• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.621-631
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• 1974

The objective of the study was to obtain standard sizes of body of the high school girls for designing clothes and developing pattern grading of clothes. In 1972, 342 students, selected by the stratified cluster random sampling method, at three high schools in Seoul were measured on forty-one items by the R. Martin method. Statistical techniques of mean, standard deviation, coefficient variable, maximum and minimum, range, t-test were utilized to analyze the data. The findings of the study were as follows ; 1. No differences were found among the age groups in the all measured variables. 2. Stature, bust girth, hip girth, acromion width, posterior waist girth/stature ratio of the high school girls were significantly smaller than those sizes of adult women. This result implies that those sizes will be increased as the students grow up. But upper arm girth, upper arm girth/bust girth ratio, and thigh girth/bust girth ratio were bigger than those sizes of adult women. Waist girth, thigh girth, total head height/stature ratio, acromion width/stature ratio, and foot length/stature ratio were nearly similiar to those of adult women. 3. According to the result of t-test, waist breadth, spinailiaca anterior height/stature ratio, thigh girth/bust girth ratio, and thigh/hip girth ratio of the 15 year old group were significantly different from those of the 16 year old group at the level of 0.05. Bust girth, weight, foot breadth, posterior croth length, and cervical height/stature ratio of the 16 year old group were significantly different from those of the 17 year old group at the level of 0.01. Hip girth, upper arm girth, waist breadth/stature ratio, and neck base girth/bust girth ratio of the 16 year old group were significantly different from those of the 17 year old group at the level of 0.05.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.670-686
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• 2010

This study aims at clarifying the action types of skin management which is base on age, marriage or not, family composition, school career, and income which are demographic variables centering around the lifestyle of middleaged and old age women. As for study method, this researcher executed literature study and questionnaire on adult women over 45 years old who dwell in Seoul and Kyounggi area. Survey period was Mar. 1, 2009 to Jun. 30. And, after distributing 1,000 copies of questionnaire, this researcher used effective 869 copies of questionnaire for analysis out of collected questionnaire, 895 copies. As for analysis method, this researcher executed DUNCAN test with factor analysis, reliability analysis, manin component analysis, K-average, multitude analysis, dispersion analysis and post verification by using SPSS 12.0 program. As for demographic feature for middle aged and old age women, 50~59 years old women were most by age as 302 persons(33.7%). It is emerging that spouse existence is very high as 674 persons(75.3%) in the answer for marriage or not, couple family to live with unmarried children is very high as 483 persons(54.0%) in the answer for family composition, leaving high school in mid-course or gradation of high school are very high as 356 persons(39.8%) in the answer for school career, income from 3 million Won under 4 million won is very high as 260 persons(29.1%) in the answer for monthly income of family members, and women to use under 50 thousand won is very high as 510 persons(57.0%) in the monthly average expense to be used for skin management. In this study, this researcher extracted total 5 factors (economic saving, displaying consumption, confidence inclination, centering around family, and leisure application) by executing factor analysis with 12 question items of lifestyle so as to grasp factor structure of lifestyle of middleaged and old age people, and whole explanatory variable quantity was 70.9%. This researcher named as economic saving type, diplaying consumption style, and type centering around leisure and family, after making multitude analysis about 5 factors analyzed by measuring lifestyle feature. As the result of structure analysis of question items of skin management(pursuit of skin management, life of skin management, and inclination of skin management), this researcher extracted total 3 factors, and whole explanatory variable quantity was 71.30%. Thus, it emerged that there is significant difference among groups.

• 한국노년학
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1201-1212
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• 2008

This study was conducted to find the relation among perceived health status, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and social support related with the health behavior in the aged, and to ascertain the factors which affect the health behavior in the aged. For this study, 271 old men and women were surveyed from June to July, 2008, who lived in Daejeon and Chungnam province, and were 65 years old and over. As a result, it was surveyed that the old having their religious beliefs were good in health behavior, and the old who had a spouse and a high level of education were good in health status. And also, old women had a higher self-efficacy than old men, and the old who had a high level of education had a higher self-efficacy than those who didn't. Among the subjects of this study, there was a significant correlation between the health behavior in the aged and perceived health status, self-esteem, and self efficacy, and one between perceived health status and self-esteem, and self efficacy. And also, there was a significant correlation between self-esteem and self efficacy. Self-esteem was confirmed as the important variable which affected the health behavior of the aged. The limitations, implications of this study and future tasks for the old were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1037-1046
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• 2004

Age-dependent changes in body fat can often be observed in normal population. A series of indirect body fat estimates, such as hydrodensitometry, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis(BIA), and anthropometry equation for body fat, have been developed. The BIA made it possible to analyze body fat mass more related to hydrodensitometry than anthropometry. This study is to compare the body composition analysis between bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) and anthropometric measurements of women. The subjects were a group of Daejeon residents including 32 young-aged women($21.50{\pm}1.44$), 30 middle-aged women($50.33{\pm}5.27$), and 40 old-aged women($69.22{\pm}5.74$). We used BIA(inbody 3.0, Biospace Korea) to determine body fat and other body composition. We also measured weight, height, circumference for 12 parts, and skinfold thickness for 9 parts of all subjects' body. The results are as follows: The subjects' height by the age group were $161.74{\pm}0.94cm$ in the young-aged women, $154.16{\pm}1.09cm$ in the middle-aged, and $148.60{\pm}0.78cm$ in the old-aged respectively. BMI were, in order, $21.68{\pm}0.49,\;22.87{\pm}0.89,\;and\;23.85{\pm}0.55$. Relative body fat determined by BIA was, also in order, $29.06{\pm}0.92%,\;26.35{\pm}1.02%,and\;29.35{\pm}1.07%$. Circumference and skinfold that showed the highest correlation with body fat by BIA was waist in the young-aged(r=0.738) and bast in the middle- and old-aged(r=0.844, r=0.804), and triceps in the young-and old-aged(r=0.538, r=0.798), and subcostal in the middle-aged(r=0.872). Body fat Estimations by BIA were the highest correlation with Caucasian women's equation(r=0.588) in young-aged women, Siri's equation with Durnin & Womesley's body density measurement(r=0.875) in middle aged women and Caucasian women' equation(r=0.872) in old aged women. We need to develop specific anthropometric equations based on sex and age to determine body fat.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors related to osteoporosis prevalence in postmenopausal women. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis research using data from the Eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VIII-1), 2019, which were downloaded from the KNHANES website. The subjects of this study were 1,791 postmenopausal women who participated in the KNHANES VIII-1, 2019. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS 21.0 program and complex sample design analysis was performed considering factors such as weight, cluster, and strata. Results: Osteoporosis prevalence of in postmenopausal women was 17.5%. Factors related to osteoporosis prevalence were age (65~74 years old, ≥75 years old), house income (low), household type (one-person household), postmenopausal period (10~19 years), drinking (non-drinking). Conclusion: Interventions for osteoporosis prevention and management in postmenopausal women need to focus on women less than 10 years after menopause and one-person household women. Furthermore, it is necessary to expand bone density testing for the early detection of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.155-163
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze life habits and senior fitness according to metabolic syndrome by sex and age in the elderly and prevent metabolic syndrome in the elderly. A questionnaire survey for life habits and senior fitness measurement were conducted with 159 old men and 233 old women(a total of 392) who used welfare facilities for the elderly located in G Metropolitan City. The results were as follows. 1. In the comparison of life habits according to metabolic syndrome by sex and age, while old men showed a significant difference in smoking, drinking and drug intake, and stress relief, old women showed a significant difference in drinking and drug intake and dietary habits. 2. In the comparison of senior fitness according to metabolic syndrome by sex and age, while old men had a significant difference in lower and upper body muscle strength, old women had a significant difference in lower and upper body muscle strength, and general endurance. Based on the findings, the elderly's life habits according to metabolic syndrome had a difference in smoking, drinking and drug, and dietary life and senior fitness had a significant difference in muscle strength, flexibility, and endurance. Thus, the elderly need the methods for exercise habits and stress relief for healthy life. Also, old men should steadily strive to improve flexibility, endurance, agility, and balance and old women should steadily strive to improve agility and balance. When the elderly are careful for decreased fitness with age and strive to maintain healthy life habits, their quality of life will be improved and metabolic syndrome will be prevented.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 1973

For purpose of understanding of women worker's nutritional status in Korea, the author had studied oil 668 workers who are working in textile industry, chemical industry, manufacture of electrical machinery and supplies, manufacture of rubber and transportation (bus-guider). Skin-fold caliper was applicated and measured five positions. As a results of this study the following conclusions were obtained; 1. The mean skin-fold thickness were; arm: $$9.08{\pm}3.40\;mm\;(7.23{\sim}10.50\;mm)$$ back: $$16.23{\pm}5.25\;mm\;(13.18{\sim}17.20\;mm)$$ waist : $$17.86{\pm}5.82\;mm\;(13.27{\sim}19.31\;mm)$$ abdomen : $$15.45{\pm}5.04\;mm\;(10.82{\sim}16.43\;mm)$$ knee: $$13.49{\pm}4.16\;mm\;(10.80{\sim}14.04\;mm)$$ The lowest mean skin-fold thickness by age was $12.26{\pm}3.50\;mm$ at 16 year-old and the highest mean skin-fold thickness was $14.57{\pm}5.55\;mm$ at 19 yesr-old respectively. 2. Fat amounts The lowest body fat weight was 10.77 kg at 16 year-old and the highest was 12.09kg at 19 year-old, respectively. The mean body fat weight was 11.76 kg. The lowest %Fat was 20.67% at 26 year-old, the highest was 23.89% at 18 year-old and the average was 22.76%, respectively. The mean FFW was 39.94 kg and the lowest was 37.91 kg at 17 year-old, the highest was 41.64 kg at 27 year-old. The ratio of fat weight and total body mass (FW/TBM) were 21.04% at 27 year-old 23.75% at 19 year-old and average was 22.75%, respectively. The ratio of fat free weight and total body mass (FFW/TBM) were 76.25% at 19 year-old and 78.96% at 27 year-old, respectively. The average was 77.25%. The ratio of fat weight and fat free weight (FW/FFW) were 27.31% at 27 year-old and 31.15% at 19 year-old. The average was 29.44%.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.84-102
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• 2005

Objectives The purpose of this study was to objectify the diagnosis of Sasang constitution. It was analyzed the adult female voices into 44 factors with PSSC-2004. Methods The study was conducted on the subjects inputted /a/ 2.5-3 sec of 217 adult women voices to PSSC-2004. The statistical analyses are applied to three groups: total group, under 55 year-old group, over 55 year-old group. The group of total 216 was composed with 8 Taeyangins, 60 Soyangins, 66 Taeumins and 83 Soeumins. The under 55 year-old group was composed with 6 Taeyangins, 53 Soyangins, 55 Taeumins and 76 Soeumins. The over 55 year-old group was composed with 2 Taeyangins, 7 Soyangins, 11 Taeumins and 7 Soeumins. Results 1. In total group and under 55 year-old one, Soeumin's center pitch were significantly high compared with the others(P=0.005)(P=0.019). It was significant for distinction between Taeumin and Soeumin at the result of post mortem. 2. In over 55 year-old group, Soeumin's center freq.(total) and center freq.(1) were significantly high compared with the others(P=0.024)(P=0.016). In under 55 year-old group, Soeumin's center freq.(4) was significantly high(P=0.025). While Taeumin's center freq.(3) in under 55 year-old group and center freq.(4) in over 55 year-old group were significantly high(P=0.049)(P=0.043). 3. In over 55 year-old group, Soeumin's APQ(center), APQ(2/5), APQ(3/5), APQ(4/5) and APQ(2/3) were significantly high compared with the others. It was significant for distinction between Taeumin and Soeumin at the result of post mortem(P=0.004) (P=0.003) (P=0.004) (P=0.013) (P=0.004). 4. In over 55 year-old group, Soeumin's APQ(1/3), APQ(1/2), APQ(2/2) and zeroover APQ were significantly high compared with the others (P=0.013) (P=0.003) (P=0.008) (P=0.012). 5. In over 55 year-old group, Taeyangin's octave 3 shimmer was significantly high compared with the others(P=0.000). 6. In under 55 year-old group, Taeyangin's total energy was significantly high compared with the others(P=0.040). 7. In under 55 year-old group, Taeyangin's zeroover energy sum was significantly high compared with the others(P=0.038). Conclusions From above result, there is the possibility of efficiency standard guide for constitutional diagnosis by analyzation of the voices.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 1997

This study was carried out to find out general characteristics and health-related be haviors of elders aged 60 or over and factors related to their activities of daily living, and thus to contribute to their health maintenance and promotion. The subjects were 200 elders who had resided at An-Dong city and participated in this study. To collect data, the field survey was conducted from December 13 to 23, 1996 with structured questionnaires by 6 trained student interviewers. Chi-square test, t-test and Pearson's correlation were used for data analysis by use of SPSS/$PC^+$ program. The major findings were as follows; 1) In the individual characteristics of the respondents, the average age were 73.6 years old. 21.5% of the subjects were 60-69 years old, while 27.5% were 70-74 years old, 25.0% were 75-79 years old, 26.0% were 80 years old or over. 2) For the degree of the subject's perceptive health condition, the aver age 3.39 point and standard deviation 1.09. The perceptive health condition of the subjects was in the mid point range of health condition. 3) 46.6% of men and 25.8% of women practiced exercise regularly for their health maintenance and promotion. 4) For the degree of the subject's perceptive health condition, the difference by sex was not statistically significant. 5) 51.8% of men and 60.2% of women has idea for interventions to health promotion program by rehabilitation services.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the pants pattern of the lower body of 70-85 aged women. I tried to present excellent pants pattern that is convenient and suitable for the activities of elderly women. Through this, I tried to provide basic data necessary for making elderly women 's pants. As a result of evaluating the appearance of the pants pattern according to the body type, the fit of the type 2 was evaluated as the highest in the item except the position of the front waist line. For the objective evaluation of the 3D simulation, the air gap of the pants by the body part analysis showed that there was not much difference in the air gap around the waist circumference, hip circumference, thigh circumference, and knee circumference by applying the same drawing method and body size. However, in type 2, the air gap of thigh and knee circumference parts was larger than that of type 1 and type 3. Because type 2's legs were thin but it used same size of hemline. It was thought that it is necessary to adjust the space of front and back crotch length to 1 inch (2.54 cm) instead of 1.9 cm (3/4 inch) so that the waistline position of all three types can be set up a little to cover the abdomen. This study was conducted to investigate changes in body shape of elderly women and to develop appropriate pants patterns.