for typical nuclear facilities, along with some examples. In addition, this paper provides insights about how a discrete event system can be applied to a model for a nuclear facility. A headend facility is chosen for operation modeling and the simulation, and detailed procedure is thoroughly described from modeling to an analysis of discrete event results. These kinds of modeling and simulation are very important because they can contribute to facility design and operation in terms of prediction of system behavior, quantification of facility capacity, bottleneck identification and efficient operation scheduling.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.401-413
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• 1999

An ice storage cooling facility with cooling capacity of 150㎾ has been constructed for the purpose of developing optimal design and control strategy for an ice storage system. As the first step to this purpose, a computer program has been developed to simulate the operation of the ice storage system and examined precisely by comparing the results with those measured from the test facility. With the simulation program verified from the comparison, a design procedure has been developed to determine the minimum capacity required for each operation strategy available commercially. It is shown that the minimum sizes of the chiller and the storage tank are strongly dependent on the control strategy, i.e., chiller priority or storage priority, but less affected by the arrangement method, i.e., chiller upstream or chiller downstream.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.2918-2927
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• 2020

This paper proposes a simplified elastic-plastic analysis procedure using the penalty factors presented in the Code Case N-779 for strain-based fatigue assessment of nuclear safety class 1 components under severe seismic loads such as safety shutdown earthquake and beyond design-basis earthquake. First, a simplified elastic-plastic analysis procedure for strain-based fatigue assessment of nuclear safety class 1 components under the severe seismic loads was proposed based on the analysis result for the simplified elastic-plastic analysis procedure in the Code Case N-779 and the stress categories corresponding to normal operation and seismic loads. Second, total strain amplitude was calculated directly by performing finite element cyclic elastic-plastic seismic analysis for a hot leg nozzle in pressurizer surge line subject to combined loading including deadweight, pressure, seismic inertia load, and seismic anchor motion, as well as was derived indirectly by applying the proposed analysis procedure to the finite element elastic stress analysis result for each load. Third, strain-based fatigue assessment was implemented by applying the strain-based fatigue acceptance criteria in the ASME B&PV Code, Sec. III, Subsec. NB, Article NB-3200 and by using the total strain amplitude values calculated. Last, the total strain amplitude and the fatigue assessment result corresponding to the simplified elastic-plastic analysis were compared with those using the finite element elastic-plastic seismic analysis results. As a result of the comparison, it was identified that the proposed analysis procedure can derive reasonable and conservative results.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.821-828
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• 2011

Purpose: The authors applied Bilhaut-Cloquet procedure to Wassel type III and IV duplicated thumb, which was limited to patients with Wassel type I, II. This procedure was applied in order to improve the growth potential, range of joint motion, joint stability and cosmetic outcome. Methods: Sixteen patients received Bilhaut-Cloquet procedures to correct duplicated thumbs from May, 2005 to December, 2010. Seven patients were Wassel type III, nine patients were type IV. This procedure was applied not only to balanced type, but also unbalanced type or convergent type. Five patients were balanced type and eleven patients were unbalanced type. Convergent type of Wassel type IV was three. Sex ratio was the same, mean age at the operation was 20.1 months old (8~52 months old). Angular deformity, joint stability and range of joint motion and cosmetic outcome were considered together and estimated in Tada score. Also, postoperative subjective satisfaction score of the parents was evaluated by a 100-points scale. Results: Mean subjective satisfaction scored 75 points at 28 months after the operation. Radiologic study showed bony union of proximal phalangeal bone and stable joint in all patients. Range of motion was mean 20 degrees in interphalangeal joint and mean 73 degrees in metacarpophalangeal joint. Tada score showed 'good' in eleven patients (68.8%), 'fair' in three patients (18.7%) and 'poor' in two patients (12.5%). In seven patients those who were able to follow up for a long term showed no significant difference in length of proximal and distal phalangeal bones compared to the opposite thumb. Conclusion: Bilhaut-Cloquet procedure can be applied not only to balanced type of Wassel type III, IV duplicated thumb, but also to unbalanced type or convergent type that focused on functional reconstruction and cosmetic improvement.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2008

중국인의 나머지 정리(Chinese Remainder Theorem)를 이용한 RSA 암호 시스템(RSA CRT)은 모듈러 지수승 연산이 기존의 제곱 연산을 반복하는 것보다 빠르게 계산될 수 있기 때문에 표준으로 권장하고 있다. 그러나 1996년 Bellcore가 RSA CRT의 오류주입 공격에 대해서 발표한 이래로 RSA CRT의 안전성 문제가 대두되었다. 1997년 Shamir가 오류 주입을 확인하는 비교 연산을 이용한 대응 방법을 소개하였고, 곧이어 이러한 비교연산도 안전하지 않다고 알려졌다. 최근 Yen이 오류주입 공격에 안전한 두 가지의 CRT 연산 프로토콜을 제안하였으며 이 프로토콜은 오류 주입을 확인하는 비교연산이 존재하지 않는다. 그러나 FDTC 2006에서 Yen의 두 CRT 연산 프로토콜에 대한 공격 방법이 소개되었다. 본 논문에서는 FDTC 2006에서 제시된 공격 방법에도 안전한 두 CRT 연산 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 비트연산(AND)의 특성을 이용하며 추가적인 연산을 고려하지 않아도 된다.