• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2004

Pseudomonas sp. S-47 is a bacterium capable of degrading benzoate as well as 4-chlorobenzoate (4CBA). Benzoate and 4CBA are known to be degraded via a meta-cleavage pathway characterized by a series of enzymes encoded by xyl genes. The meta-cleavage pathway operon in Pseudomonas sp. S-47 encodes a set of enzymes which transform benzoate and 4CBA into TCA cycle intermediates via the meta-cleavage of (4-chloro )catechol to produce pyruvate and acetyl-CoA. In the current study, the meta-pathway gene cluster was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of S-47 strain to obtain pCS1, which included the degradation activities for 4CBA and catechol. The genetic organization of the operon was then examined by cloning the meta-pathway genes into a pBluescript SKII(+) vector. As such, the meta-pathway operon from Pseudomonas sp. S-47 was found to contain 13 genes in the order of xylXYZLTEGFlQKIH. The two regulatory genes, xylS and xylR, that control the expression of the meta-pathway operon, were located adjacently downstream of the meta-pathway operon. The xyl genes from strain S-47 exhibited a high nucleoside sequence homology to those from Pseudomonas putida mt-2, except for the xylJQK genes, which were more homologous to the corresponding three genes from P. stutzeri AN10. One open reading frame was found between the xylH and xylS genes, which may playa role of a transposase. Accordingly, the current results suggest that the xyl gene cluster in Pseudomonas sp. S-47 responsible for the complete degradation of benzoate was recombined with the corresponding genes from P. putida mt-2 and P. stutzeri AN10.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1581-1586
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• 2009

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of two types of housing systems and early age feed restriction on stress and fear reactions, and performance in broiler chickens raised in a hot, humid tropical climate. On day 1, chicks were housed either in windowless environmentally controlled chambers (temperature was set at 32$^{\circ}C$ on day 1 and gradually reduced to 23$^{\circ}C$ by day 21) or in conventional open-sided houses (OH) with cyclic temperatures (minimum, 24$^{\circ}C$; maximum, 34$^{\circ}C$). An equal number of chicks from each housing system was subjected to either ad libitum feeding (AL) or 60% feed restriction on day 4, 5 and 6 (FR). The CH birds showed greater weight gain, higher feed consumption and better feed conversion ratios (FCR) than their OH counterparts. Feeding regimen had negligible effect on overall performance. Neither housing nor feeding regimen had a significant (p<0.05) effect on mortality rate. Although the CH birds were less stressed, as measured by plasma corticosterone concentration (CORT), than those of OH, the former showed longer TI duration suggesting higher magnitude of underlying fearfulness. A significant (p<0.05) effect of housing on heterophil/lymphocyte ratios was only noted among the AL birds where the CH birds had higher values than OH. Collectively, these results suggest that although OH birds had poorer performance and higher level of stress than CH, the former were less fearful. Although FR had negligible effect on growth performance, the regimen alleviated both stress and fear reactions in broilers.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.26-37
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• 2017

본 연구는 대학생의 창의 인성 구성요인과 특징을 이론적, 경험적으로 구축하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 이론적 접근을 통해 창의 인성의 개념 및 구조와 관련된 선행연구를 종합하고, 이를 바탕으로 대학생 창의 인성에 대한 연구자 회의와 자문회의, 교육 전문가 및 예술교육전문가 70명을 대상으로 심층인터뷰와 개방형 설문을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 대학생이 갖추어야할 창의 인성으로서 창의성은 인지적 창의성과 정의적 창의성, 인성은 도덕적 인성, 사회적 인성, 감성적 인성으로 분류되었다. 특히 대학생 창의 인성은 창의성영역에 비해 인성영역의 중요성을 강조하고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 대학생의 창의 인성에 대한 새로운 관점을 제시하고, 나아가 후속연구로서 대학생 창의 인성 측정도구 개발을 위한 연구방향을 설정하는 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 또한 대학교육현장에서 질적으로 고양된 교육공학 및 교수학습방안 마련에 기여할 이론적․경험적 토대를 구축할 것으로 사료된다. 이와 함께 창의 인성교육의 목적을 지닌 교양교육 및 관련교육자와 상담자, 평가자들에게 유용한 자료로서 응용적 활용을 기대한다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.20-42
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 2013년 개장(1-1단계 완공 예정)하게 될 인천신항의 동북아시아 지역 내에서 환적기능을 가지는 항만으로 성장가능성을 확인해 보는 것을 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 연구 방법론은 신제품 도입 시 미래의 경쟁시장 및 경쟁상황을 예측하려고 할때 자주 사용되는 컨조인트 분석을 사용하여, 미주-북중국간, 유럽-북중국간 항로 운항시 주요 환적기지로 인천신항과 비교대상 항만들 간의 환적서비스 경쟁력을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 분석 결과 인천신항은 향후 국외 경쟁항만과의 환적물동량 유치를 위한 경쟁에서는 부산항과 상해항의 해상환적비용, 항만비용에 따라 유동적인 포지셔닝을 가짐을 확인 할 수 있다. 국내 경쟁항만간 환적물동량을 유치하기 위해서는 인천신항을 하드웨어와 소프트웨어 측면의 첨단자동화 항만으로 건설하고, 프로세스의 효율성을 높여 환적작업 시 체선율을 감소시켜 국내 타 경쟁항만 대비 환적서비스 경쟁력을 높여야 한다. 반면에 국외 경쟁항만간 환적항만으로서의 경쟁력 우위를 선점하기 위해서는 해상환적비용을 타 항만 대비 저렴한 수준을 유지하며, 효율적인 환적네트워크 뿐만 아니라 항만 인근 풍부한 배후단지를 통해 물동량 확보 및 접근이 용이하여 고객 수요를 충족 시켜줄 수 있는 환적 허브항만을 목표로 발전해야 할 것이다.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.20-32
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to set up an anomaly detection criteria for sensor data coming from a motorcycle. Methods: Five sensor values for accelerator pedal, engine rpm, transmission rpm, gear and speed are obtained every 0.02 second from a motorcycle. Exploratory data analysis is used to find any pattern in the data. Traditional process control methods such as X control chart and time series models are fitted to find any anomaly behavior in the data. Finally unsupervised learning algorithm such as k-means clustering is used to find any anomaly spot in the sensor data. Results: According to exploratory data analysis, the distribution of accelerator pedal sensor values is very much skewed to the left. The motorcycle seemed to have been driven in a city at speed less than 45 kilometers per hour. Traditional process control charts such as X control chart fail due to severe autocorrelation in each sensor data. However, ARIMA model found three abnormal points where they are beyond 2 sigma limits in the control chart. We applied a copula based Markov chain to perform statistical process control for correlated observations. Copula based Markov model found anomaly behavior in the similar places as ARIMA model. In an unsupervised learning algorithm, large sensor values get subdivided into two, three, and four disjoint regions. So extreme sensor values are the ones that need to be tracked down for any sign of anomaly behavior in the sensor values. Conclusion: Exploratory data analysis is useful to find any pattern in the sensor data. Process control chart using ARIMA and Joe's copula based Markov model also give warnings near similar places in the data. Unsupervised learning algorithm shows us that the extreme sensor values are the ones that need to be tracked down for any sign of anomaly behavior.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.210-222
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• 2011

In this work, we study the problem of privacy-preservation data publishing in moving objects databases. In particular, the trajectory of a mobile user in a plane is no longer a polyline in a two-dimensional space, instead it is a two-dimensional surface of fixed width $2A_{min}$, where $A_{min}$ defines the semi-diameter of the minimum spatial circular extent that must replace the real location of the mobile user on the XY-plane, in the anonymized (kNN) request. The desired anonymity is not achieved and the entire system becomes vulnerable to attackers, since a malicious attacker can observe that during the time, many of the neighbors' ids change, except for a small number of users. Thus, we reinforce the privacy model by clustering the mobile users according to their motion patterns in (u, ${\theta}$) plane, where u and ${\theta}$ define the velocity measure and the motion direction (angle) respectively. In this case, the anonymized (kNN) request looks up neighbors, who belong to the same cluster with the mobile requester in (u, ${\theta}$) space: Thus, we know that the trajectory of the k-anonymous mobile user is within this surface, but we do not know exactly where. We transform the surface's boundary poly-lines to dual points and we focus on the information distortion introduced by this space translation. We develop a set of efficient spatiotemporal access methods and we experimentally measure the impact of information distortion by comparing the performance results of the same spatiotemporal range queries executed on the original database and on the anonymized one.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2016

As entry barriers at the legal service market in Korea have been recently lifted, the legal service market has dramatically changed from a seller's market to a buyer's market. Externally, the Korean legal service market has been open to foreign law firms and internally, lawyers graduating from law schools have been increasing. In addition, as even the general public can easily access, through the official sites of government organizations, to the basic legal information such as laws and judicial precedents, the degree of information asymmetry has also decreased. These phenomena require the legal service industry to be a more client-oriented and more quality-oriented one. Having said that, legal service providers also need to continue to make strenuous efforts to measure and improve the service quality from the customers' perspective. Under these circumstances, this study introduced a certain type of model which may be of help of measuring and improving the quality of legal service of law firms, in particular, with a focus on those firms providing corporate legal service. This study used a Quality Function Deployment (QFD) in order to measure and thereby improve the quality of corporate legal service in the law firm industry. Above all, this study showed, by using SERVQUAL, each and every service attributes of quality measurement of the corporate legal service and also calculated the degree of importance of service quality at each process of providing corporate legal service. Next, this study introduced all supporting factors necessary for the provision of corporate legal service and calculated the degree of importance of each and every supporting factors in the service process. This study may be of help to provide the substantial and systematic approaches to the corporate legal service providers who would like to set up a certain methods of measuring and further improving the quality of corporate legal service from the customers' perspective.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.730-741
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• 2005

층위 구조 아키텍처는 프로그램을 일반성에 따라 분할하는 모듈 구성의 방법이다. 본 논문은 객체지향 프로그램으로부터 층위 구조 아키텍처를 복구하고 아키텍처 문서와의 일치성을 검사하는 방법을 제시한다. 객체지향 프로그램에서의 층위구조 스타일 규칙을 기술하기 위해, 모듈 간 사용 관계에 기반한 모듈들의 부분 순서 집합을 구성하며, 재정의 관계를 통해 모듈 간 층위 관계를 정의한다. 또한, 층위 관계의 의미를 설계 패턴에서의 예를 통해 설명한다. 프로그램으로부터 층위 구조 아키텍처를 복구하기 위한 절차를 기술하며, 복구를 위한 메타 모델을 제시한다. 이를 기반으로 공개 소스 프로젝트를 통해 개발된 소프트웨어의 소스코드들로부터 층위 구조 아키텍처를 복구하고, 복구된 아키텍처로부터 발견된 층위 관계의 의미와 아키텍처 문서와의 불일치 부분들에 대해 논의한다. 검사를 통해 아키텍처 문서와 일치하지 않는 부분들이 발견하였고, 이를 조사한 결과 이들이 층위 구조 아키텍처에서 허용 가능한 예외로 여겨지지만 아키텍트가 이들 부분에 대한 변경을 주의 깊게 관리할 필요가 있다는 것을 지적하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.2305-2311
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• 2017

최근들어 공공 정보화와 함께 정부기관, 지자체 및 다양한 정부산하기관에서 보유하고 있는 데이터를 공개하고 있는 추세이다. 즉, 공공기관이 업무수행의 결과물로 생성 및 수집한 다양한 전자화된 형태의 데이터를 공공데이터 포털사이트에서 개방하고 있다. 하지만 이를 사용하는 사용자는 데이터 형식의 이해와 데이터 처리 지식의 부족, 데이터에 대한 접근과 관리의 어려움, 수집 및 저장한 데이터의 이해를 위한 시각화 기술의 부족 등으로 빅데이터의 활용에 제한을 받고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다양한 공공 사이트에서 제공하는 빅데이터를 데이터셋의 URL 및 API를 사용하여 데이터 포맷에 관계없이 데이터를 수집하며, 수집된 데이터를 XML 구조를 이용하여 재가공하여 데이터베이스화하며, 데이터 융합을 통한 시각화가 가능하도록 하는 공공 빅데이터 수집, 선별 저장 및 시각화 플랫폼을 제안한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.185-187
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• 2000

Fault current is flowed into 154/23kV M. Tr when line-to-ground fault occurs in power system. NGR(Neutral Grounded Reactor) is set up in order to prevent M.Tr fault by limiting magnitude of fault currents. Here, disconnection of NGR causes voltage increase by L-C resonance and line-to-ground fault in an unearthed system results in voltage increase at healthy phases. So Over Voltage Ground Relay(OVGR) is used for tripping M.Tr. Also, buses at second phases of M.Trs are all connected with section circuit breakers closed for the purpose of parallel operation and load shedding. In case of speciality buses are comprised of power cable in part for GIS connection. When no-load charged cable or bus is open by a section CB, unbalanced voltage charged on the bus is induced. Also discrepant opening time for circuit breakers on different phases gives rise to unbalanced zero sequence voltage. It was observed that this zero sequence voltage detected in the 22.9kV P.T (Potential Transformer for bus) mal-operated 59GT and tripped M.Tr. The zero sequence voltage of which vanishing time is longer than relay operating time came out by EMTDC simulation. Also, it was shown that the voltage waves of actual test are similar to those of simulation. On the basis of above results, R-C circuit complement on the relay without any effect on a power system made operating time of the relay longer than vanishing time of distorted waves. Consequently, operating time of the relay was delayed and magnitude of distorted waves was decreased by increasing time constant of the relay.