• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the type of video contents used for action observations on the ability to control posture. Methods: The participants were 48 healthy adults. The two hands of the participants were crossed on both shoulders, and the other foot was placed in a straight line in front of the target to allow them to watch a video of the monitor. The videos were presented in random order with three video contents (natural, stable balance posture, and unstable balance posture) consisting of 30 seconds each. A 15-second resting time was given between each video. During action observation using various video content forms, the posture control ability was measured using a TekScan MetScan^® system. Results: The results revealed statistically significant differences in the area of movement and the distance by COP and distance by the type of action-observation videos, and the distance by the anteroposterior and mediolateral sides (p<0.05). The stable balance posture and unstable balance posture video showed significant differences in the distance by the COP, anteroposterior, and mediolateral distance. (p<0.05) Conclusion: This study suggests that choosing the contents of the videos is important during action-observation training, and action-observation training can help improve postural control.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1009-1014
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• 2023

Comprehensive observations of the Euler method and the Lagrangian method were performed in order to obtain high-resolution observation data in space and time for the complex environment of new city. The two radiosondes, which measure meteorological parameters using Lagrangian methods, produced air pressure, wind speed and wind direction. They were generally consistent with each other even if the observation points or times were different. The temperature measured by the sensor exposed to the air during the day was relatively high as the altitude increased due to the influence of solar radiation. The temporal difference in wind direction and speed was found in the comparison of Euler's wind profiler data with radiosonde data. When the wind field is horizontally in homogeneous, this result implies the need to consider the advection component to compare the data of the two observation methods. In this study, a method of using observation data at different times for each altitude section depending on the observation period of the Euler method is proposed to effectively compare the data of the two observation methods.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.194-198
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• 2005

Although the rainstorm causes local damage on large scale, it is difficult to predict the movement of the rainstorm exactly. In order to reduce the rainstorm damage of the rainstorm, it is necessary to analyze the path of the rainstorm using various statistical methods. In addition, efficient time interval of rainfall observation for the analysis of the rainstorm movement can be derived by applying various statistical methods to rainfall data. In this study, the rainstorm tracking using statistical method is performed for various types of rainfall data. For the tracking of the rainstorm, the methods of temporal distribution, inclined Plane equations, and cross correlation were applied for various types of data including electromagnetic rainfall gauge data and AWS data. The speed and direction of each method were compared with those of real rainfall movement. In addition, the effective time interval of rainfall observation for the analysis of the rainstorm movement was also investigated for the selected time intervals 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes. As a result, the absolute relative errors of the method of inclined plane equations are smaller than those of other methods in case of electromagnetic rainfall gauges data. The absolute relative errors of the method of cross correlation are smaller than those of other methods in case of AWS data. The absolute relative errors of 30 minutes or less than 30 minutes are smaller than those of other time intervals.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.111-122
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• 2014

Objective : The region, observation period, figuration of pulse, pulse frequency, process of diagnosis and related diagnostic methods in traditional pediatric pulse diagnosis were studied in this article. Method : The articles related to traditional pediatric pulse diagnosis in Traditional medical classics, and analysis to the characteristics of it was done, then lastly, the principle of pulse manifestation and the meaning of application to modern times were considered. Result & Conclusion : It is difficult to catch the figuration of pediatric pulse because of dynamic change of body conditions, fast heartbeat and narrow region of pulse. Therefore, the pulse diagnosis appropriated for children have been developed and combined with the special diagnosis methods, for example, palpation of forehead and observation of index finger. The traditional pediatric pulse diagnosis is done with just one finger palpation in the period of 3 to 5 years old to identify the speed, length, size and height of pulse. The standard average of pulse frequency is 7~8 par breath in the period of 3 to 5 years old according to traditional medical classic.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.130-138
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• 1995

TEM specimen preparation methods have been examined to characterize Cu oxide particles in the polyimide film. Polyimide films were prepared by coating polyamic acid onto Cu films which had been deposited on TEM-mask and glass substrates and Cu foil, followed by thermal curing. In case of TEM-mask, direct observation was possible without further preparation. In other cases, TEM specimen were made by separating polyimide film from the substrate. Polyimide films were removed from glass and Cu foil by dissolving glass in HF solution and Cu foil in $H_{2}SO_{4}$ solution. TEM-mask observation confirms that fine $Cu_{2}O$ particles precipitate in the polyimide as a result of reaction of polyamic acid with Cu. However $Cu_{2}O$ particle reacts with HF and $H_{2}SO_{4}$ solution during dissolving the substrate and interpretation could be misled. It is concluded characterization of $Cu_{2}O$ particle in polyimide using TEM-mask is better than other methods.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.187-191
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• 1998

Chemotherapy can not be applied for the control of fish viral diseases because viruses depend on host machinery for their replication. Although new control strategies including vaccination are under development, avoidance of virus introduction by rapid and correct diagnosis is the best way of fish viral disease control. Although observation of virus particles with an electron microscope is an easy method for virus detection, it take a few days for the sample preparation. In order to shorten the sample preparation time, microwave radiation was applied in the procedure. With this method, 15 seconds was enough for fixation of virus infected fish samples or cultured cells inoculated with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, which takes 2-4 hours with routine methods. Also four minutes was enough for polymerization of embedding resin which takes 24-48 hours with routine methods. Samples prepared with microwave were good enough for direct electron microscopic observation and immunogold labeling assay.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.119-128
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• 2000

This paper proposes a method for detecting interactions in a two-way layout with one observation per cell. The identification of interactions in the model is not clear for they are confounding with error terms. The $L_1$-Estimation is robust with respect to a y-direction outlier in linear model so we are able to estimate main effects without affection of interactions, If an observation is classified as an outlier we conclude it contains an interaction. An empirical study compared with a classical method is performed.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.453-458
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to detect early children with hyperactivity which is one of the symptoms of Attention Deficit - Hyperactivity Disorder (:ADHD). For this Purpose, This study used two methods; K-CBCL and observation of children`s behavior. K-CBCL was done online by parents at home. For observation of children's behavior, the school asked children to wear a 3 - axis accelerometer on their wrists. The data from K - CBCL and 3 - axis accelerometer were analyzed and clustered to separate hypersensitive children from ordinary children.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.453-462
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• 2005

We derive the influence function on t statistic and find its feature; the influence function on t statistic has two forms depending on the value of ${\mu}_0$. Sample influence functions are used to verify the validity of the derived influence function. We use random samples from normal distribution to show the validity of the function. The simulation study proves that the obtained influence function is very accurate to in estimating changes in t statistic when an observation is added or deleted.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.413-418
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was performed to examine the effect of action observation training on sit to-walk times in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Twelve stroke patients were randomly allocated to two groups, as follows: an action observation training (AOT) group and a scenery picture observation (SPO) group. The AOT group was engaged in video observation for 2 minutes 30 seconds with 12 ADL functional activities related to the sit-to-walk task: physical training was carried out in two repetitions lasting 2 minutes 30 seconds. The landscape imagery control group observed landscape picture for 2 minutes 30 seconds and then carried out the same physical training. The intervention involved a total of 12 sessions over 4 weeks, and each session lasted 30 minutes. The pre and post-tests measured the timed up and go test (TUG), Sit to stand test (STS), and Dynamic gait index (DGI). The Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to compare pre-test and post-test result, and the Mann-Whitney U test was employed for comparison between groups. Results: The TUG time was significantly different between the AOT group and the SPO group. According to the findings, the experimental group's TUG was significantly decreased (p<0.05). In comparison of the two groups, there was no significant in STS or DGI between the AOT group and SPO group. Conclusion: This study showed that the intervention can be used to decrease TUG time. Our research suggests that action observation training has a positive effect on sit-to-walk times in patients with chronic stroke.