• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 춘계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.29-32
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• 2008

Recently with the increasing economics, many hish-rise and complicated building with new architecture features are constructed in Korea. These tall and big building have many difficulties of fire safety concerns, especially evacuation plan. so, If a fire breaks out in big shopping center in the super tall building, how should the occupants evacuate? In the side of this evacuate problem of big shopping center, It is the aim of this study to compare and analyze the difference between America and Korea. Considering the Physical Characteristics and Occupant Density.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 1989

It has been recognized that the escape facility planning is very important for effective evacuation of accupants on fire event. The ultimate goal of the escape facility planning is to evacuate occupants rapidly from building fires to the safe areas. In fire event, occupants usually gather, utilize and finally act upon information about state transient of building fire system, which is consisted of components of fire, building and accupant during the ralatively short period of the fire event. That is, occupants' egress behavior is largely dependent upon building fire system. Therefore, comprehensive study for the relationship between building fire system and occupants' egress behavior is needed. This study aims to suggest the pre -occupancy evaluation method of the life safety performance for the architectural design based on prediction of occupants' egress behavior during building fires with computer simulation.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.204-205
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• 2021

In the event of a fire in a high-rise building, rapid evacuation through the stairwell is a very important factor in rapid evacuation. However, in the event of an actual fire, most of the occupants evacuate at the same time, resulting in a stay in the stairwell, reducing the evacuation speed. In Korea, conditions for buildings are created to evacuate quickly and safely while introducing performance-oriented designs to solve these problems, but there is no research data related to the evacuation speed due to joining in the event of vertical evacuation. Therefore, in this study, by analyzing the experiment conducted at W University in Japan, the density-speed relationship when staying in the staircase room was derived, and the regression equation was derived based on the results.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2001

화재시 효과적인 피난이 중요하다고 하는 것은 인식 되어왔다. 그러나 피난안전을 위한 계획과 관련 규정은 최소한치 요구조건만을 충족하고 있다. 피난계획의 궁극적인 목적은 안전한 장소로 거주자를 신속하게 피난시키는 것이며, 본 연구에서는 고층 공동주택을 대상으로 첫째, 거주밀도 및 거주자 특성을 분석하고, 둘째 고층 공동주택 여러 평면의 피난성능을 분석하였다. 이 연구의 목적은 고층 공동주택 피난특성 파악하고 평면 및 법 규정의 비교분석을 통해 피난안전성능 향상을 위한 개선방안을 제한하는데 있다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.166-167
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• 2021

The elderly population in Korea is constantly increasing. As the number of Long-Term Care hospitals increases, many fires have occurred in related facilities. In this facilities, due to the characteristics of the occupants, self-evacuation is difficult, resulting in a number of casualties. It is necessary to Life safety design that reflects the characteristics of the occupants of domestic long-term hospitals. The study attempted to suggest improvements to the standards of evacuation behavior model for occupants of domestic and overseas long-term care hospitals. As a result of the study, patients living in long-term hospitals have a problem that is difficult to evacuate on their own. It is judged that there is a need to present an evacuation behavior model database by setting evacuation priorities and evacuation plans. In addition, it is necessary to more the design factors that affect the evacuation model as well as the characteristics of the occupants of the long-term care hospital.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.72-77
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• 1993

Available Safe Egress Time(ASET) is the time available for occupants to evacuate safely In compartment fire, and It depends on the time of fire detection and hazardous conditions. The purpose of thls study Is to provide an analytical basis and experimental data for estimating the fire growth in compartments and the available safe egress time, and to compare the experimental data with those proposed equations. As a result, hazard order Is poison to CO, descent of smoke layer, poison to $CO_2$, burn to hot smoke layer, and lack of $O_2$, ASET is lengthened in this order. Also, The more fire load is increased, the more ASET is shorted.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2011

다수의 거주자들이 구금되어있는 교정시설에서는 피난경로가 복잡하여 화재발생시 수용자의 도주사고 없이 안전한 대피유도가 가장 중요한 요소이다. 교정시설의 화재발생유형을 살펴보면 단기보호시설, 치료 시설에서는 의도적인 방화로 인한 화재가 많은 반면에, 교도소 및 구치소와 같은 구금시설에서는 노후한 설비 또는 화기취급부주의 등의 원인에 의해 화재가 발생한다. 두 종류의 교정시설 모두 화재가 발생하면 대피가 신속하게 이루어지지 않아 인명피해가 크다는 점에서 동일한 유형을 보인다. 본 논문에서는 교정 시설의 화재사례 및 구조적 취약성을 고려한 비상시 수용자의 대피경로 및 대피유도계획에 대해 고찰하여 화재와 같은 재난 발생 시 구금상태의 거주자를 도주사고 없이 안전하게 대피 유도하기 위해 쇠창살문에 설치된 구금장치의 전자 해정시스템의 도입을 검토하였다. 특히, 복층형 교정시설에서 보안 및 계호공백 없이 수용자의 안전한 대피유도를 실현하기 위해 피난시뮬레이션(SIMULEX)을 실행하여 산정한 필요피난소요시간(RSET)을 기반으로 구금장치의 해정시스템의 효과를 분석하였다. 결론적으로 USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Networks)기술을 활용한 전자보안출입시스템에 원격해정장치를 교정시설에 의무적으로 부착하여야만 구금상태의 수용자가 비상사태 발생 시 도주시도를 방지하면서 적절한 대피가 이루어질 수 있음을 제시하였다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.18-31
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• 2018

실내 재난은 심각한 인명피해를 초래할 수 있기 때문에 재실자의 신속한 피난을 위해 사전에 다양한 분석을 하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 따라서 실내에서 발생할 수 있는 예측 가능한 모든 시나리오에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 활동기반 교통모형 MATSim을 이용하여 실내 재난 대피 상황을 분석하는 방법을 제시한다. 연구의 분석 대상지는 대학 건물이며 약 5,000명의 재실자를 시뮬레이션 하였다. 분석 시나리오는 기본 대피 조건, 외부출구 폐쇄 상황, 비상계단 폐쇄 상황으로 설정하였으며 각 시나리오 분석 결과 기본 시나리오에서 평균 피난시간이 약 5분 40초로 분석되었으며 외부 출구가 폐쇄되는 경우 약 15%, 비상구가 폐쇄되는 경우 약 23%로 피난시간이 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과로 신속한 피난을 위해서 비상계단의 불법적치물에 대한 관리가 중요하며 고층부의 인원은 옥상으로 피난하는 등 건물의 효과적인 방재 전략을 수립하는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2023

Purpose: This study was conducted with the aim of presenting spatial planning directions for evacuation spaces based on an analysis of the performance of horizontal evacuation during the early stages of fire incidents in a geriatric hospital. Methods: Based on a review of previous studies, the research model was designed by establishing occupancy conditions, evacuation, and fire scenarios. The analysis model was developed by considering vulnerable areas in terms of evacuation movement and analyzing the results of evacuation performance. Furthermore, the study analyzed the improvement in evacuation performance by arranging refuge areas. Results: The results of the study are as follows. Firstly, vulnerability spots were identified in terms of evacuation performance by schematizing Required Safe Egress Time, Available Safe Egress Time, and their differences. Secondly, the Required Safe Egress Time in the adjacent public spaces along the escape routes of occupants was found to be higher compared to the Available Safe Egress Time. Thirdly, the results of the correlation analysis between the difference in Available Safe Egress Time and Required Safe Egress Time during the early stages of a fire, as well as their constituent factors, demonstrated that user congestion is a more significant factor in compromising evacuation safety than the physical changes in the fire condition. Fourthly, the analysis of evacuation time was conducted by designating refuge areas where occupants can evacuate within a sufficient timeframe. This led to a decrease in the Required Safe Egress Time. Implications: This study is expected to be used as data on the direction of evacuation space planning to improve the evacuation performance of Geriatric Hospital.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2024

In this paper, we compare and analyze the evacuation time required at a general hospital using an evacuation simulation program and propose an optimized procedure to improve safety. The paper analyzed the evacuation time of all occupants, including patients who cannot evacuate by themselves. The following four cases were analyzed in order: the width of evacuation stairs is 120cm, 130cm, 140cm, and 150cm. The results of the evacuation simulation showed that the total evacuation time is 1998s, 1796s, 1651s, and 1161s, respectively. For every 10cm increase in the width of the evacuation stairs, the evacuation time decreases by 202s, 145s, and 91s in sequence. The evacuation time decreases as the width of the evacuation stairs increases. However, the rate of reduction in evacuation time decreases. Therefore, simply increasing the width of evacuation stairs cannot significantly improve evacuation efficiency, and it is necessary to choose an appropriate width of evacuation stairs. In addition, all four cases simulations display that after 600 seconds, the evacuees are concentrated in two evacuation stairs, while there are very few evacuees in the other stairs. To solve this problem, it is necessary to disperse the movement route and consider multiple avoidance methods.