• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.400-410
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• 2019

In this study, the numerical code for the 3D nonlinear dynamic analysis of an SLWR (Steel Lazy Wave Riser) was developed using the lumped mass line model in a FORTRAN environment. Because the lumped mass line model is an explicit method, there is no matrix operation. Thus, the numerical algorithm is simple and fast. In the lumped mass line model, the equations of motion for the riser were derived by applying the various forces acting on each node of the line. The applied forces at the node of the riser consisted of the tension, shear force due to the bending moment, gravitational force, buoyancy force, riser/ground contact force, and hydrodynamic force based on the Morison equation. Time integration was carried out using a Runge-Kutta fourth-order method, which is known to be stable and accurate. To validate the accuracy of the developed numerical code, simulations using the commercial software OrcaFlex were carried out simultaneously and compared with the results of the developed numerical code. To understand the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of an SLWR, dynamic simulations of SLWRs excited at the hang-off point and of SLWRs in regular waves were carried out. From the results of these dynamic simulations, the displacements at the maximum bending moments at important points of the design, like the hang-off point, sagging point, hogging points, and touch-down point, were observed and analyzed.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.84-95
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• 2016

Considerably increasing interest in using the theranostic isotopes/ isotope pairs of radiometals like $^{44/47}Sc$ and $^{64/67}Cu$ for diagnosis and/or therapeutic applications in the nuclear medicine procedures necessitates its reliable production and supply. Separation and purification of no-carrier-added (NCA) isotopes from macro quantitates of the irradiated target matrix along with other impurities is a cardinal procedure amongst several other steps involved in its production. Multitudinous methods including but not limited to liquid-liquid (solvent) extraction, extraction chromatography (EXC), ion exchange, electrodeposition and sublimation are routinely applied either solitarily or in combination for the separation and purification of radioisotopes depending on their production routes, radioisotope of interest and impurities involved. However, application of EXC though has shown promises towards the numerous separation techniques have not received much attention as far as its application prospects in the field of nuclear medicine are concerned. Advances in the recent past for application of the EXC resins in separation and purification of the several medically important radioisotopes at ultra-high purity have shown promising behavior with respect to their operation simplicity, acidic and radiolytic stability, separation efficiencies and speedy procedures with the enhanced and excellent extraction abilities. In this mini review we will be talking about the recent developments in the application and the use of EXC techniques for the separation and purification of $^{44/47}Sc$ and $^{64/67}Cu$ for medical applications. Furthermore, we will also discuss the scientific and practical aspects of EXC in the view of separation of the NCA trace amount of radionuclides.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.23-43
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• 2017

Purpose: As application-specific wireless sensor networks are gaining popularity, this paper discusses the development and field performance of the GHAN, a greenhouse area network system to monitor, control, and access greenhouse microenvironments. GHAN, which is an upgraded system, has many new functions. It is an intelligent wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN) system for next-generation greenhouses, which enhances the state of the art of greenhouse automation systems and helps growers by providing them valuable information not available otherwise. Apart from providing online spatial and temporal monitoring of the greenhouse microclimate, GHAN has a modified vapor pressure deficit (VPD) fuzzy controller with an adaptive-selective mechanism that provides better control of the greenhouse crop VPD with energy optimization. Using the latest soil-matrix potential sensors, the GHAN system also ascertains when, where, and how much to irrigate and spatially manages the irrigation schedule within the greenhouse grids. Further, given the need to understand the microclimate control dynamics of a greenhouse during the crop season or a specific time, a statistical assessment tool to estimate the degree of optimality and spatial variability is proposed and implemented. Methods: Apart from the development work, the system was field-tested in a commercial greenhouse situated in the region of Punjab, India, under different outside weather conditions for a long period of time. Conclusions: Day results of the greenhouse microclimate control dynamics were recorded and analyzed, and they proved the successful operation of the system in keeping the greenhouse climate optimal and uniform most of the time, with high control performance.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

Patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) generally demonstrate the asymmetries in the lip, nose and the naso-maxillary complex. And their skeletal asymmetries are known to be derived from the displacement of nasal septum, anterior nasal spine (ANS) and the pre-maxilla toward the non-affected side during the developmental and growth period. Due to the interruption of the important facial muscles, which are critical for the symmetric growth of premaxilla, functional matrix system fails to develop and results in the displacement of the ANS toward the non-affected side and nasal asymmetry. Therefore the rhinoplasty for CLP patients is required to have inter-skeletal and muscular rearrangement in the naso-maxillary complex in order to let them recover from esthetic and physiologic imbalances. And functional cheilorhinoplasty (FCR) has been a representative treatment of choice for this concept of treatment modality. The outcome and prognosis of primary or repair FCR have been known to be definitely affected by timing of the operation as well as adequate reconstruction of naso-labial muscles. However, sometimes FCR has an ineffective treatment results for patients after the facial growth period, and the limited rhinoplasty around the nose often fails to bring satisfying results. In order to circumvent this limitation, we performed ANS osteotomy for patients with unilateral CLP showing asymmetric nose, as an alternative way for corrective rhinoplasty. We could observe that the nose was rearranged along the facial mid-line by this osteotomy design and asymmetries were evidently improved postoperatively. Here we present this osteotomy method in CLP patients.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2018

The stability of cutting slope influences the safety of railway operation, and how to identify the stability of the slope quickly and determine the rational monitoring plan is a pressing problem at present. In this study, the attribute recognition model of risk assessment for high cutting slope stability in the heavy haul railway is established based on attribute mathematics theory, followed by the consequent monitoring scheme design. Firstly, based on comprehensive analysis on the risk factors of heavy haul railway loess slope, collapsibility, tectonic feature, slope shape, rainfall, vegetation conditions, train speed are selected as the indexes of the risk assessment, and the grading criteria of each index is established. Meanwhile, the weights of the assessment indexes are determined by AHP judgment matrix. Secondly, The attribute measurement functions are given to compute attribute measurement of single index and synthetic attribute, and the attribute recognition model was used to assess the risk of a typical heavy haul railway loess slope, Finally, according to the risk assessment results, the monitoring content and method of this loess slope were determined to avoid geological disasters and ensure the security of the railway infrastructure. This attribute identification- risk assessment- monitoring design mode could provide an effective way for the risk assessment and control of heavy haul railway in the loess plateau.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.351-359
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• 2015

Next-generation displays should be transparent and flexible as well as having high resolution and frame number. The main factor for active matrix organic light emitting diode and next-generation displays is the development of TFTs (thin-film transistors) with high mobility and large area uniformity. The TFTs used for transparent displays are mainly oxide TFT that has oxide semiconductor as channel layer. Zinc-oxide based substances such as indium-gallium-zinc-oxide has attracted attention in the display industry. In this paper, the mobility improvement of low cost oxide TFT is studied for fast operating next-generation displays by overcoming disadvantages of amorphous silicon TFT that has low mobility and poly silicon TFT that requires expensive equipment for complex process and doping process.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.735-744
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• 2012

In order to quantify the flow distribution characteristics of APR+ reactor, a test was performed on a test facility, ACOP ($\underline{A}$PR+ $\underline{C}$ore Flow & $\underline{P}$ressure Test Facility), having a length scale of 1/5 referring to the prototype plant. The major parameters are core inlet flow and outlet pressure distribution and sectional pressure drops along the major flow path inside reactor vessel. To preserve the flow characteristics of prototype plant, the test facility was designed based on a preservation of major flow path geometry. An Euler number is considered as primary dimensionless parameter, which is conserved with a 1/40.9 of Reynolds number scaling ratio. ACOP simplifies each fuel assembly into a hydraulic simulator having the same axial flow resistance and lateral cross flow characteristics. In order to supply boundary condition to estimate thermal margins of the reactor, the distribution of inlet core flow and core exit pressure were measured in each of 257 fuel assembly simulators. In total, 584 points of static pressure and differential pressures were measured with a limited number of differential pressure transmitters by developing a sequential operation system of valves. In the current study, reactor flow characteristics under the balanced four-cold leg flow conditions at each of the cold legs were quantified, which is a part of the test matrix composing the APR+ flow distribution test program. The final identification of the reactor flow distribution was obtained by ensemble averaging 15 independent test data. The details of the design of the test facility, experiment, and data analysis are included in the current paper.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.415-425
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• 2016

Purpose: The present study investigated the impact of 2 different suture techniques, the conventional crossed mattress suture (X suture) and the novel hidden X suture, for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with an open healing approach. Methods: This study was a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Fourteen patients requiring extraction of the maxillary or mandibular posterior teeth were enrolled and allocated into 2 groups. After extraction, demineralized bovine bone matrix mixed with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) was grafted and the socket was covered by porcine collagen membrane in a double-layer fashion. No attempt to obtain primary closure was made. The hidden X suture and conventional X suture techniques were performed in the test and control groups, respectively. Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images were taken immediately after the graft procedure and before implant surgery 4 months later. Additionally, the change in the mucogingival junction (MGJ) position was measured and was compared after extraction, after suturing, and 4 months after the operation. Results: All sites healed without any complications. Clinical evaluations showed that the MGJ line shifted to the lingual side immediately after the application of the X suture by $1.56{\pm}0.90mm$ in the control group, while the application of the hidden X suture rather pushed the MGJ line slightly to the buccal side by $0.25{\pm}0.66mm$. It was demonstrated that the amount of keratinized tissue (KT) preserved on the buccal side was significantly greater in the hidden X suture group 4 months after the procedure (P<0.05). Radiographic analysis showed that the hidden X suture had a significant effect in preserving horizontal width and minimizing vertical reduction in comparison to X suture (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our study provided clinical and radiographic verification of the efficacy of the hidden X suture in preserving the width of KT and the dimensions of the alveolar ridge after ARP.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.74-80
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• 1989

광합성 세균의 수소생성 향상을 위한 노력의 일환으로 수소생성능이 좋은 Rhodopseudomonas E15-1 을 고정화하여 수소생성에 적당한 조건을 조사하였다. 담체로 4%의 alginate를 사용하였을 때 수소생성량이 많았으며 고정화함에 따라 산소. 질소에 대한 억제효과를 덜 받았다. Alginate 고정화 세포는 그 지름을 2mm 이하로 하는 것이 겔내로의 확산저항이 적으므로 적당했다. 여러가지 유기물을 활용하여 수소를 생성할 수 있었으며 특히 citrate, fumarate와 malate 같은 유기산의 경우 30mM의 농도가 수소생성에 있어서 적당하였다. 또한 고정화세포를 이용한 계속적인 수소생성에 있어서 20일부터 활성이 감소하기는 하나 겔의 구조적 안정성은 30일까지 유지되었다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.785-795
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• 2019

This paper is a study on the modeling of the quantity estimation model for offshore plant Material handling equipment in FEED(Front End Engineering Design) verification stage using system engineering approach which is an engineering design methods. The relevant engineering execution procedure is not systemized although the operation method and Material handling equipment selection with weight and space constraints is a key part of the FEED. Using the system engineering process, the stakeholder requirements analysis process, the system requirements analysis, and the final system architecture design were sequentially performed, and the process developed through the functional development diagram and Requirement traceability matrix (RTM) was verified. In addition, based on the established process, we propose a Material handling quantity estimation model and Quantity calculation verification Table that can be applied at the FEED verification stage and we verify the applicability through case studies.