• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.583-585
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• 1992

A study was undertaken to determine the incidence of short oestrus cycles and associated serum progesterone levels in Nili-Ravi buffaloes. Forty lactating buffaloes were kept under observation for oestrus activity for a period of sixty days. Blood samples from jugular vein from twenty buffaloes were used to determine associated serum progesterone levels during short oestrus cycles. Incidence of short oestrus cycles was 15.5 percent (Nine out of fifty eight oestrus cycles) and most of the short oestrus cycles occurred between first and second oestrus after calving. Lengths of short oestrus cycles ranged from 6 to 14 days. The most frequent length was 11 days. Serum progesterone levels were lower at oestrus and increased gradually attaining peak levels of 1.3 and 1.8 ng/ml on 7th day of 9 and 11 day short oestrus cycles. One buffalos exhibiting a short oestrus cycle of 12 days conceived which indicated that ovulation took place at the oestrus of short cycle.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2014

The present study was designed to observe the oestrus responses in the indigenous ewe induced by cloprostenol sodium manufactured by two different companies ($Ovuprost^{(R)}$, BOMAC, Newzealandand $Prostenol^{(R)}$, Techno, Bangladesh). Twelve local ewes were divided into 3 groups (n= 8). The ewes in Group I and II were induced by intramuscular injection of $100{\mu}g$ (0.4 ml) of cloprostenol sodium ($Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$), respectively. The $2^{nd}$ injection in each group was given at 9 days apart. The ewes in Group III were kept as control for observing natural oestrus characteristics and comparing the responses with induced oestrus. Hundred and 75% ewes showed oestrus following $2^{nd}$ injection of $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$, respectively. The average time of onset of oestrus following $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ injection of $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$ were $50.5{\pm}3.5$ vs $48.0{\pm}0.0h$ and $49.9{\pm}1.9$ vs $49.5{\pm}1.7h$, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two types of cloprostenol sodium group on the onset of oestrus. The average duration of oestrus was $27.5{\pm}0.7$ vs $27.5{\pm}0.0h$ and $25.9{\pm}3.3$ vs $24.2{\pm}0.3h$ in $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$ treated ewes, respectively. For natural oestrus, the duration of oestrus was $25.2{\pm}3.3h$. There was no significant difference among the cloprostenol sodium produced by two different companies and natural oestrous ewes on the duration of oestrus. The higher percentages of cornified cells were present in induced oestrus (90 and 85%) compared with natural oestrus (80%), although there was no significant difference among them. The pregnancy rates were 75, 66.7 and 100% in $Ovuprost^{(R)}$, $Prostenol^{(R)}$ and natural oestrous ewes, respectively. The above results indicate the suitability of using cloprostenol sodium for synchronization of oestrus in indigenous ewes in Bangladesh.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2007

The present study was conducted to investigate the attributes of ram sexual behaviour under different social conditions. Six intact rams and eight overiectomized ewes were used in this experiment. Ewes were artificially brought into oestrus. All mating traits were recorded every 10 sec during a 1 h mating session under five social conditions viz., ram exposed to single oestrus ewe, ram exposed to single oestrus ewe and audience ram, ram exposed to multiple oestrus ewes, ram exposed to single oestrus ewe with competitor ram and ram exposed to multiple oestrus ewes with competitor ram. Mean intensity of the mating activities during the 1 h mating session under five social conditions was compared. Either vocalization or leg kicking was found to be the predominant teasing activity under all five conditions. Sniffing differed significantly (p<0.05) between different social conditions. Vocalization, leg kicking, and leg kicking with vocalization did not differ significantly (p<0.05) between different social conditions. Mounts/h in the multiple oestrus ewe condition was higher and differed significantly (p<0.05) from other social conditions. Ejaculations/h for the experimental ram was higher when exposed to multiple oestrus ewes in comparison to other social conditions. Mounts/ejaculation was low in the audience ram condition in comparison to the other four social conditions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1030-1037
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• 2013

Early detection of anomalies is an important issue in the management of group-housed livestock. In particular, failure to detect oestrus in a timely and accurate way can become a limiting factor in achieving efficient reproductive performance. Although a rich variety of methods has been introduced for the detection of oestrus, a more accurate and practical method is still required. In this paper, we propose an efficient data mining solution for the detection of oestrus, using the sound data of Korean native cows (Bos taurus coreanea). In this method, we extracted the mel frequency cepstrum coefficients from sound data with a feature dimension reduction, and use the support vector data description as an early anomaly detector. Our experimental results show that this method can be used to detect oestrus both economically (even a cheap microphone) and accurately (over 94% accuracy), either as a standalone solution or to complement known methods.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.321-323
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• 1995

Observations were recorded regarding various fertility parameters on 26 Jersey donor cows following superovulation under tropical conditions. These cows, in their mid-luteal phase were treated with 2,500-3,000 i.u. PMSG or 28-40 mg FSH followed by $500{\mu}g$ $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ injection 48-60 hours later, to induce oestrus. The cows were bred artificially twelve hours following standing oestrus. Embryo collection was carried out 7 days after oestrus. $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ was injected to each donor cow after embryo recovery to regress the corpora lutea. Fertility data($PGF_{2{\alpha}}$-Oestrus interval, services per conception, days between embryo collection and successful service and any pathololgical condition) were recorded. $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$-Oestrus interval and correlation (r) between number of corpora lutea and $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$-Oestrus interval were $30.9{\pm}6.3$ and 0.17, respectively. Of 26 treated donors, 19 conceived within a period of $91.7{\pm}18.8$ days after embryo recovery. Average services per conception were $2.3{\pm}0.3$. Only two cows developed metritis which conceived after treatment with antibiotics. These observations indicated no profound adverse effect of superovulation on subsequent reproduction of donor cows, except some effect on services per conception, under tropical conditions.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.341-347
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• 1998

본 연구는 생후 33 주령부터 초발정이 시작될 때까지 한우육성빈우의 일당증체량 (0.5kg, 0.7kg) 에 따른 혈중 progesterone 과 IGF-1 농도를 분석하여 한우의 초발정시기 및 춘기발동기전후 혈중 progesterone 과 IGF-1 농도를 비교 검토하기 위하여 수행하였다. 모든 시험축에서, 초발정 직전까지는 혈중 progesterone 농도는 검출할 수 없었으며, 13 두의 육성빈우에서 첫발정 6일전에 미미한 혈중 progesterone 농도가 상승하기 시작하여 짧은 황체기를 보였다. 초발정시기의 일당증체량 0.7kg 구의 평균 나이는 331.0$\pm$15.0 일로 0.5kg 구의 358.9$\pm$7.9 일보다 빨랐고 이때 체중도 0.7kg 구가 236.0$\pm$4.7kg으로 0.5kg 구의 224.8$\pm$9.7 보다 무거웠다. 초발정이후 3~15 일까지 IGF-1 농도는 황체초기 (0~1) 와 황체퇴행기 (18일~20일) 보다 높은 경향을 보였고, 성장단계에 따라서 생후 37주령부터 57주령까지 조사한 IGF-1 농도 변화는 37주령에 93.2$\pm$63.4ng/$m\ell$ 에서 57 주령에 170.9$\pm$59.35ng/$m\ell$로 점차적으로 상승하였다. 이상의 결과 한우의 초발정 평균나이는 345일령 전후로 추정되며 이시기에 혈중 progesterone 농도는 IGF-l 농도와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것 같다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 1988

A study was conducted to improve breeding efficiency of dairy and beef cows on Cheju Island. Milk progesterone and plasma progesterone profiles were determined by using radioimmunoassay techniques during the oestrus cycle, onset on oestrus and during the gestation period. Progesterone connections in milk were very low during the oestrus with a means value of 2.4ng/ml and 4.6ng/ml at the onset of oestrus but gradually declined at 4 to 9 hr after oestrus. In the cyclic cow, milk progesterone concentraitons in the early part of the cycle, ranged from 3 to 5ng/ml and increased from 6.0 to 11.6ng/ml on day 13 to 21 of cycle. Milk progesterone concentrations of pregnancy cows ranged from 5.0 to 40ng/ml during the gestation and grom basal line to 3.5ng/ml for nonpregnant cows. Plasma progesterone concentrations of beef during pregnancy period ranged form 3.0 to 33ng/ml and basal levels ranged from 0 to less than 2.5ng/ml for non-pregnant beef cows.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.87-89
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• 1993

Cortisol levels in plasma are known to be as an indication of reproductive and adrenal status of an animal. In this study it has been examined in relation to the oestrus induction by Progesterone oestrogen therapy in 3rd and 4th parity anoestrus animals. Cortisol was found higher in treated animals and levels raised within 6-12 hrs. after hormone therapy followed by elevation in glucose levels and depletion of total serum proteins. It shows the association of induction, occurrence and expression of oestrus with energy demanding metabolic stress in buffaloes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1113-1116
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to compare the follicular population during spontaneous and $PGF_2{\alpha}$ induced oestrous cycles in Nili-Ravi buffaloes. In Exp.1, (n = 13 oestrous cycles) follicular population was monitored using ultrasonography on alternate days. Buffaloes were monitored for ovarian follicles from day 0 (first oestrus) until next oestrus. These animals were observed for oestrus twice daily using a teaser bull. Of 12 oestrous cycles, 9 (75%) had two waves of follicular activity and only 3 (25%) had three waves during the oestrous cycle. The mean number of small, medium and large follicles among various days of the oestrous cycle between two and three waves of follicular development were not significantly different (p>0.05). In Exp. 2, follicular population 3 days before oestrus was compared in buffaloes undergoing spontaneous (n = 12 oestrous cycles) and $PGF_2{\alpha}$ induced (n = 6) luteolysis. The mean number of small and large follicles increased (p<0.05) and the number of medium follicles decreased (p<0.05) during the 3 days before oestrus in buffaloes undergoing induced luteolysis as compared to those with spontaneous luteolysis. These results showed that the mean number of small, medium and large follicles among various days of the oestrous cycle were similar between the two and three waves of follicular development, and three days before oestrous the number of small, medium and large follicles altered due to induced luteolysis on day 9, compared to those with spontaneous luteolysis.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 1990

본 연구는 국립종축원과 경기도 남양주시의 개인 농장으로 부터 얻은 혈장과 유즙은 발정전 5일부터 시작 하여 2일 간격으호 30일간 채취하여 RIA와 CIA로 혈장, 전유 그리고 탈지유내의 progesterone을 측정 하여 발정주기중의 progesterone 농도 변화를 조사하였으며, 아울러 RIA와 대체할 수 있는 비방사성 면역 분석법인 CIA방법의 적용가능성을 조사하기 위하여 탈지유내 progesterone을 CIA와 RIA로 옹시에 측정하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 혈장내 progesterone 수준은 발정전 8일까지 낮은 수준을 유지하다가 그후 급격히 증가하여 발정전 14일에 최고수준인 6.3ng/ml에 도달하였다. 그후 감소 하기 시작하여 발정전 16일에는 3.6ng/ml, 18일에는 1.5 ng/ml, 20일에는 2.2 ng/ml로서 최고수준을 나타냈다. 2. 임산우의 전유내 progesterone 농도는 발정일에 0.1 ng/ml에서 점차 증가하기 시작하여 발정후 10일 부터는 11ng/ml ~ 21ng/ml 까지의 높은 수준을 계속 유지하였다. 3 비임산우의 경우 전유내 progesterone농도는 발정일에 1.5 ng/ml 로서 낮은 수준을 나타냈으며 발정후 6일부터는 갑자기 증가하기 시작하며 발정후 16일까지 17.8~20.0 ng/ml까지의 높은 수준을 유지하다가 18일 이후부터는 1.4 ng/ml로서 낮은 수준을 유지하였다. 4. 탈지유내 progesterone수준은 임산우의 경우 발정개시때에 130-490pg/ml로서 낫은 수준을 유지하다가 발정 10일 이후에는 990-1650 pg/ml 까지의 높은 수준을 계속해서 유지했다. 5. 비임산부의 경우 탈지유내 progesterone 농도는 발정일에 160 pg/ml 로서 낮은 수준을 유지하다가발정후 8일부터 16일까지 1050-1300 pg/ml 까지 높은 수준을 오르내렸다 그후 탈지유내 progesterone수준을 240~450 pg/ml의 낮은 수준으로 나타났다. 6. 탈지유내 progesterone 농도를 CIA 와 RIA 방법으로 동시에 측정하여 상간관계플 조사하였던 바 좋은 상간관계(r=0.914)를 보였다.