• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.344-354
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• 2022

Ombudsmanship is the framework to provide the speedy administrative justice to poor man which is originated in Sweden in the 19^th Century and the modus operandi with modernized arrangement of public grievance redressal. Pakistan has thirteen different Ombudsman Institutions at both Federal and Provincial level with limited public accessibility. This paper presents a collaboration framework for extending the outreach of Ombudsmanship at proverbial doorstep of complainants. This framework has three main components as collaborative arrangements, Proceedings and Resolution of the complaints that increased the public trust. A pilot project titles Swift Complaint Resolution (SCR) was constructed and executed by Federal Ombudsman Secretariat to materialize the concept of speedy redressal of complaints. The SCR project first affirmed the strength of the components of the framework. The concept of SCR was first presented in the Federal Advisory committee for Administrative Justice, which comprised of highest level of the Parliamentarians, Public Officials, NGOs and Civil Society where presented guidelines to be adopted for the free and speedy redressal of grievances at proverbial doorsteps in tehsils and district headquarters ultimately to the extended to the union councils. In SCR, the complaints were decided within 25 days even though the Law permitted 60 days that is itself a record in any judicial /quasi-judicial forum.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.291-293
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• 2022

The implementation of the legal mechanism to protect the rights and interests of entrepreneurs in Russia has its unique features. When the rights and interests of a businessman are threatened with infringement, specific legal remedies may be applied, by means of which the violated rights and interests are restored and, thereby, the opportunity to resume entrepreneurial activity is created. The paper explores extrajudicial ways to protect the rights and interests of entrepreneurs in Russia. The study analyzes the forms of self-help, arbitral tribunal, resolution of applications and complaints by executive authorities, the notariate, and work with the business ombudsman and civil society institutions.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.121-145
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• 2010

In the past, ADR has not been used as frequently in Japan as it has in other parts of the industrialized world. However, though litigation is still the most utilized vehicle of dispute resolution by Japanese financial institutions, this will be changing. The New Financial ADR system, which was created by a June 2009 amendment to the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act, is meant to deal with every stage of financial-related disputes and, as such, strives to resolve disputes before they become significant and acts to ameliorate any post-ADR issues that may remain, thereby completing the FIEA's purpose to protect investors. Since the foundation of the New Financial ADR system applies to all related industries, new provisions were set out in 16 business related acts, such as the Banking Act, the Insurance Business Act, and FIEA itself. October 2010 will mark the formal introduction of a new system of financial ADR in Japan. New Financial ADR in Japan will be modeled on the Financial Ombudsman Service in the United Kingdom, but will not feature one comprehensive dispute resolution system in which one dispute resolution institution covers all disputes in the financial field. The New Financial ADR system is merely one step towards a foundation of comprehensive financial ADR such as FOS. It must be noted, however, that this all important first step was over seven years in the making, involving a great deal of discussion, debate, and compromise amongst many parts of Japanese government, business, and society. The New Financial ADR system grants participating parties the ability to stop the clock on any statute of limitations which may correspond to any future possible court cases related to the dispute,13 and further grants the ability to suspend related court proceedings while the parties are utilizing the New Financial ADR system. In addition, where financial institutions have not accepted dispute resolution proceedings or have not accepted a special conciliation proposal, the Ministry of Finance may issue an order compelling compliance if it is found that certain actions are necessary to ensure the appropriate operations of a financial institution's business. In Japan, as best practices have not yet been created.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.71-91
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• 2010

ADR is alternative dispute resolution that includes mediation, adjudication, arbitration, conciliation and ombudsman schemes. ADR may be an alternative to going to court or to a tribunal. The main types of ADR are conciliation, arbitration or mediation and ADR is divided into national leading ADR and private lading ADR and national leading ADR includes court-annexed ADR and administrative ADR. Court-annexed ADR has become a well established feature of the judicial systems on a global basis. The bulk of court-annexed ADR in Glove is by way of mediation. Thus each nation takes part in ADR by court involvement and Enactment of ADR-related Laws. And the involvement of nations have both the regulative character and promotive character in ADR. In addition to the national leading ADR, the private leading ADR also must be activated as United Kingdom. Thus this paper deals with national leading ADR and private leading ADR and the purpose of this paper is to contribute to the activation of ADR by studying the promotion and limited the involvement of nation in ADR and private leading ADR in United Kingdom.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2017

Objectives : The rapidly changing consumer-centric and customer-oriented nature of the medical environment results in significant cognitive load. We aimed to clarify the situation of emotional labor and job stress among hospital employees and seek policies and hospital management for employees' emotions. Methods : The study was conducted through a questionnaire about emotional labor and job stress among 554 individuals working in Seoul, in 9 national, public, and private hospitals. Results : The results of the emotional labor and job stress questionnaire showed statistically significant differences in surface behavior and job stress; both had higher values in employees from the private hospitals than employees from public hospitals. Conclusions : This study found that the stress of emotional labor is a serious problem in government medical institutions. In addition, these institutions need to provide internal customer satisfaction through the hospital ombudsman and harmonize work and healing programs by including plans for improvement.

• 기록학연구
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• 제11호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2005

This paper aims to consider governance and governance of records and archives management suggested with democracy development. And there are some issues like that. First, it's an issue of authenticity and reliability. Authenticity means that records can be proven to be what it purports to be, to have been created or sent by the person purported to have created or sent it, and to have been created or sent at the time purported. Reliability means that the contents of the records can be trusted as a full and accurate representation of the transactions, activities or facts to which they attest and can be depended upon in the course of subsequent transactions or activities. Second, it's a problem of a point of time related opening when the records and archives management process has designed. Third, there is an issue that a people can related records and archives management, or not. Fourth, it's to consider systematic methodology for achieving business management and records management. And last, it's a topic of relation governance of records and archives management and the nation's participation.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.187-199
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to formulate a plan to cope with tourists' rights which can occur in tourist attraction place and anywhere for tourist activities and to seek a plan for introducing a watchdog system for tourists' civil complaints. Design/methodology/approach - To perform this purpose, this article will discuss a research review of the scope of tourist activities in terms of space and place perspectives and compare them to the watchdog and ombudsman concepts. And the study analyses and look at the suggestion about Tourism complains center and the Tourism policy system of procedure function and role critically. Findings - The Watchdog system is a routine activity in which citizen monitoring activities are developed in the form of a system and share inconvenience and anxiety detected in time and space in the expanding range of entertainment, leisure, and sports tourism activities. The resulting accident rate can be reduced, the administrative and private businesses can be resolved, and the cost of handling can be solved. Research implications or Originality - The social contribution of Watchdog can be systematically expanded and resolved at various sites by securing public trust in the country threats in daily places preventing risks securing continuous safety management of related facilities and other industries

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.45-87
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• 2013

This paper aims to study Thai democratic deepening and the constitutional engineering with the analytical concepts of 'power sharing' and 'accountability' focusing on the 1997 and 2007 Constitution. With regard to power sharing, the 1997 Constitution had the characteristics of majoritarian principle including a two-party system, strengthening of prime minister and the executive's power etc. It enhanced significantly the aspects of accountability compared with the previous constitutions. The institutions such as Constitutional Court, Commission on Election, Administration Court, Commission on Human Right, Ombudsman, Commission on Anti-corruption, and the Measure for Anti-money Laundering were established by the 1997 Constitution. However, such empowered accountability system were often abused by the political power groups in the political process. The 2007 Constitution has the characteristics of consensual principle including a multiparty system, proportional representation system, weakened prime minister's power, balancing of cabinet and parliament's power, pushing ahead with decentralization. However, the consensual principle of the 2007 Constitution came, in part, from the factional interests. It is similar to the 1997 Constitution in terms of accountability system, which enhanced in law but abused often in practice. One of the critical reasons for the failure of the 1997 and 2007 constitutions to consolidate democratic system was the political game played around the so-called network for the monarchy composed by the military, the civilian bureaucracy, Constitutional Court and the privileged classes. The future of the Thai democratic deepening depends on the constitutional engineering in which the factional interests should be excluded, and the rules of power sharing and accountability which traditionally played around the network for the monarchy should be effectively institutionalized.

• 기록학연구
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• 제35호
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• pp.3-40
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• 2013

현대 민주정부에서 왜 공공정보에 대한 정보자유의 보장과 확대가 민주주의 정부의 근본 토대임을 인식할 필요가 있다. 민주정부의 제도와 정책의 수립에 가장 중요한 것이 접근한 혹은 제공받은 정보에 기초한 국민의 결정과 동의이다. 민주정부의 설명 책임성과 국민의 인지된 결정과 동의를 실현하는 가장 효과적인 수단이 공공정보의 공개이다. 효과적인 공공정보의 공개를 위해서는 좋은 공공기록관리가 필수적이다. 본고에서는 오바마 행정부에서의 정보자유의 확대와 정부기록관리 혁신 과정의 주요 쟁점과 내용을 고찰하여, 민주정부에서의 국민-정부 간의 소통과 신뢰를 증진시키는 정보자유제도를 구상하고, 민주적 거버넌스의 정보자유를 가능하게 하는 굿 거버넌스 정부기록관리를 실현하는 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 오바마 행정부의 정보자유제도와 정부기록관리혁신이 노무현 정부 시기 정부기록관리혁신과 어떤 유사점과 차이점이 있고 우리에게 무슨 시사점을 주는지 그 배경, 목적, 구체적 제도 내용, 제도를 실행하는 행정 구조와 정책추진 방식을 검토해본다. 오바마 행정부의 정보자유 정책의 핵심적 원칙은 '공개 추정주의'(presumption of disclosure)와 '사전적 능동적 정보공개'이다. 정보 자유에 소극적이었던 부시 행정부와는 달리, 오바마 행정부에서 정보자유법은 정부의 투명성과 설명책임성을 보장하는 최선의 도구로 인식되었다. 오바마 대통령은 정부의 개방성이 민주주의를 강화시키고 정부의 효율성과 효과성을 증진한다고 말했다. 개방정부는 그 목적을 달성하기 위한 수단이다. 오바마 대통령은 개방정부로 나아가는 투명성, 국민 참여, 협력이라는 세 가지 개방정부 혁신 원칙, 방법론을 제시했다. 개방정부 주요활동에는 정보자유제도의 강화, '개방정부 지침'과 행정기관 '개방정부 계획', Data.gov와 데이터에 의해 주도되는 혁신, 정부지출의 투명성 강화 활동, 정부기록관리혁신 활동이 있다. 디지털 시대의 전자적 업무환경에서 생산관리되는 전자기록을 잘 관리해야 하고 그것을 위한 기록관리 정책과 실무를 개혁해야 한다는 점이 강조되었다. 노무현 정부의 정부기록관리혁신과 오바마 행정부의 기록관리혁신의 차이점은 가치 지향의 차이가 아니라 그 민주적 가치가 뿌리내릴 정치행정 환경이나 민주주의 토양의 차이와 사회적 역량의 차이에 있다고 보인다. 미국에 존재하는 독립적인 정보자유감독기구와 공공기록관리기구의 설립은 우리에게 가장 우선적인 개혁과제이다. 우리는 위로부터 주어진 정보자유제도와 공공기록관리제도를 아래로부터 국민의 요구와 전문가 조직의 단결된 힘으로 바로잡고 개혁해야 하는 과제를 가지고 있다.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-95
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 장기요양시설내 노인학대 문제에 대한 WHO 및 주요국의 정책을 검토하고, 이를 바탕으로 한국의 장기요양시설 노인학대 예방정책의 방향을 도출하고자 하는 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 WHO의 노인학대 위험요인으로 지적된 요인 중에서 장기요양시설에서 문제가 되고 있는 세가지 이슈(노인의 특성(시설내 치매노인 분리수준), 종사자 특성(신체억제대 사용수준, 야간 돌봄인력 처우수준), 시설 특성(시설내 CCTV설치수준))을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 연구결과, 첫째, 많은 국가들에서 시설의 개방성에 대해서 강조하고 있었다. 관련 정책으로 옴부즈맨제도, 성인후견인제도 등을 통한 시설방문, 외부 감시체계를 운영하고 있었다. 둘째, 시설의 입소노인의 특성에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 특히, 장기요양시설 특성상 치매노인, 야간시간대 입소노인의 특성이 고려된 학대예방책이 요구되었다. 셋째, 장기요양시설의 시설종사자의 처우조건, 종사자의 시설환경 수준 등이 각 국가별로 차이가 있었다. 시설내 학대예방을 위해 시설환경의 향상과 종사자의 처우개선이 중요하였다. 넷째, 향후 입소자 중심 예방정책으로의 패러다임 변화가 요구된다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구는 한국의 장기요양시설내 노인학대 문제를 예방하고 해결하기 위한 정책적 제언을 제시하였다.