• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.658-663
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• 2018

In this paper, we consider node deployment algorithms for the sequence-based localization (SBL) which is recently employed for in-door positioning systems, Whereas previous node selection or deployment algorithms seek to place nodes at centrold of the region where more targets are likely to be found, we observe that the boundaries dividing such regions can be good locations for the nodes in SBL systems. Motivated by this observation, we propose an efficient node deployment algorithm that determines the boundaries by using the well-known K-means algorithm and find the potential node locations based on the bi-section method for low-complexity design. We demonstrate through experiments that the proposed algorithm achieves significant localization performance over random node allocation with a substantially reduced complexity as compared with a full search.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.45-55
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• 2006

This paper proposes a virtual target overlay technique for a realistic training simulation which projects a virtual target on ground-based CCD images according to an appointed scenario. This method creates a realistic 3D model for instructors by using high resolution GeoTIFF (Geographic Tag Image File Format) satellite images and DTED(Digital Terrain Elevation Data), and it extracts road areas from the given CCD images for both instructors and trainees, Since there is much difference in observation position, resolution, and scale between satellite Images and ground-based sensor images, feature-based matching faces difficulty, Hence, we propose a moving synchronization technique that projects the targets on sensor images according to the moving paths marked on 3D satellite images. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with satellite and sensor images of Daejoen.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.21 no.1 s.52
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• pp.71-79
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• 2006

Epidemiologic studies have showed a close correlation between arsenic exposure and heart disease such as, cardiovascular problem, ischemic heart disease, infarction, atherosclerosis and hypertension in human. It may increase the mortality of high risk group with heart disease. Regarding the mechanism studies of heart failure, blood vessel, vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells have long been focused as the primary targets in arsenic exposure but there are only a few studies on the cardiomyocytes. In this study, the generation of oxidative stress by low dose of arsenic trioxide was investigated in rat cardiomyocytes. By direct measurement of reactive oxygen species and fluorescent microscopic observation using fluorescent dye 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate, reactive oxygen species were found to be generated without cell death, where cells are treated with 0.1 ppm arsenic for 24 hours. With the induction of reactive oxygen species, GSH level was decreased by the same treatment. However, DNA damage did not seem to be serious by DAPI staining, while high dose of arsenic (2 ppm for 24 hrs) caused fragmentation of DNA. To identify the molecular biomarkers of low-dose arsenic exposure, gene expression was also investigated with whole genome microarray. As results, 9,022 genes were up-regulated including heme oxygenase-l and glutathione S-transrerase, which are well-known biomarkers of oxidative stress. 9,404 genes were down-regulated including endothelial type gp 91-phox gene by the treatment of 0.1 ppm arsenic for 24 hours. This means that biological responses of cardiomyocytes may be altered by ROS induced by low level arsenic without cell death, and this alteration may be detected clearly by molecular biomarkers such as heme oxygenase-1.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.54.3-55
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• 2016

DEEP-South Scheduling and Data reduction System (DS SDS) consists of two separate software subsystems: Headquarters (HQ) at Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), and SDS Data Reduction (DR) at Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI). HQ runs the DS Scheduling System (DSS), DS database (DB), and Control and Monitoring (C&M) designed to monitor and manage overall SDS actions. DR hosts the Moving Object Detection Program (MODP), Asteroid Spin Analysis Package (ASAP) and Data Reduction Control & Monitor (DRCM). MODP and ASAP conduct data analysis while DRCM checks if they are working properly. The functions of SDS is three-fold: (1) DSS plans schedules for three KMTNet stations, (2) DR performs data analysis, and (3) C&M checks whether DSS and DR function properly. DSS prepares a list of targets, aids users in deciding observation priority, calculates exposure time, schedules nightly runs, and archives data using Database Management System (DBMS). MODP is designed to discover moving objects on CCD images, while ASAP performs photometry and reconstructs their lightcurves. Based on ASAP lightcurve analysis and/or MODP astrometry, DSS schedules follow-up runs to be conducted with a part of, or three KMTNet telescopes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.54-54
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• 2008

$Eu^{2+}$, $Nd^{3+}$ co-doped $BaAl_2O_4$ are known as a long afterglow phosphor. We found that $Eu^{2+}$-doped $BaAl_2O_4$ showed ptotoconductivity in the range of UV and visual light. In this study, $BaAl_2O_4$:Eu thin film has been prepared by RF sputtering method and a sensing characteristics to UV and visual light was performed. Only $Eu^{2+}$ and $Nd^{3+}$ co-doped $BaAl_2O_4$ powders and targets for deposition were prepared by a convention solid state method, and the deposition was performed in a reducing $H_2$-Ar mixture gas on Si substrates. The observation of crystalline phase and morphology of the sputtered film were performed using XRD, EDX. The photoluminescence and photocurrent to UV and visual light were measured simultaneously using 300W-Xe solar simulator as a light source. It was confirmed that the photocurrent induced by irradiation of light showed a linear relationship to the light intensity.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.139-146
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• 1987

The 3-dimensional deformation measurement by the terrestrial photogrammetry is consist of 3-dimensional coordinates computation, displaced point detection and deformation estimation of object targets. In this study, at the first step of deformation analysis, the variation of the variance-covariance matrix for the exterior orientation elements was analyzed by the increment of the ground control points and the photos in the Bundle adjustment. And then, to give the constraints for improving accuracy of ground control points, the concept of Free-Network adjustment was applied to Bundle adjustment. As a result, we knew that it was desired in the accuracy and the economy, the observation time when the numbers of ground control point and photo were respectively 6 points and 3 photos. In addition, in the case of applying the concept of Free Network adjustment in Bundle adjutment, it was desirable that the space distance for the constraints is distributed outside.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.239.1-239.1
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• 2012

This paper presents the results of one of early sciences with Korean VLBI Network (KVN): a large fringe survey of compact radio sources at 43GHz. We established the catalog of correlated flux densities in three ranges of baseline projection lengths of 637 sources from a 43 GHz (Q-band) survey observed with the Korean VLBI Network. Of them, 623 sources have not been observed before at Q-band with VLBI. The goal of this work in the early science phase of the new VLBI array is twofold: to evaluate the performance of the new instrument that operates in a frequency range of 22--129 GHz and to build a list of objects that can be used as targets and as calibrators. We have observed the list of 799 target sources with declinations down to $-40{\circ}$. Among them, 724 were observed before with VLBI at 22 GHz and had correlated flux densities greater than 200 mJy. The overall detection rate is 78%. The detection limit, defined as the minimum flux density for a source to be detected with 90% probability in a single observation, was in a range of 115--180 mJy depending on declination. However, some sources as weak as 70 mJy have been detected. Of 623 detected sources, 33 objects are detected for the first time in VLBI mode. We determined their coordinates with the median formal uncertainty 20 mas. The results of this work set the basis for future efforts to build the complete flux-limited sample of extragalactic sources at frequencies 22 GHz and higher at 3/4 of the celestial sphere.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2002

Multitemporal analysis with remotely sensed data is complicated by numerous intervening factors, including atmospheric attenuation and occurrence of clouds that obscure the relationship between ground and satellite observed spectral measurements. Using an adaptive reconstruction system, dynamic compositing approach was developed to recover missing/bad observations. The reconstruction method incorporates temporal variation in physical properties of targets and anisotropic spatial optical properties into image processing. The adaptive system performs the dynamic compositing by obtaining a composite image as a weighted sum of the observed value and the value predicted according to local temporal trend. The proposed system was applied to the sequence of NDVI images of AVHRR observed on the Korean Peninsula from 1999 year to 2000 year. The experiment shows that the reconstructed series can be used as an estimated series with complete data for the observations including bad/missing values. Additionally, the gradient image, which represents the amount of temporal change at the corresponding time, was generated by the proposed system. It shows more clearly temporal variation than the data image series.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.143-153
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• 2021

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanisms of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in laying hens, an experiment was conducted to reveal the differences in histopathological observation and gene expression between FLHS group and normal group. Methods: We compared the histopathological difference using hematoxylin and eosin staining and proceeded with RNA sequencing of adipose tissue to search differentially expressed genes and enriched biological processes and pathways. Then we validated the mRNA expression levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction and quantified protein levels in the circulation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We identified 100 differentially expressed transcripts corresponding to 66 genes (DEGs) were identified between FLHS-affected group and normal group. Seven DEGs were significantly enriched in the immune response process and lipid metabolic process, including phospholipase A2 group V, WAP kunitz and netrin domain containing 2, delta 4-desaturase sphingolipid 2, perilipin 3, interleukin-6 (IL-6), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3). And these genes could be the targets of immune response and be involved in metabolic homeostasis during the process of FLHS in laying hens. Based on functional categories of the DEGs, we further proposed a model to explain the etiology and pathogenesis of FLHS. IL-6 and SOCS3 mediate inflammatory responses and the satiety hormone of leptin, induce dysfunction of Jak-STAT signaling pathway, leading to insulin resistance and lipid metabolic disorders. Conversely, CNTF may reduce tissue destruction during inflammatory attacks and confer protection from inflammation-induced insulin resistance in FLHS chickens. Conclusion: These findings highlight the therapeutic implications of targeting the JAK-STAT pathway. Inhibition of IL6 and SOCS3 and facilitation of CNTF could serve as a favorable strategy to enhance insulin action and improve glucose homoeostasis, which are of importance for treating obesity-related disorders for chickens.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2022

Purpose: This study presents the results of the analysis on space utilization of kidney dialysis units in regional public hospitals, which plays a key role in local public medical services. The result aims to achieve safety from infection, allow comfort for the dialysis environment, and stability for medical support. The purpose of this study is to present fundamental data for architectural plans for the kidney dialysis unit, as well as to alleviate potential infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Methods: For research purposes, the investigation and analysis of space utilization were based on architectural floor plans, research papers and literature, related legal systems, and public statistics. Of the main 35 regional public hospitals, in regards to data accessibility, 15 facilities were selected to conduct the survey and analysis for the objective. Results: The space composition by area research results of kidney dialysis units in public hospitals are as follows: Firstly, most targets do not have required rooms in the access and support area, except for the hemodialysis beds in the treatment section. Secondly, the access area requires necessary room and space design that took into consideration of convenience and accessibility for patients. Thirdly, in regards to infection prevention and control, proper circulation and room plan is essential for storage and disposal of contaminated products and linen after use. For the treatment area, the arrangement plan needs to establish a visual connection between the isolation room, the nursing station, and the bed area. Additionally, consideration of circulation in the preparation, treatment, observation, examination, and all other rooms in the facility is required. Lastly, for the support area, the room is designed to consider adequate working and meeting spaces for the medical staff, consultation space for patients or guardians, separate storage and disposal of clean and contaminated items, and the storage of various equipment for dialysis. Implications: In preparation for the increase in chronic kidney failure patients and the spread of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, the researched data demonstrates the basic guidelines for space composition of kidney dialysis units and the significant role of regional public hospitals.