• Title/Summary/Keyword: oocyte development

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Role of Type 1 Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate Receptors in Mammalian Oocytes

  • Yoon, Sook Young
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2019
  • The ability of oocytes to undergo normal fertilization and embryo development is acquired during oocyte maturation which is transition from the germinal vesicle stage (GV), germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) to metaphase of meiosis II (MII). Part of this process includes redistribution of inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R), a predominant $Ca^{2+}$ channel on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Type 1 IP3R (IP3R1) is expressed in mouse oocytes dominantly. At GV stage, IP3R1 are arranged as a network throughout the cytoplasm with minute accumulation around the nucleus. At MII stage, IP3R1 diffuses to the entire cytoplasm in a more reticular manner, and obvious clusters of IP3R1 are observed at the cortex of the egg. This structural reorganization provides acquisition of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ oscillatory activity during fertilization. In this review, general properties of IP3R1 in somatic cells and mammalian oocyte are introduced.

Nucleo-cytoplasmic Interactions of Bovine Oocytes and Embryos Following Nuclear Transplantation (핵이식에 의한 소 난자 및 초기배의 핵-세포질의 상호작용에 관한 연구)

  • 김정익;양부근;정희태
    • Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.287-294
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    • 1994
  • This study was to investigate the effects of electrofusion, activation and developmental stage of donor embryos on in vitro development of nuclear transplant bovine embryos. A single blastomere nucleus from 8-cell to morula stage embryos produced by in vitro fertilization(IVF) was transferred into a recipient oocyte enucleated at 23∼25 h after in vitro maturation(IVM) or into a recipient oocyte enucleated and cultured for 14∼15 h. In one experiment the nuclear transplant embryos were subjected to additional activation treatments. Fusion rate of nuclear transplant eggs was high at direct current(D.C) voltages of 1.0 and 1.5 kV/cm 991.5 and 93.3%, respectively), but decreased at 2.0kV/cm (81.8%). Additional activation treatments by electric pulases or 7% ethanol did not affect the cleavage and development of nuclear transplant embryos. Development of nuclear transplant embryos slightly increased by delayed nuclear transfer and fusion (42∼43 h after IVM). With this system, blastocysts were obtained from transfer of 8-cell to morula stage donor nuclei (9.6%∼2.4%). The result of this study suggests that nucleo-cytoplasmic interactins, expecially activation of ooplast are very important for the development of nuclear transplant embryos, and donor cell stage does not affect the development of nuclear transplant embryos.

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Detrimental Effect of Bovine Serum Albumin in a Maturation Medium on Embryonic Development after Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer in Pigs

  • Lee, Hanna;Lee, Yongjin;Park, Bola;Elahi, Fazle;Lee, Joohyeong;Choi, Jung Hoon;Lee, Seung Tae;Park, Choon-Keun;Hyun, Sang-Hwan;Lee, Eunsong
    • Journal of Embryo Transfer
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.361-368
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    • 2014
  • This study was designed to evaluate the effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a maturation medium on oocyte maturation and embryonic development in pigs. Immature pig oocytes were matured for 44 h in a medium supplemented with 0.4% (w/v) BSA, 0.1% (w/v) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or 10% (v/v) pig follicular fluid (PFF). After IVM, oocytes reached metaphase II stage were activated for parthenogenesis (PA) or used as cytoplasts for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Nuclear maturation (89.5%, 90.7% and 91.3% for BSA, PVA and PFF, respectively) and intraoocyte glutathione contents (1.20, 1.16 and 1.00 pixels/oocyte for BSA, PVA and PFF, respectively) were not altered by the macromolecules added to maturation medium. IVM of oocytes in a medium containing BSA (21.4%) and PVA (20.7%) showed significantly lower blastocyst formation after PA than culture in medium with PFF (39.2%). After SCNT, oocytes matured in medium with BSA showed decreased embryonic development to the blastocyst stage (9.2%) compared to those matured in medium with PFF (28.9%), while 23.6% of SCNT oocytes matured in medium with PVA developed to the blastocyst stage. When the effect of BSA in a maturation medium during the first 22 h and the second 22 h of IVM in combination with PFF or PVA was examined, PVA-BSA showed a higher nuclear maturation (94.1%) than BSA-PFF (84.5%). However, there was no significant difference in the blastocyst formation among tested combinations (47.3, 52.2, 50.0, 44.4 and 49.0% for PFF-PFF, PFF-BSA, PVA-BSA, BSA-PVA and BSA-PFF, respectively). Our results demonstrate that BSA and PVA added to maturation medium can support oocyte maturation comparable to PFF-supplemented medium. However, maturation of oocytes in a BSA-containing medium decreases embryonic development after PA and SCNT when compared with the medium supplemented with PFF.

The Comparison of Clinical Outcomes between GnRH Agonist Long Protocol and GnRH Antagonist Short Protocol in Oocyte Donation Cycles (난자공여를 통한 체외수정 시술에서 성선자극호르몬 유리호르몬 효능제 장기요법과 길항제 단기요법 사이의 임상 결과 비교)

  • Rhee, Jeong-Ho;Park, Joon-Chul;Kim, Jong-In
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.95-103
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    • 2003
  • Objective : To assess and compare the clinical outcomes between GnRH agonist long protocol and GnRH antagonist short protocol in oocyte donation program. Materials and Methods: Of total 18 oocyte donation cycles, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) were performed with GnRH agonist long protocol and GnRH antagonist short protocol in initial 9 cycles and later 9 cycles, respectively. Oral estradiol valerate and progesterone in oil we re administrated to all recipients for endometrial preparation. Oral estradiol administration was started from donor cycle day 1 after full shut down of gonadal axis with GnRH agonist in patients with ovarian function. Progesterone was injected from oocyte retrieval day of donor initially, then continuously till pregnancy 12 weeks if pregnancy was ongoing. We compared the parameters of clinical outcomes, such as number of the retrieved oocytes, fertilization rate, high grade embryo production rate, clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, COH duration, total gonadotropin dose for COH between GnRH agonist long protocol group and GnRH antagonist group. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney test, p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The number of retrieved oocytes, fertilization rate, high grade embryo production rate, clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, ongoing pregnancy rate were $14.89{\pm}7.83$, 81%, 64%, 78%, 31%, 78%, respectively in GnRHa long protocol group and $11.22{\pm}8.50$, 79%, 64%, 67%, 34%, 56%, respectively in GnRH antagonist group. There was no significant differences in parameters of clinical outcomes between 2 groups (all p value >0.05). Duration and total gonadotropin dose for COH were $10.94{\pm}1.70$ days and $43.78{\pm}6.8$ vials in 18 cycles, $12.00{\pm}1.73$ days and $48.00{\pm}6.93$ vials in agonist group, $9.88{\pm}0.78$ days and $39.55{\pm}3.13$ vials in antagonist group, respectively. In GnRH agonist long protocol group, significantly longer duration and higher gonadotropin dose for COH were needed (p=0.012). Conclusion: In oocyte donation program, clinical outcomes from controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with GnRH antagonist were comparable to those from GnRH agonist long protocol group, so controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with GnRH antagonist may be effective as GnRH agonist long protocol. At least there may not be harmful effects of GnRH antagonist on oocyte development and quality.

Successful In Vitro Development of Preantral Follicles Isolated from Vitrified Mouse Whole Ovaries

  • Kim, Dong-Hoon;No, Jin-Gu;Park, Jong-Ju;Park, Jin-Ki;Yoo, Jae Gyu
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.255-260
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to assess follicular viability and competence through in vitro culture of preantral follicles isolated from vitrified mouse whole ovaries. Mouse preantral follicles were enzymatically isolated from vitrified- warmed and fresh ovaries and cultured for 10 days followed by in vitro oocyte maturation. In vitro matured oocytes were fertilized and cultured to the blastocyst stage. Five minutes pre-exposure to vitrification solution of whole ovaries had significantly higher (p<0.05) oocyte survival and maturation rates than between 10 min exposure groups. Oocyte diameter was significantly smaller (p<0.05) in the 5 and 10 min exposure groups ($69.4{\pm}2.8$ and $67.8{\pm}3.1$) when compared to that of control group ($71.7{\pm}2.1$). There was no statistical significant difference in blastocyst development rates between vitrification group (8.6%) and the fresh control group (12.0%). The mean number of cells per blastocyst was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the vitrification group ($41.9{\pm}20.2$) than in the fresh control group ($55.1{\pm}22.5$). The results show that mouse oocytes within preantral follicles isolated from the vitrified whole ovaries can achieve full maturation, normal fertilization and embryo development.

Effect of Addition of ESCM and ESM during In Vitro Maturation on In Vitro Development of Porcine Follicular Oocytes (돼지 난포란으로부터 배반포의 체외생산에 있어서 체외성숙시 기초배양액에 ESCM과 ESM의 첨가효과)

  • Kim, Seok-Gi;Park, Hum-Dai
    • Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.205-211
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    • 2019
  • In this study, we investigated the possibility of using mouse embryonic stem cell conditioned medium (ESCM) and embryonic stem cell medium (ESM) for in vitro maturation in the efficient in vitro production of blastocysts from porcine follicular oocyte. Depending on the concentration of supplement of ESCM added to the NCSU-23 solution did not affect 2-cell development rates and blastocysts development. However, in particular, the survival rate (10 days of culture) of blastocyst was significantly higher than that of the control group as the additive concentration (30%) increased (p < 0.05). The survival rate of blastocysts showed a similar tendency even with addition of ESM (30%) alone. On the other hand, the duration of the addition of these additives during IVM (0-44 h) was that the IVM I period (0-22 h) were more effective than the IVM II period (22-44 h). Thus, the effect of these additives is probably due to the combination of the various physiologically active substances of ESCM or the appropriate amino acids and vitamins of ESM. In particular, these additives were more effective during the first half (IVM I) of in vitro maturation. In summary, optimization of ESCM or ESM supplementation may improve in vitro maturation of porcine oocyte and affect developmental competency. Therefore, if more efficient methods of adding ESCM or ESM to basal culture medium can be developed during in vitro maturation of porcine follicle oocytes, high quality blastocysts will be developed from low porcine follicular oocyte compared to other domestic animals.