• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.362-374
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• 2013

ICTs(Information and Communication Technologies) have changed the ways of social activities and communications, and in the process, online and offline spaces have been thought of as binary spaces in which online spaces substitute and erode offline spaces. The aim of this study is to explore how urban space where local social activities and communications are performed is constructed in terms of timespace through the intersection of online and offline communications and how the urban space is 'remediated' through online spaces. For this, the study looks at the case of a workshop on 'locality education' held at the Yeungnam University Museum in January 2013. Criticizing the dichotomist viewpoint that increasing in communications through online spaces results in the expansion of 'absent presence' or 'placelessness' in offline spaces, the study argues that online spaces remediating offline spaces are spaces not transcending the timespace constraints of the offline spaces but rather reflecting the spatial, temporal, material, social, cultural environments of urban space and place.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.687-700
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• 2021

The advent of realistic technologies such as AR has extended the interaction area from the computer environment to the offline space. As demand is expected to increase in the future, the need for study on interactive storytelling that mediates online and offline is emerging. This study proposes a storytelling structure to achieve a balance between interactivity and narrativity in interactive narrative characterized by online and offline mediation. According to a case study of ARG and AR games based on Henry Jenkins' theory of 'Environmental Storytelling', there should be a balance between the space designed by the game designer and the space created by the player's interaction, and the roles should be properly distributed in both online and offline spaces to contribute to the formation of narrative together. In addition, it is necessary to borrow the characteristics of ARG that achieves a balance of interactivity and narrativity based on offline spatiality. The significance of this study is to expand the area of interactive storytelling, which has been discussed centering on online, to offline, and to suggest the interaction area as a factor to consider. In addition, as a basic study related to storytelling that mediates online and offline, it is expected to provide a direction for the development of content based on realistic technologies.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.83-97
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• 2014

With NFC technology, visitors can easily enjoy exhibit-related information and services. The participating firms can accumulate the visitor data and build up networks with potential visitors. This paper is to report an implementation and operation case of an NFC-based exhibition support service which creates new value as above. For this objective, we introduce the issues in constructing NFC-based exhibition support service. Moreover, we analyze visitor behaviors based on the tag touch data collected, and calculate the economic values generated. The NFC-based exhibition support service in this paper was applied to Hyundai Motors' booth in the 2013 Seoul Motor Show. This paper concludes with implications for business operators that are interested in applying NFC technology to exhibition spaces.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.39-54
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• 2017

This study started from the consciousness that the community media practice studies have been confined to the traditional terrestrial broadcasting. The following research results and implications were obtained by analyzing Daedeok-valley Radio's case to elucidate characteristics of online-based community media and content production and distribution characteristics neglected in previous researches. First, online community media activities are civic/citizen media activities that capture the value of local communities, and this locality is realized through media content production and its online distribution. Second, contents of online community media link members of the community, and individuals become nodes, interacting both online and offline. Therefore, online-based citizen media activities can be utilized effectively as a means to enhance civic participation and to achieve the locality of community in online and offline spaces depending on strategies for online contents production and distribution. Utilizing online infrastructures for media content creation and distribution in Korea demonstrates potential opportunities of local online media to be considered as niche media that can increase its own sustainability.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.249-269
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• 2020

Recently, as the online market has matured, it is facing many problems to prevent the growth. The most common problem is the homogenization of online products, which fails to increase the number of customers any more. Moreover, although the portion of the online market has increased significantly, it now becomes essential to expand offline for further development. In response, many online firms have recently sought to expand their businesses and marketing channels by securing offline spaces that can complement the limitations of online platforms, on top of their existing advantages of online channels. Based on their competitive advantage in terms of analyzing large volumes of customer data utilizing information technologies (e.g., big data and artificial intelligence), they are reinforcing their offline influence as well through this online for offline (O4O) business model. On the other hand, most of the existing research has primarily focused on online to offline (O2O) business model, and there is still a lack of research on O4O business models, which have been actively attempted in various industrial fields in recent years. Since a few of O4O-related studies have been conducted only in an experience marketing setting following a case study method, it is critical to conduct an empirical study on O4O selection attributes and their impact on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Therefore, focusing on China's representative O4O business model, 'Fresh Hema,' this study attempts to identify some key selection attributes specialized for O4O services from the customers' viewpoint and examine the impact of these attributes on customer satisfaction and loyalty. The results of the structural equation modeling (SEM) with 300 O4O (Fresh Hema) experienced customers, reveal that, out of seven O4O selection attributes, four (mobile app quality, mobile payment, product quality, and store facilities) have an impact on customer satisfaction, which also leads to customer loyalty (reuse intention, recommendation intention, and brand attachment). This study would help managers in an O4O area well adapt to rapidly changing customer needs and provide them with some guidelines for enhancing both customer satisfaction and loyalty by allocating more resources to more significant selection attributes, rather than less significant ones.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2022

This article aims to explain the concept and characteristics of the 'Intelligent Science Lab', which is being promoted nationwide in Korea since 2021. The Korean Ministry of Education creates a master plan containing a vision for science education every five years. The most recently announced '4th Master plan for science education (2020-2024)' emphasizes the policy of setting up an 'intelligent science lab' in all elementary and secondary schools as an online and offline space for scientific inquiry using advanced technologies, such as Internet of Things and Augmented and Virtual Reality. The 'Intelligent Science Lab' project is being pursued in two main directions: (1) developing an online platform named 'Intelligent Science Lab-ON' that supports science inquiry classes, and (2) building a science lab space in schools that encourages active student participation while utilizing the online platform. This article presents the key features of the 'Intelligent Science Lab-ON' and the characteristics of intelligent science lab spaces newly built in schools. Furthermore, it introduces inquiry-based science learning programs developed for intelligent science labs. These programs include scientific inquiry activities in which students generate and collect data ('data generation' type), utilize datasets provided by the online platform ('data utilization' type), or utilize open and public data sources ('open data source' type). The Intelligent Science Lab project is expected to not only encourage students to engage in scientific inquiry that solves individual and social problems based on real data, but also contribute to presenting a model of online and offline linked scientific inquiry lessons required in the post-COVID-19 era.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.45-55
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• 2023

Purpose: As one of the continuous studies on the offline distribution industry, the purpose of this study is to find ways for offline stores to respond to the growth of online shopping by identifying research trends on department stores. Research design, data and methodology: To this end, this study conducted word frequency analysis, word co-occurrence frequency analysis, BERTopic, LDA, and dynamic topic modeling using Python 3.7 on a total of 551 English abstracts searched with the keyword 'department store' in scienceON as of October 10, 2022. Results: The results of word frequency analysis and co-occurrence frequency analysis revealed that research related to department stores frequently focuses on factors such as customers, consumers, products, satisfaction, services, and quality. BERTopic and LDA analyses identified five topics, including 'store image,' with 'shopping information' showing relatively high interest, while 'sales systems' were observed to have relatively lower interest. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that research related to department stores has so far been conducted in a limited scope, and it is insufficient to provide clues for department stores to secure competitiveness against online platforms. Therefore, it is suggested that additional research be conducted on topics such as the true role of department stores in the retail industry, consumer reinterpretation, customer value and lifetime value, department stores as future retail spaces, ethical management, and transparent ESG management.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.144-160
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• 2020

Today, the development of innovative technologies is accompanied by changes in the industrial structure and the Big Blur phenomenon, where the boundaries in various fields are blurred. The purpose of this study was to view the Big Blur phenomenon as a big paradigm shift in the 21st century and derive environmental changes and characteristics of the Korean fashion market. The research method included an analysis of the fashion brands after 2015. Through this study, we intended to establish a framework for understanding the changes in the fashion market from the perspective of Big Blur and discuss the direction of brand marketing. The research results showed the hyperlinks, connectivity, openness, homeostasis, synchronicity, mobility, interactivity, and brand experience of online and offline spaces beyond the boundaries of virtual space and offline physical spaces such as online physical and spatial viewpoints. It also showed the characteristics. The characteristics from the socio-cultural point of view were characteristic of diversity, mixture, coexistence, composability, and pluralism beyond the traditional socio-cultural and regulatory scopes. Hip hop fashion, street fashion, unisex, genderless, androgynous fashion, and kid fashion are the backbone of the Big Blur and are becoming important factors in fashion. The characteristics of the market and economic viewpoint are prosumers that play roles both as producers and consumers. It shows the extensibility of consumers as producers, the cohesiveness of producers and consumers, the cooperation, and the interconnectivity.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.220-229
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• 2023

The development of logistics technology due to the 4th Industrial Revolution and logistics 4.0 has changed the logistics environment from offline to online, and the growth of the online market has accelerated due to the recent increase in non-face-to-face delivery due to COVID-19. Such growth in the online market has expanded the logistics market for delivery, and contributes to creating an advanced logistics ecosystem as last mile services and logistics technologies begin to grow together. As traffic and environmental problems arise as a result, interest in transportation means of cargo increases, and changes to cargo electric vehicles and delivery cycles are being considered. However, since mass transportation of transportation focused on terminal delivery such as cargo electric vehicles and delivery cycles is limited in handling large quantities in urban areas, methods for efficiently transporting cargo while considering the environment are being devised. In order to solve such environmental problems and increase the efficiency of logistics delivery in urban areas, technologies using underground spaces based on existing urban railroads are being developed. In this study, a study was conducted on the establishment of evaluation criteria for selecting a test bed, which is a space for applying the system.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.189-202
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• 2011

It is important issue how to evaluate the economic feasibility of computing factors in the real world when we build ubiquitous spaces. In this paper, we propose a simple model that can evaluate the economic feasibility of mobile RFID-based ubiquitous computing system which enables seamless communication between offline and online via embedded computing factors in the real world. To achieve this, we explore the meaning of mobile RFID system, the difference between our research and extant researches concerning the evaluation of economic feasibility in RFID system, and propose the so-called 'Tag-based Evaluation Model' (TEM) which is an evaluation model to access the economic feasibility of mobile RFID systems. We also analyze the TEM via simulation cases based on proposed model and discuss the future of TEM.