• Title/Summary/Keyword: oceanic buoys

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A Study for Improving the KORDI Buoy System in Comparison with TRITON Buoys in the Tropical Pacific Ocean (열대 태평양에서 운영되는 TRITON 부이와 비교를 통한 KORDI 부이 시스템 개선 연구)

  • Kim, Dong-Guk;Jeon, Dong-Chull;Kim, Eung;Hwang, Keun-Choon;Hwang, Sang-Chul
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • v.33 no.spc3
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    • pp.359-369
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    • 2011
  • This study documents KORDI's experience of successfully deploying a deep ocean buoy for monitoring oceanic and atmospheric variabilities in the tropical western Pacific Ocea nsince May 2010. The primary focus of this study was to compare TRITON (big and old type) with m-TRITON (smaller and new type) buoys within the JAMSTEC's buoy management system. The objective of operating a KORDI buoy is to ascertain oceanic variability in the tropical western Pacific. We adopted a slack-line mooring type to observe water temperatures at six layers from surface to 400 m depth. However, we could not acquire satisfactory results due to lack of expertise in buoy management system. A new KORDI buoy has been developing, which has been modified from both buoys, and ARGOS-3 satellite system and a slack-type mooring line.

Cruise Report on TAO Real-time Monitoring Buoy System in the Pacific Ocean in April 2010 (2010년 4월 TAO 해양관측부이 시스템에 관한 탐사보고)

  • Kim, Dong-Guk;Kim, Seon-Jeong;Lee, Ha-Woong
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.507-516
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    • 2011
  • Tropical Atmosphere Ocean/Triangle Trans-Ocean Buoy Network (TAO/TRITON) Array is the series of buoys for the international ocean research project, which is mostly supported by National Ocean and Atmosphere Administration (NOAA) and Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC). We can determine the effect of the equatorial and Pacific Ocean conditions on global climate change from buoy array measurement data. The TAO/TRITON array comprises around 70 measurement buoys from $10^{\circ}$ north to $10^{\circ}$ south in the tropics and between Galpagos and New Guinea. NOAA maintains ATLAS buoys in the central and eastern Pacific between $165^{\circ}E$ and $95^{\circ}W$, and JAMSTEC maintains the 12 buoys in the western Pacific along $137^{\circ}E$, $147^{\circ}E$, and $156^{\circ}E$. The KA-10-03 cruise excursion provided us with a good opportunity to obtain knowledge on oceanic buoy operation and maintenance. Further, we learned advanced techniques and know-how on buoy operation and maintenance. Once we are confident with our buoy management and maintenance techniques, both KORDI and NOAA technicians may be able to help each other when needed and share available resources.

Consideration of Time Lag of Sea Surface Temperature due to Extreme Cold Wave - West Sea, South Sea - (한파에 따른 표층수온의 지연시간 고찰 - 서해, 남해 -)

  • Kim, Ju-Yeon;Park, Myung-Hee;Lee, Joon-Soo;Ahn, Ji-Suk;Han, In-Seong;Kwon, Mi-Ok;Song, Ji-Yeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.701-707
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    • 2021
  • In this study, we examined the sea surface temperature (SST), air temperature (AT), and their time lag in response to an extreme cold wave in 2018 and a weak cold wave in 2019, cross-correlating these to the northern wind direction frequency. The data used in this study include SST observations of seven ocean buoys Real-time Information System for Aquaculture Environment provided by the National Institute of Fisheries Science and automatic weather station AT near them recorded every hour; null data was interpolated. A finite impulse response filter was used to identify the appropriate data period. In the extreme cold wave in 2018, the seven locations indicated low SST caused by moving cold air through the northern wind direction. A warm cold wave in 2019, the locations showed that the AT data was similar to the normal AT data, but the SST data did not change notably. During the extreme cold wave of 2018, data showed a high correlation coefficient of about 0.7 and a time lag of about 14 hours between AT and SST; during the weak cold wave of 2019, the correlation coefficient was 0.44-0.67 and time lag about 20 hours between AT and SST. This research will contribute to rapid response to such climate phenomena while minimizing aquaculture damage.

Sea Surface Temperature Time Lag Due to the Extreme Heat Wave of August 2016 (2016년 8월 폭염에 따른 표층수온의 지연시간 고찰)

  • Kim, Ju-Yeon;Han, In-Seong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.677-683
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    • 2017
  • In this study, we examined responses to Sea Surface Temperature (SST) as the result of an intensive heat wave that took place in August 2016 and the cross correlation between SST and Air Temperature (AT) in August 2016. The data used included the SST of 8 ocean buoys, provided by the National Institute of Fisheries Science, and the AT of AWS near those 8 ocean buoys recorded every hour. To identify an appropriate data period, on FIR filter was applied. Two locations in the south sea were selected to be observed over similar a period, with a high correlation coefficient of about 0.8 and a time lag of about 50 hours between AT and SST. For the yellow sea, due to shallow waters and tidal currents, SST showed a rapid response caused by changes in AT. The east sea showed a negative correlation between AT and SST because of significant water depth and marine environment factors. By identifying the time lag between AT and SST, damage to aquatic organisms can be minimized, and we expect to develop a rapid response system for damage to the fishery industry caused by extreme heat waves.

Comparison of Sea Surface Temperature from Oceanic Buoys and Satellite Microwave Measurements in the Western Coastal Region of Korean Peninsula (한반도 서해 연안 해역에서의 해양 부이 관측 수온과 위성 마이크로파 관측 해수면온도의 비교)

  • Kim, Hee-Young;Park, Kyung-Ae
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.39 no.6
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    • pp.555-567
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    • 2018
  • In order to identify the characteristics of sea surface temperature (SST) differences between microwave SST from GCOM-W1/AMSR2 and in-situ measurements in the western coast of Korea, a total of 6,457 collocated matchup data were produced using the in-situ temperature measurements from marine buoy stations (Deokjeokdo, Chilbaldo, and Oeyeondo) from July 2012 to December 2017. The accuracy of satellite microwave SSTs was presented by comparing the ocean buoy data of Deokjeokdo, Chilbaldo, and Oeyeondo stations with the AMSR2 SST data more than five years. The SST differences between the microwave SST and the in-situ temperature measurements showed some dependence on environmental factors, such as wind speed and water temperature. The AMSR2 SSTs were tended to be higher than the in-situ temperature measurements during the daytime when the wind speed was low ($<6ms^{-1}$). On the other hand, they showed positive deviation increasingly as the wind speed increased for nighttime. In addition, increasing tendency of SST differences was related to decreasing sensitivity of microwave sensors at low temperatures and data contamination by land. A monthly analysis of the SST difference showed that unlike the previous trend, which was known to be the largest in winter when strong winds were blowing, the SST difference was largest in summer in Deokjeokdo and Chilbaldo buoy stations. This seemed to be induced by differential tidal mixing at the collocated matchup points. This study presented problems and limitations of the use of microwave SSTs with high contribution to the SST composites in the western coastal region off the Korean peninsula.

A Study on Methods for Accelerating Sea Object Detection in Smart Aids to Navigation System (스마트 항로표지 시스템에서 해상 객체 감지 가속화를 위한 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon, Ho-Seok;Song, Hyun-hak;Kwon, Ki-Won;Kim, Young-Jin;Im, Tae-Ho
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.47-58
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    • 2022
  • In recent years, navigation aids, which plays as sea traffic lights, have been digitized, and are developing beyond simple sign purpose to provide various functions such as marine information collection, supervision, control, etc. For example, Busan Port which is located in South Korea is leading the application of the advanced technologies by installing cameras on buoys and recording video images to supervise maritime accidents. However, there are difficulties to perform their major functions since the advanced technologies require long-term battery operation and also management and maintenance of them are hampered by marine characteristics. This study proposes a system that can automatically notify maritime objects passing around buoys by analyzing image information. In the existing sensor-based accident prevention systems, the alarms are generated by a collision detection sensor. The system can identify the cause of the accident whilst even though it is difficult not possible to fundamentally prevent the accidents. Therefore, in order to overcome these limitations, the proposed a maritime object detection system is based on marine characteristics. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed system shows about 5 times faster processing speed than other existing algorithms.

Accuracy of Short-Term Ocean Prediction and the Effect of Atmosphere-Ocean Coupling on KMA Global Seasonal Forecast System (GloSea5) During the Development of Ocean Stratification (기상청 계절예측시스템(GloSea5)의 해양성층 강화시기 단기 해양예측 정확도 및 대기-해양 접합효과)

  • Jeong, Yeong Yun;Moon, Il-Ju;Chang, Pil-Hun
    • Atmosphere
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.599-615
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    • 2016
  • This study investigates the accuracy of short-term ocean predictions during the development of ocean stratification for the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) Global Seasonal Forecast System version 5 (GloSea5) as well as the effect of atmosphere-ocean coupling on the predictions through a series of sensitive numerical experiments. Model performance is evaluated using the marine meteorological buoys at seas around the Korean peninsular (KP), Tropical Atmosphere Ocean project (TAO) buoys over the tropical Pacific ocean, and ARGO floats data over the western North Pacific for boreal winter (February) and spring (May). Sensitive experiments are conducted using an ocean-atmosphere coupled model (i.e., GloSea5) and an uncoupled ocean model (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean, NEMO) and their results are compared. The verification results revealed an overall good performance for the SST predictions over the tropical Pacific ocean and near the Korean marginal seas, in which the Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) were $0.31{\sim}0.45^{\circ}C$ and $0.74{\sim}1.11^{\circ}C$ respectively, except oceanic front regions with large spatial and temporal SST variations (the maximum error reached up to $3^{\circ}C$). The sensitive numerical experiments showed that GloSea5 outperformed NEMO over the tropical Pacific in terms of bias and RMSE analysis, while NEMO outperformed GloSea5 near the KP regions. These results suggest that the atmosphere-ocean coupling substantially influences the short-term ocean forecast over the tropical Pacific, while other factors such as atmospheric forcing and the accuracy of simulated local current are more important than the coupling effect for the KP regions being far from tropics during the development of ocean stratification.

Impact of Reconstructed Gridded Product of Global Wind/Wind-stress Field derived by Satellite Scatterometer Data

  • Koyama, Makoto;Kutsuwada, Kunio;Morimoto, Naoki
    • Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.309-312
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    • 2008
  • The advent of high resolution products of surface wind and temperature derived by satellite data has permitted us to investigate ocean and atmosphere interaction studies in detail. Especially the Kuroshio extension region of the western North Pacific is considered to be a key area for such studies. We have constructed gridded products of surface wind/wind stress over the world ocean using satellite scatterometer (Qscat/SeaWinds), available as the Japanese Ocean Flux data sets with Use of Remote sensing Observation (J-OFURO). Using new data based on improved algorithm which have been recently delivered, we are reconstructing gridded product with higher spatial resolution. Intercomparison of this product with the previous one reveals that there are some discrepancies between them in short-period and high wind-speed ranges especially in the westerly wind region. The products are validated by not only comparisons with in-situ measurement data by mooring buoys such as TAO/TRITON in the tropical Pacific and the Kuroshio Extension Observation (KEO) buoys, but also intercomparison with numerical weather prediction model (NWPM) products (the NRA-1 and 2). Our products have much smaller mean difference in the study areas than the NWPM ones, meaning higher reliability compared with the NWPM products. Using the high resolution products together with sea surface temperature (SST) data, we examine a new type of relationship between the lower atmosphere and upper ocean in the Kuroshio Extension region. It is suggested that the spatial relation between the wind speed and SST depends upon, more or less, the surrounding oceanic condition.

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A Study on the Development of TGPS Buoy for the Ocean Surface Current Measurement (표층해류 관측을 위한 TGPS Buoy 개발 연구)

  • 전호경;함석현
    • 한국해양학회지
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.27-38
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    • 1995
  • For the study of oceanic surface current, this work presents a system design which is composed of three parts, a Global Positiong System(GPS) unit, a transmitter with radio frequency (RF) modem and an antenna which are housed in a plastic spherical buoy, and computerised of VHF receiving system. The key idea for this study is to employ a commercially available GPS on a drifting buoy and to utilize the receiver position information from the buoy in determining the Lagrangian motion of surface ocean waters. Great efforts has been paid to the system design which would demand several points in harsh conditions common in the sea surface, that is power supply problems housed inside of a plastic buoy, optimizing transmitting radio frequency which limits transmitting distance to a receiving station. for all these difficulties, the system appears to be promising in future oceanic applications and is considered to economical compared to ARGOS drift buoy which is being used by commercial base. We believe that the system needs to be improved in terms of several aspects such as a longer transmitting distance, a power supply and software. for the test experiments in situ, the system has employed off the coast of Ku Ryong Po int the southeast part of Korea and successfully collected the surface current data. The results are presented for two cases from 21 to 31, March 1994 and 21 to 25, June 1994 in terms of current statistics and trajectories of drifting buoys.

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Application of a Large Ocean Observation Buoy in the Middle Area of the Yellow Sea (황해중부해역에서의 대형 해양관측부이의 운용)

  • Shim, Jae-Seol;Lee, Dong-Young;Kim, Sun-Jeong;Min, In-Ki;Jeong, Jin-Yong
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.401-414
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    • 2009
  • Yellow Sea Buoy (YSB) was moored in the center of the Yellow Sea at 35$^{\circ}$51'36"N, 124$^{\circ}$34'42"E, on 12 September 2007. YSB is a large buoy of 10 m diameter, and as such is more durable against collision by ships and less likely to be lost or removed by fishing nets compared to small ordinary buoys of 2.3 m diameter. YSB is equipped with 12 kinds of oceanic and meteorologic instruments, and transfers its realtime observation data to KORDI through ORBCOMM system every 1 hour. Data on ocean winds, air temperature, air pressure, and sea temperature appear to be accurate, while water property sensors (AAQ1183), which are sensitive to fouling, are producing errors. YSB (2007), Ieodo ocean research station (2003), and Gageocho ocean research station, which was completed in October 2009, will establish the 2 degrees interval by latitude in the Yellow Sea, and they will contribute though the 'Operational Oceanography System' as the important realtime observation network.