• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.421-436
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• 2008

Mathematics assessment doesn't mean examining in the traditional sense of written examination. Mathematics assessment has to give the various information of grade and development of students as well as teaching of teachers. To achieve this purpose of assessment, we have to search the methods of assessment. This paper is aimed to develop the open-ended problems that are the alternative to traditional test, apply them to classroom and analyze the result of assessment. 4-types open-ended problems are developed by criteria of development. It is open process problem, open result problem, problem posing problem, open decision problem. 6 grade elementary students who are picked in 2 schools participated in assessment using open-ended problems. Scoring depends on the fluency, flexibility, originality The result are as follows; The rate of fluency is 2.14, The rate of flexibility is 1.30, and The rate of originality is 0.11 Furthermore, the rate of originality is very low. Problem posing problem is the highest in the flexibility and open result problem is the highest in the flexibility. Between general mathematical problem solving ability and fluency, flexibility have the positive correlation. And Pearson correlational coefficient of between general mathematical problem solving ability and fluency is 0.437 and that of between general mathematical problem solving ability and flexibility is 0.573. So I conclude that open ended problems are useful and effective in mathematics assessment.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.207-226
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to design and develop the processes of tasks and assessment rubrics of open-ended tasks, and those for the 5th graders of elementary school mathematics. 7 tasks were finally developed, and 'problem understanding', 'problem solving process', 'communication' were selected as the criteria for assessment rubrics. The result was that the ability of mathematical power covering problem understanding ability, problem solving ability and mathematical communication ability was low. Specifically, problem understanding ability was the highest, problem solving ability was middle, and mathematical communication ability was the lowest.

• 현장과학교육
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.271-282
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• 2019

본 연구는 인공지능을 활용한 서술형 평가 문항 자동채점 프로그램 WA3I을 개발하였으며, 이 프로그램이 학습 지원 도구로서 활용되기 위한 방안에 대하여 논하였다. 먼저 컴퓨터를 활용한 서술형 평가 자동채점에 대한 기존 연구들을 정리하고, 본 연구에서 개발한 서술형 평가 자동채점 프로그램 WA3I의 개발 과정을 소개하였다. 본 연구에서는 31개의 서술형 평가 문항을 개발하고 이에 대한 학생의 응답을 수집하였으며, 이 중 컴퓨터와 전문가 채점간의 일치도가 높은 19개의 문항에 대한 자동채점 모델을 개발하였다. 이 자동채점 모델로 채점 가능한 유사 문항 11개를 더 개발하여 총 30개의 문항을 웹상에서 WA3I ver.1 으로 구현하였다. 효과적인 교수·학습을 위해 본 연구에서 개발된 서술형 자동채점 프로그램 WA3I ver.1의 개선 과제 및 추후 연구 방향에 대해 논하였다. 이러한 내용은 현장과학교사들의 평가 계획 및 실행에 영향을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.163-175
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• 2004

We believe new assessment strategies and practices need to be developed that will enable teachers and others to assess students' performance in a manner that reflect the 7th Korean curriculum reform vision for school mathematics. This research was conducted to develop the assessment tasks based on the current literatures such as National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (1999) and Korea Institute of Curriculum & Evaluation(KICE, 2002, 2003) in quadratic functions of the secondary school and to find the effect of these tasks by classifying students' responses. The research instrument were composed of three criteria, the previous knowledge, the application of quadratic functions, and the general properties in functions. The research data were collected from 32 high school students in a suburb of Seoul and sorted by their similarities and differences in mathematical understanding. Through the research, we could know more than ever before about how the students learned mathematics and about how to improve teachers' mathematical instruction.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.117-134
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 초등학교 수학과 교수학습에서 창의성 신장을 위하여 초등학교 교실에서 활용이 가능한 수학 과제의 유형을 분류하여 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 창의성이 풍부한 과제의 제시를 학생들의 창의적 사고를 신장시키는데 가장 중요한 부분의 하나로 보고 창의성 신장을 위한 과제의 특성과 이들을 유형별로 분류하였다. 이를 위해 그 동안 창의성과 관련하여 연구되어 온 논문과 자료들을 분석하기 위하여 미국 조지아대학의 GIL과 국내의 논문 탐색을 통하여 창의성 관련 자료를 추출하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 수학 과제를 창의성의 요소인 독창성, 융통성, 유창성, 정교성, 민감성의 5가지의 속성을 포함하는 4가지 표현 방식에 16과제의 유형으로 분류할 수 있었다. 그리고 과제 유형과 함께 학생들의 창의성 신장을 효과적으로 돕기 위해 고려해야 할 사항들을 제안을 하였다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.73-95
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• 2000

In this study, on the basis of the seventh national mathematics curriculum, the achievement standards were developed to specify the objectives and contents of teaching-learning at the first and second elementary school mathematics. The assessment standards were also developed to differentiate students’ levels of achievement with ‘high’, ‘mid’ and ‘low’ categories. Furthermore, this stuffy suggested the exemplary test items including short-answer and open-ended questions while putting emphasis on students' real performance to increase their ability in solving problems rather than in calculating. In addition to the test items, it introduced the grading system developed to grade the items with concrete guidelines and to report students' achievement on doing mathematics.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.265-275
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• 2003

이 연구에서는 평가 방법에 따라 여학생과 남학생의 과학 성취도가 각각 어떤 차이를 보이는지 파악함으로써 여학생들과 남학생들의 과학 성취 능력에 대해 올바르게 인식하는 데 도움을 주고자 한다. 이를 위해 서울 소재 중학교 전학년 학생 1,487명의 2000년 과학 성적을 분석하여 평가 방법에 따른 성 차이 경향, 성취 수준별 평가 방법에 따른 성 차이 경향, 성별 평가 방법 사이의 상관 관계등을 알아보았다. 이 학교의 과학 성적에는 지필 검사 위주의 1, 2학기 중간과 기말 고사 및 수행 평가가 포함되었다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체 과학 성취도에 있어 7학년은 여학생이 남학생보다 유의미하게 높은 결과를 나타냈으나. 8, 9학년은 의미 있는 성 차이를 보이지 않았다. 둘째, 객관식 문항의 경우 7, 8, 9학년 모두 남녀 학생 간 과학 성취도에 있어 의미 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 주관식 문항에서는 7학년의 경우 여학생의 과학 성취도가 남학생보다 유의미하게 높았으나. 8, 9학년에서는 의미 있는 성 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 반면, 수행 평가의 경우 3개 학년 모두 여학생이 의미 있는 차이를 보이며 남학생보다 높은 성취도를 나타냈다. 셋째, 상, 중, 하 성취 집단 모두 객관식 문항에서는 남학생이 유의미하게 높은 성취도를 보였고, 주관식 문항에서는 성 차이가 나타나지 않은 반면, 수행 평가에서는 세 집단 모두 여학생이 유의미하게 높은 성취도를 보였다. 넷째, 상위 10% 이내의 학생 집단의 경우 전체적인 과학 성취도 결과와 그 경향이 전혀 달라, 이들 최상위권 학생들의 경우 모든 학년에서 객관식과 주관식 문항은 물론이고 수행 평가에서도 성별 성취도 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 다섯째, 전체 과학 성취도와 평가 방법들과의 상관 관계를 살펴본 결과, 남녀 학생 모두 모든 학년에 걸쳐 전체 과학 성취도와 가장 큰 상관 관계가 있는 평가 유형은 객관식 문항인 것으로 나타난 반면, 전체 과학 성취도와 가장 작은 상관 관계가 잇는 평가 유형은 수행 평가인 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 평가 방법과 전체 과학 성취도 결과와의 상관 관계는 성별로 다소 다른 경향을 보였는데, 여학생보다는 남학생의 경우 수행 평가와 전체 과학 성취도와의 상관 관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 수행 평가가 학생들의 능력을 더욱 타당하게 평가할 수 있다는 기존의 연구 결과에 비추어 볼 때, 이 연구에서 여학생들이 남학생들에 비해 수행 평가에서 높은 성취도를 보인 점은 매우 주목할 만하다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.210-216
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• 1996

Assessment of science laboratory environment was conducted with 539 students at middle and high school. Science Laboratory Environment Inventory(SLEI) was used as an instrument. The major findings of this study are as follows. 1. Mean scores obtained on each scale in the actual and preferred version of SLEI were relatively low, particularly on the scale of open-endedness, integration, and material environment. 2. Mean scores obtained on each scale in the actual version were lower than those in the preferred version. Score differences between actual version and preferred one were found to be significant statistically. 3. Boys and high school students perceived their laboratory environment with more open-endedness and less rule clarity than girls and middle school students respectively. 4. Girls preferred student cohesiveness at their laboratory more than boys. Highschool students wanted open-ended environment more than middleschool students. 5. Each scale of SLEI showed significant correlation with the scores of attitudes toward science. Particularly open-endedness was found to account for a significant contribution to the affective outcomes.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.203-241
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• 2000

This study aims to suggest a model of task development for mathematics performance assessment and to develop performance tasks for the fifth graders in the primary school on the basis of this model. In order to achieve these aims, the following inquiry questions were set up: (1) to develop open-ended tasks and projects for the fifth graders, (2) to develop checklists for measuring the abilities of mathematical reasoning, problem solving, connection, communication of the fifth graders more deeply when performance assessment tasks are implemented and (3) to examine the appropriateness of performance tasks and checklists and to modify them when is needed through applying these tasks to pupils. The consequences of applying some tasks and analysing some work samples of pupils are as follows. Firstly, pupils need more diverse thinking ability. Secondly, pupils want in the ability of analysing the meaning of mathematical concepts in relation to real world. Thirdly, pupils can calculate precisely but they want in the ability of explaining their ideas and strategies. Fourthly, pupils can find patterns in sequences of numbers or figures but they have difficulty in generalizing these patterns, predicting and demonstrating. Fifthly, pupils are familiar with procedural knowledge more than conceptual knowledge. From these analyses, it is concluded that performance tasks and checklists developed in this study are improved assessment tools for measuring mathematical abilities of pupils, and that we should improve mathematics instruction for pupils to understand mathematical concepts deeply, solve problems, reason mathematically, connect mathematics to real world and other disciplines, and communicate about mathematics.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2008

Objectives: To determine the factors affecting the assessment of Oriental medical institutions under the Oriental Medical Institution Assessment System and thereupon, provide for some basic data and alternative measures for assessment of Oriental medical institutions. Methods: The researcher sampled 320 people employed by 26 Oriental medical institutions designated as model Oriental medical institutions subject to assessment in 2008 and 2009 and thereupon, used a structured and open-ended survey table for them to collect the data. The size of the final sample was n=302. Results: The Oriental medical institution staff were highly aware of the Oriental medical institution assessment (OMIA), After adjusting the other factors by multiple regression, the factors affecting such recognition were different significantly depending on age (those in their 30's), types of job (nurses and treatment assistants) and locations of hospital (GyeongSang-do). The staff expected the OMIA could helpful for improving facilities and system of hospitals, thus promoting satisfaction of patients. To do so, they felt it necessary to develop an assessment scale reflecting the special conditions besetting the Oriental medical institutions as well as the indices for improvement of Oriental medical service quality. Conclusion: It is hoped that this study will be followed up by future studies which will comparatively analyze Oriental medical institution staff's perception of the assessment system before and after its operation and thereby, suggest some ideal policy alternatives for assessment of the Oriental medical institutions. Furthermore, future studies are requested to research into Oriental medical institution staff's needs and consumers' needs as well in consideration of the characteristics of the Oriental medical institutions and thereupon, suggest some alternatives for continued education, development of the assessment tools, methods and policies.