• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.2964-2983
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• 2015

As the Android operating system has become a key target for malware authors, Android protection has become a thriving research area. Beside the proved importance of system permissions for malware analysis, there is a lot of overlapping in permissions between malware apps and goodware apps. The exploitation of them effectively in malware detection is still an open issue. In this paper, to investigate the feasibility of neuro-fuzzy techniques to Android protection based on system permissions, we introduce a self-adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system to classify the Android apps into malware and goodware. According to the framework introduced, the most significant permissions that characterize optimally malware apps are identified using Information Gain Ratio method and encapsulated into patterns of features. The patterns of features data is used to train and test the system using stratified cross-validation methodologies. The experiments conducted conclude that the proposed classifier can be effective in Android protection. The results also underline that the neuro-fuzzy techniques are feasible to employ in the field.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.1365-1371
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• 2009

A new s-wave probe, called "MudFork", has been recently developed and is used in accurate measurements of shear wave velocities of soft soils. In previous researches, some instrumental defects of the probe have been reported. Bending deformation of probe is caused by small section modulus of blades, and open-ended bender elements are vulnerable to damage during penetration. Herein, we improved the MudFork to solve these problems. Field tests at Sinan, Jeollanamdo using the improved MudFork were conducted. Results from MPT are compared with the results from CPT.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.990-997
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• 2010

The Mission environment of UGV(Unmanned Ground Vehicle) has a complexity and variety, and the status of system and sensor is dependent on the environment factors such as operation time, the weather and road type. It is necessary for UGV to cope adaptively with the various mission types, operation modes and operation environment as human operators do. To satisfy this necessity, we present an autonomy manager based on the autonomous architecture. In this paper, we design a path planning software architecture and LPP manager by using open autonomous architecture which is previously designed by ADD. Field test is conducted with UGV in order to verify the performance of LPP Manager based on the Autonomous Architecture with scenarios.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07a
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• pp.308-310
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• 1995

Most of the elevator door controllers have been controlled by DC Motors as an actuator. Recently, The control system using AC induction motor and general purpose inverter has been applied to control of elevator door. But there are some difficulties in making use of this system, such as adjustment of door speed pattern, door open-close time, and security of passenger safety. In order to solve these problems, a special inverter has, been developed with an encoder feedback. From the result of field-test, we proved that a special inverter with encoder feedback device has come to considerable effect. Until now about 1,200 sets of these inverters are operated in Korea and about 100 sets are operated in South-east Asia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.680-691
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• 1993

Rats were fed for an 8-week period a low riboflavin diet(5ug riboflavin/day) or a control diet(30ug/day) supplied either ad libitum or by pair feeding in order to study the effect of riboflavin on the metabolism of lipids and neurotransmitters. Erythrocyte glutathione reductase (EGR) and monomine oxidase(MAO) activity in the liver and brain were assayed. EGR activity coefficient in riboflavin deficient rats was significantly higher than in ad libitum controls whereas MAO activity was decreased in the deficient rats. Fatty acid composition showed a different trend in the serum, liver and brain. In the serum, the concentrations of essential fatty acids and $\omega$-3 fatty acids(eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid)were decreased about 20-40% in the deficient and pair-fed than in the ad libitum controls. Brain serotonin and 5-HIAA(5-hydroxyindole acetic acid) concentrations were decreased in the riboflavin deficient rats. Learning ability measured by a water maze and exploratory activity using the open field test were not impaired in the deficient rats. These results indicate that brain lipid metabolism was protected in subclinical riboflavin deficiency, however, riboflavin deficiency affected brain serotonin content.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.23-37
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• 2023

Submucosal endoscopy or third-space endoscopy utilizes the potential space between the mucosal and muscularis layers of the gastrointestinal tract to execute therapeutic interventions for various diseases. Over the last decade, endoscopic access to the submucosal space has revolutionized the field of therapeutic endoscopy. Submucosal endoscopy was originally used to perform endoscopic myotomy in patients with achalasia cardia, and its use has grown exponentially since. Currently, submucosal endoscopy is widely used to resect subepithelial tumors and to manage refractory gastroparesis and Zenker's diverticulum. While the utility of submucosal endoscopy has stood the test of time in esophageal motility disorders and subepithelial tumors, its durability remains to be established in conditions such as Zenker's diverticulum and refractory gastroparesis. Other emerging indications for submucosal endoscopy include esophageal epiphrenic diverticulum, Hirschsprung's disease, and esophageal strictures not amenable to conventional endoscopic treatment. The potential of submucosal endoscopy to provide easy and safe access to the mediastinum and peritoneal spaces may open doors to novel indications and rejuvenate the interest of endoscopists in natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery in the future. This review focuses on the current spectrum, recent updates, and future direction of submucosal endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.453-459
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• 2014

Chronic mild stress (CMS) has been reported to induce an anhedonic-like state in mice that resembles some of the symptoms of human depression. In the present study, we used a chronic mild stress animal model of depression and anxiety to examine the responses of two strains of mice that have different behavioral responsiveness. An outbred ICR and an inbred C57BL/6 strain of mice were selected because they are widely used strains in behavioral tests. The results showed that the inbred C57BL/6 and outbred ICR mice were similarly responsive to CMS treatment in sucrose intake test (SIT) and open field test (OFT). However, the two strains showed quite different responses in forced swimming test (FST) and novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF) test after 3 weeks of CMS treatment. Only C57BL/6 mice displayed the depression- and anxiety-like behavioral effects in response to CMS treatment in FST and NSF test. Our results suggest that there are differences in responsiveness to CMS according to the different types of strain of mice and behavioral tests. Therefore, these results provide useful information for the selection of appropriate behavioral methods to test depression- and anxiety-like behaviors using CMS in ICR and C57BL/6 mice.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 2007

Filtration studies, using simulated test nanoparticles or diesel nanoparticles, have been performed about Inconel foam filters for DPF combined with electrostatic precipitation. The simulated test particles were synthesized by laser ablation in the nitrogen atmosphere at the standard condition. The diesel particles were exhausted from the diesel engine driven on the condition of idle or load mode. Filtration efficiency of the metal foam filter is very low because most of particles are penetrated through the large pores of filter. However, the efficiency was considerably improved by applying the electric field to the filter and/or charging the nanoparticles. Nevertheless, the pressure drop of filter hardly increased because the filter-pores were not clogged by deposited particles and kept open.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2004.03b
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• pp.11-19
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• 2004

When pile foundation constructed by driving method, it is desirable to perform monitoring and estimation of pile drivability and bearing capacity using some suitable tools. Dynamic Pile Monitoring yields information regarding the hammer, driving system, and pile and soil behaviour that can be used to confirm the assumptions of wave equation analysis. Dynamic Pile Monitoring is performed with the Pile Driving Analyser. The Pile Driving Analyser (PDA) uses wave propagation theory to compute numerous variables that fully describe the condition of the hammer-pile-soil system in real time, following each hammer impact. This approach allows immediate field verification of hammer performance, driving efficiency, and an estimate of pile capacity. The PDA has been used widely as a most effective control method of pile installations. A set of PDA test was performed at the site of Donghea-1 Gas Platform Jacket which is located east of Ulsan. The drilling core sediments of location of jacket subsoil are composed of mud and sand, silt. In this case study, the results of PDA test which was applied to measurement and estimation of large diameter open ended steel pipe pile driven by underwater hydraulic hammer, MHU-800S, at the marine sediments were summarized.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2006

The ethanolic extract of Fleurya interrupta Gaud, (Urticaceae) was tested for its possible neuropharmacological effects on experimental animals, For the primary neuropharmacological screening of this plant, the ethanolic extract of its aerial parts was subjected to preliminary evaluation for acute toxicity, antinociceptive activity and central nervous system (CNS) activities. At the doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg, the extract significantly (P < 0.01 and P < 0. 001) and dose-dependently increased the frequency of acetic acid induced writhing in mice. In the pentobarbitone induced sleeping time test, the extract at the above dose levels, significantly and dose-dependently decreased the pentobarbitone induced sleeping time (P < 0.001) and increased the time for onset of sleep (P < 0.001) in mice. In the open field and hole cross tests, test animals showed an increase in their movement in the both tests from the 2nd observation period (30 min) and persisted throughout the entire experimental period (240 min). These results of the extract may attribute a stimulating action on the CNS. On the basis of these findings, it can be assumed that the extract exerts its stimulating effect on the CNS in mice by interfering with the cortical function or increasing the effect of some CNS stimulating neurotransmitters.