• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.443-458
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• 2022

Generation MZ, a generic term for millennials and members of Generation Z, is an innovation-leading consumer group in the current market. This study aimed to examine the impact of the ethical consumption tendencies of millennials and Generation Z on the purchase intention of social enterprise fashion products. Data were collected from Generation MZ (15-40 years old) by quota sampling based on the demographic variables of gender, age, and region, respectively. Eight hundred responses were analyzed by descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, and regressions using SPSS software. Three value factors (egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric) and three ethical consumption tendency factors (resource saving tendency, eco-friendly tendency, and consciousness of corporate responsibility) were determined by factor analyses. The results confirmed that women, who showed a higher ethical consumption tendency in all three factors, were more altruistic and biospheric than men. Furthermore, women portrayed a more favorable attitude and purchase intention towards fashion products of social enterprises. The results demonstrated that members of Generation Z were more altruistic and biospheric than millennials. Additionally, the attitude, purchase intention, and willingness to pay premium prices were higher in Generation Z members. It was confirmed that higher biospheric values correlated with greater values for the three ethical consumption tendency factors. The altruistic value affected both the resource saving tendency and eco-friendly trend, while the egoistic value had an effect on the resource saving tendency. Both attitude and purchase intention were positively influenced by all three of the ethical consumption tendency factors, and affected the willingness to pay premium prices. This was subsequently influenced by the resource saving tendency and consciousness of corporate responsibility. The results of this study contribute to understanding Generation MZ as a consumer group, and the establishment of marketing strategies for fashion companies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.587-592
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• 2002

Fiber reinforced concrete has been used for tunnel lining and rehabilitation of old structures. Recently, structural synthetic fiber was developed to overcome the corrosive properties of steel fibers. Fibers play a role to increase the tensile and cracking resistance of concrete structures. The Post cracking behavior must be clarified to predict cracking resistance of fiber reinforced concrete. The purpose of the present study is to develop a realistic analysis method for post cracking behavior of synthetic fiber reinforced concrete members.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.743-748
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• 1998

As nation's infrastructure is getting old, nondestructive evaluation of existing structures and construction quality control are getting important. In this thesis, flaw detection techniques of concrete members with asphalt using impact echo test were introduced. This techniques are based on stress wave propagation. In this field impact echo test, As load is gradually increased, frequency is increased. From this change of frequency through impact echo test, we can detect that the crack of bridge ascends and what the depth of crack is.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.401-413
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• 2012

In the present paper we construct and introduce a new topology from an old one which are independent each of the other. The members of this topology are called ${\omega}_{\delta}$-open sets. We investigate some basic properties and their relationships with some other types of sets. Furthermore, a new characterization of regular and semi-regular spaces are obtained. Also, we introduce and study some new types of continuity, and we obtain decompositions of some types of continuity.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.221-234
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and describe phenomenological structures of the experiences of dietary life on elderly over 100 years old. Methods: The participants of this research included nine persons over the age of 100 years of age and ten family members who assisted in the dietary regime. Qualitative data were collected by individual in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method of phenomenology. Results: The results of the research provide four categories and nine theme clusters. The categories included a rustic menu consisting of vegetables, grain-oriented traditional food, sensible dining table in harmony with nature, dietary life and emphasis on how to eat. The nine theme clusters were preference for fresh vegetable, preference of cooked potherb, boiled rice and cereal as main staple food, intake of soybeans, preference of native local foods, non-preference of unhealthy foods, select healthy and control food portion sizes for longevity, objection to light eating, and enjoying a meal. Conclusion: The findings of the study offer insight about the nutrition patterns among the people over 100 years of age.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.161-176
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate smoking of dental technicians in 2005, and we have distributed questionnaires about smoking in 2005-KDTA general meeting and analyzed them. All 555 respondents who attended KDTA general meeting were selected by random sampling. However we dismissed 41 because of invalidness, so we got 504 people. Therefore, we have got conclusions below: 1. The rate of smokers who attended in 2005 KDTA was 33.93%, 46.3% in men, 1.44% in women. When we compared to other specialist groups, the rate of dental technician smokers was higher than them. 2. When we analyzed the ages of first smoking, 55.56% of the people started to smoke when they were in 24 years old. This result was very similar to the rate of dentist smokers in 2005 KDA research. 3. According to the answers of smokers and people who wire smokers in the past about quitting smoking period and willness in future, 60.82% among all members failed to quit smoking and also 69.2% among all members did not leap over 3 months but, they have thought to quit smoking for 6 months. 4. According to the answers about antismoking training related to environment in dental and clinical labs, most dental technicians(92.66%) have never been trained, also 37.70% among all members have not fulfilled their duty at self office. They have not recognized the danger of the indirect smoking. 5. When we asked chiefs in dental and clinical labs, the reason why they, didn't do the antismoking training their staffs, 32.1% of them replied that they were so busy, and 42.13% did because of their staffs, abhorrence and needlessness. 6. As Pan-dentistry members, over 80% agreed to the thought of the antismoking, also had medical knowledge about smoking. So we have the conclusion that dental technicians have identification as the Pan-dentistry members. 7. Most dental technicians expected KDTA to play a role about the antismoking training for their members. We have two suggestions to KDTA about the antismoking problem for members according to above conclusions. First, KDTA should prepare the antismoking training in the curriculum. Second, KDTA should support the antismoking programs of schools for students.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.185-194
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• 2011

Purpose: Global shortages in nursing and strong demand for nursing services provided Korean nurses with more overseas employment opportunities, especially in the developed countries such as the United States and Canada. The purpose of this study was to explore the ageing experiences of the Korean nurses dispatched to Germany in the 1960s and 1970s. Methods: The researcher interviewed 10 Korean nurses living in four cities in Germany. Interviews were performed twice in January and July, 2010, and the data, in the form of field notes and interview transcripts, were analyzed using the Agar's (1980) ethnographic method. Results: The ageing experiences of the participants can be summarized into three theme stages: coming upon old age, reluctantly realizing getting old, and finally accepting being old. The first stage is characterized by 'wiring money to homeland all throughout youth', second 'still feeling like a stranger anywhere', and finally 'burying homeland in heart'. Conclusion: The research findings not only suggest crucial materials for training prospective nurses overseas for their successful settlement, but also shed lights on related problems and solutions with ageing experience in overseas employment.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2021

This study was conducted on 878 retired women in their 50s and 60s across the country using the 7th data from the National Pension Service's KReiS. We used SPSS WIN 18.0, and the analysis results are as follows. First, there were many highly educated people in their 50s or older and those in their 60s and undereducated. Second, families in their 50s had the largest number of members with more than three, while households in their 60s had the largest number of two. Third, both age groups chose themselves and their spouses as responsibilities for preparing for retirement. In addition, more people in their 60s chose the government as their responsibility for preparing for retirement than in their 50s. Both people in their 50s and 60s say they are "not prepared" to prepare for retirement expenses, raising concerns about elderly poverty. Fourth, economic strength, health, and medical care were important for retirement in both age groups as part of their preparations for retirement, and they chose economic strength, health, medical care and job as the things to do in society. Fifth, both people in their 50s and 60s have very low public and private pension subscription rates, requiring special attention from the government and society to their old age. Judging from the above results, both women in their 50s and 60s have retired, but preparations for retirement are very insufficient. Therefore, the government and society need to strengthen the public pension system and create jobs for the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Historical Folklife
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• no.52
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• pp.7-46
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• 2017

The elderly in the Joseon Dynasty consistently attracted attention from the national herb as objects of social respect. Based on the Confucian ideology, the old man was considered to be a receiving body, since he was a person with complete character as a man. The elderly, who have the character of being a slave, transcended their status, and both the souls and the people were transcended beyond their identities and attributes and became objects of respect. The perception of the elderly is divided by age. The persons who are 50 years old and start to be in physical decline were regarded as senior citizens. However, this was just mentioned as an inflection point between the prime of manhood and senior citizens and was not defined as the elderly. As a public duty called a national work ends when they are 60 years old, the age is truly the lowest limit of senior citizens who are applicable to all the social beings. However, because their public duties end when they are 60 years old and they were regarded as general members of society, special benefits were not granted to them. In the caste system and bureaucratic society, senior citizens' treatment were differently done by age. For the senior citizens who are 70 years old, various benefits were just granted to high government officials. Bokho(復戶) and Seojeong were first given to them. And the retirement age of government officials was not specially set. It was done in the way to treat Jonno with exceptional respect by Chisa(致仕: regular retirement). It is the most respectful treatment given to high government officials and ministers. For the senior citizens who are 80 years old, Yangnoyeon(養老宴) was held for both of Yangmin and Cheonmin as an measure to treat them considerately. In addition, official ranks(官品) with social value were allowed by giving them Noinjik (老人職). Official ranks given to Seoin and Cheonin were the best Jonno(尊老) policy. However, the Jonno policy related to senior citizens was different according to position and official ranks as follows: Kings were subjected to social treatment when they were 60 years old. High government officials and royal relatives of the senior grade of the second court rank were subjected to social treatment when they were 70 years old. And general Seoin and slaves were subjected to social treatment when they were respectively 80 and 90 years old. Senior citizens were individually supported. However, social value was granted because the nation supervised it. As Bokho and Sijeong were assigned according to position and official ranks and kinds of things were different, the social limit was clearly shown. Social order was put above the ideology called Jonno thought. However, Jonno acts by age and position did not stay at the individual level and the nation took care of the senior citizens who are the members of society in various ways based on Jonno thought. Society tried to take care of the senior citizens who had difficulties in their activities because of being in physical decline. The nation increased the existence value of the senior citizens by giving things(賜物) including chairs, rice, meat, and ice economically, exoneration(免罪), the reduction system, and wergild legally, and Noinjik called Gaja(加資) socially to them and changing them to the members of society. Yangnoyeon and Gaja held targeting people of every class by transcending position and official ranks make the point that the senior citizens who are more than 80 years old are subject to social jonno clear. That is, the senior citizens were subject to respect for the elderly as the persons who were socially respected transcending their position when they got to be 80 years old.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.159-163
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• 2003

What is the Meaning of the Knowledge Management?, That is gathering, renewal of old knowledge, communication and creation of new knowledge. The major three key factors for the successful knowledge management in construction industry is well cooperation between following factors ; the willingness of the CEO(in its organization). creation of Cooperation culture in company organization through its members participation and the Activity of the Knowledge management Team in company. But most important factors in successful Promotion for the Knowledge Management is the creation of Cooperation culture in company organization through its members participation, without creating the company culture, there is no successful way in knowledge management business in all business. The other important thing in knowledge management is the creating of the recording culture in company business activity. The greatest purpose of knowledge management is the through the KM activity, we ensure the gathering, renewal of old knowledge, communication and creation of new knowledge and capitalization of knowledge. and the result of the KM is strengthen the company and preparing the our future and new mission.