• KSBB Journal
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.319-323
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• 2012

Vitamin C or L-ascorbic acid, an essential nutrient for humans with antioxidative property, was coated with natural wax to be used as functional additives for cosmetics. Coating of vitamin C was performed using carnauba wax and olive wax in self-designed reaction chamber for 60 min. The yield of coated vitamin C with carnawuba wax and olive wax were up to $94.6{\pm}1.2%$ and $82.5{\pm}1.4%$, respectively. The stability of the carnauba wax-coated vitamin C in the lotion was improved 17.8% than that of uncoated vitamin C during 30 day storage at $25^{\circ}C$. Color and the layer separation of the lotion added with the coated vitamin C showed better property than with the uncoated vitamin C. The coated vitamin C can be applied to cosmetic ingredients as a stable additive.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.198-206
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• 2014

The olive fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) is the key pest for olive cultivation worldwide. Substantial effort has been invested in the development of the sterile insect technique (SIT) to control this pest. One of the limitations to develop SIT technology for olive fruit fly is the low ability of wild females to lay eggs in other medium than olive fruits, and their slow adaptation to oviposition in artificial substrates. In the present study, fruit grapes were used as an alternative egg collection medium to harvest eggs and young larvae from freshly colonized wild strains originating from France, Italy, Spain and Croatia. The larvae were allowed to develop into the fruits until the second instar, before they were extracted out and further reared on a standard artificial diet. Furthermore, F1 to F4 female flies were alternatively offered wax bottles to oviposit. Finally, the performance of hybrid strains created from crosses between wild and long colonised flies was assessed. The results showed that females of all 4 wild strains readily oviposited eggs in grapes and from the F2 generation onward, females from all strains were adapted to laying eggs in wax bottles. No difference was observed in eggs and pupae production among all strains tested. The findings are discussed for their implications on SIT application against olive fruit fly.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2016

One major constraint in the development and implementation of a successful and cost-effective area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) programme with a SIT component for Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the ability to produce a large number of high quality mass-reared individuals. The aim of this study was to develop a more efficient and practical egg collection system in an attempt to improve the mass-rearing of this species. The following basic parameters were examined: egg production per female, egg hatch, pupal recovery, pupal weight, adult emergence and percentage of fliers. Three different strains (Israel wild-type, France wild-type, and Greece laboratory) were tested and each strain was evaluated for six generations. Female flies of the Israel strain produced significantly more eggs per female than the other two strains, but egg hatch was significantly lower. Egg hatch of the France wild type and the Greece laboratory strain was similar. For all other parameters, there was no significant difference between strains; however, there was a significant generational effect for all parameters observed. As a result of this study, a protocol was developed for the mass-rearing of this species that included the use of large adult holding cages that could house up to 96,000 flies per cage. The newly developed method of egg collection using a flat wax panel as one of the sides of an adult holding cage proved to be cost-effective, efficient, making colony growth easier for industrial mass-rearing.

• 공업화학
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.532-538
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 천연 자외선 차단크림을 제조하기 위해 shea butter, 올리브 유화왁스, 녹차추출물 등을 원료로 유화과정을 수행하였다. 유화과정의 최적화는 CCD-RSM을 이용하여 진행하였으며, 반응치로는 유화액의 7 days 경과 후 평균액적크기(MDS), 유화안정도지수(ESI), 300 nm에서의 자외선 흡광도 등을 설정하였다. 실험에 사용된 독립변수로는 유화제의 첨가량, 녹차추출물의 첨가량 및 유화시간을 설정하였다. CCD-RSM에 의해 최적화과정을 수행한 결과 자외선 차단크림 O/W 유화공정의 최적조건은 유화제의 첨가량(3.70 wt.%), 녹차추출물의 첨가량(2.47 wt.%) 및 유화시간(15.4 min)이었으며, 이때 예측된 반응치는 7 days 경과 후 유화액의 MDS (1173.8 nm), ESI (99.56%), 그리고 300 nm에서의 자외선 흡광도(2.47)로 나타났다. 이 조건에서의 실제실험 결과 오차율은 3.0 ± 1.5%로 낮게 나타나 본 연구에서 적용된 CCD-RSM 최적화 과정이 비교적 높은 유의수준으로 나타난 것으로 판단된다.