• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.615-625
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and sensory quality changes from packing methods(PE; $85{\mu}m$ thick, vacuum; PE+LLDP+nylon; $50{\mu}m$ thick), and storage temperatures($3^{\circ}C,\;10^{\circ}C\;and\;25^{\circ}C$) and length of storage(1, 2, 4, 6 day) on the different types of processed potatoes(washed, peeled, or cut). Microbiological quality decreased gradually and significantly throughout the storage period in all cases. The processed potatoes stored at $3^{\circ}C$ with vacuum packing after immersion in chlorine water showed the lowest microbiological growth and had higher scores for the sensory quality factors(appearance, flavor and texture). The processed potatoes stored at $10^{\circ}C$ were rated wily better appearance, but they showed unacceptable microbiological quality at up to 4 days of storage. Overall, a temperature of $3^{\circ}C$ is recommended to maintain acceptable of microbiological and sensory quality in processed potatoes used in foodservice operations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.674-684
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• 2021

Recent advances in electronic technology have engendered a need for research on the use of smart materials in clothing. Electro-conductive fibers are expected to be a crucial element of wearable devices. Therefore, in this study, we have attempted to develop electro-conductive threads and cables using silver nanowires. Based on the characteristics of silver nanowire, in which electro-conductivity can be imparted via heat treatment, we prepared conductive threads by coating nylon yarn with silver nanowires and curing at temperatures of 140℃, 150℃, and 160℃. Conductive threads cured at 140℃ had the highest conductivity, followed by threads cured at 160℃ and 150℃ respectively. The order of the electrical conductivity of the threads after tensile testing was consistent with the original order of the conductivity of the threads. When we evaluated the sensing performance of electro-conductive cables fabricated from these threads, the cables manufactured from threads cured at 140℃ and 160℃ were found to function normally within temperature and humidity sensors. All the cables operated normally in illuminance and electrocardiogram sensors. Thus, we believe that threads made of silver nanowire have sufficient electrical conductivity to be utilized as wearable sensors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.103-110
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• 2018

The modern aircraft consists of tens/hundreds of thousands of components. A large proportion of these components are manufactured using a machining process. A deburring process must be performed after to machining. This study investigates the effect of changes in the deburring wheel rpm on the deburring force and radius. The deburring wheel is used to trim sharp edges off machined parts of the aircraft. The deburring wheel used consists of a core and a nylon hair(this new concept is protected under patent). We find that higher deburring wheel rpm results in increased deburring force and radius. For deburring wheel rotation rates of 500~750rpm, deburring force of 3.4~6.5kgf and deburring radius of 0.4~0.5mm were observed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.390-406
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• 2022

This study aims to establish the optimal environmental conditions for storing textile products. Four textile products (cotton, wool, nylon, cotton/polyurethane) were used to produce experimental fabrics according to artificial contamination and washing conditions. Each fabric was subjected to three environmental conditions (A: 20-25℃/20% RH, B: 20-25℃/50% RH, C: 30-35℃/65% RH) for 4-12 weeks. Changes in textile characteristics include tensile strength, wrinkle recovery rate, and odor intensity. Results show that the change in tensile strength for the four test fabrics slightly decreased with a storage time of 4 to 12 weeks. The wrinkle recovery rate of the fabrics was the lowest under the C condition. UV exposure causes a substantial decrease in the tensile strength of the textiles. The change in odor characteristics was the highest for the odor intensity in the C condition. For storing textile products for sustainable management, it is desirable to maintain a temperature of 20 to 25℃ with a relative humidity of 50% RH or less and to provide ventilation in an enclosed storage space that can also block UV rays.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.70-77
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• 1957

4,5-Diphenyl Imidazolone is synthesized from Benzoin, Urea, and Acetic acid catalyser. Nowadays, it is being used as an optical bleaching agent for wool and nylon textiles. Up to now, only one process of synthesis has been known. In order to find out the best conditions governing the yield were examined under various catalysers and conditions. In this experiment, the summary of results were as follows. a. On Acetic acid catalyser. The maximum yield conditions were mol ratio (Benzoin: Urea: Acetic acid) 1 : 2 : 14, Acetic acid concentration 99.9%. Reaction temperature 115$^{\circ}$. Under reaction time of 2 hours, above yield was 96.4%. b. On Mineral acid Catalyser. In using of Sulfonic acid, the color of solution was changed dark purlish black. With other mineral acid catalysers, in spite of increasing of temperature, it was proved that Benzoin floats on the solution, so that this reaction could not be continue. c. On Phosphoric acid catalyser. It was made clear that it can not be used for this reaction. d. On Sodium hydroxide catalyser. As one of Alkali catalyser, Sodium hydroxide was examined but this was unsuitable substance for this reaction. e. On Formic acid catalysers. The maximum yield conditions were mol ratio (Benzoin: Urea: Formic acid) 1: 2: 30. Formic acid concentration 85.%. Reaction temperature 150∼110$^{\circ}$. Under reaction time of 90 minutes, the best yield was 87%. Hereby, it was proved that organic acids such as Acetic acid and Formic acid can be used. When using Acetic acid, the yield was better than Formic acid, but it takes longer reaction time than Formic acid. About the fluorescent effect, the temperature of dye-bath must not be over 904,5-Diphenyl Imidazolone is synthesized from Benzoin, Urea, and Acetic acid catalyser. Nowadays, it is being used as an optical bleaching agent for wool and nylon textiles. Up to now, only one process of synthesis has been known. In order to find out the best conditions governing the yield were examined under various catalysers and conditions. In this experiment, the summary of results were as follows. a. On Acetic acid catalyser. The maximum yield conditions were mol ratio (Benzoin: Urea: Acetic acid) 1 : 2 : 14, Acetic acid concentration 99.9%. Reaction temperature 115$^{\circ}$. Under reaction time of 2 hours, above yield was 96.4%. b. On Mineral acid Catalyser. In using of Sulfonic acid, the color of solution was changed dark purlish black. With other mineral acid catalysers, in spite of increasing of temperature, it was proved that Benzoin floats on the solution, so that this reaction could not be continue. c. On Phosphoric acid catalyser. It was made clear that it can not be used for this reaction. d. On Sodium hydroxide catalyser. As one of Alkali catalyser, Sodium hydroxide was examined but this was unsuitable substance for this reaction. e. On Formic acid catalysers. The maximum yield conditions were mol ratio (Benzoin: Urea: Formic acid) 1: 2: 30. Formic acid concentration 85.%. Reaction temperature 150∼110$^{\circ}$. Under reaction time of 90 minutes, the best yield was 87%. Hereby, it was proved that organic acids such as Acetic acid and Formic acid can be used. When using Acetic acid, the yield was better than Formic acid, but it takes longer reaction time than Formic acid. About the fluorescent effect, the temperature of dye-bath must not be over 90$^{\circ}$. and the ratio of 4,5-Diphenyl Imidazolone and water should be from 1:50000. to 1:10000. It proved that the best effect on textiles, and the best condition were dye-temperature near 704,5-Diphenyl Imidazolone is synthesized from Benzoin, Urea, and Acetic acid catalyser. Nowadays, it is being used as an optical bleaching agent for wool and nylon textiles. Up to now, only one process of synthesis has been known. In order to find out the best conditions governing the yield were examined under various catalysers and conditions. In this experiment, the summary of results were as follows. a. On Acetic acid catalyser. The maximum yield conditions were mol ratio (Benzoin: Urea: Acetic acid) 1 : 2 : 14, Acetic acid concentration 99.9%. Reaction temperature 115$^{\circ}C$. . Under reaction time of 2 hours, above yield was 96.4%. b. On Mineral acid Catalyser. In using of Sulfonic acid, the color of solution was changed dark purlish black. With other mineral acid catalysers, in spite of increasing of temperature, it was proved that Benzoin floats on the solution, so that this reaction could not be continue. c. On Phosphoric acid catalyser. It was made clear that it can not be used for this reaction. d. On Sodium hydroxide catalyser. As one of Alkali catalyser, Sodium hydroxide was examined but this was unsuitable substance for this reaction. e. On Formic acid catalysers. The maximum yield conditions were mol ratio (Benzoin: Urea: Formic acid) 1: 2: 30. Formic acid concentration 85%. Reaction temperature 150∼110$^{\circ}C$. Under reaction time of 90 minutes, the best yield was 87%. Hereby, it was proved that organic acids such as Acetic acid and Formic acid can be used. When using Acetic acid, the yield was better than Formic acid, but it takes longer reaction time than Formic acid. About the fluorescent effect, the temperature of dye-bath must not be over 90$^{\circ}C$. and the ratio of 4,5-Diphenyl Imidazolone and water should be from 1:50000. to 1:10000. It proved that the best effect on textiles, and the best condition were dye-temperature near 70$^{\circ}C$. and dye-time 15 minutes. . and dye-time 15 minutes. . and the ratio of 4,5-Diphenyl Imidazolone and water should be from 1:50000. to 1:10000. It proved that the best effect on textiles, and the best condition were dye-temperature near 70$^{\circ}C$. and dye-time 15 minutes.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.284-290
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• 2016

In this research, recombinant human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4-immunoglobulin (hCTLA4Ig) was produced by transgenic rice cells. RAmy3D promoter was used for overcome the limitation of low expression level in transgenic plant cells, and the secretion of target protein was accomplished by signal peptide. However, the RAmy3D promoter system which can be induced only by sugar starvation causes the decrease of cell viability. As a result, cell death promotes the release of protease which degrades the target proteins. The protein stability and productivity can be significantly influenced by proteolysis activity. Therefore, development of new strategies are necessary for the in situ recovery of target proteins from cell culture media. In this study, in situ recovery was performed by various strategies. Direct addition of Protein A resin with nylon bag leads to cell death by increased shear stress and decrease in production of hCTLA4Ig by protease. Medium exchange through modified flask could recover hCTLA4Ig with high cell viability and low protease activity, on the other hand, the productivity was lower than that of control. When in situ recovery was conducted at day 7 after induction in air-lift bioreactor, 1.94-fold of hCTLA4Ig could be recovered compared to control culture without in situ recovery. Consequently, in situ recovery of hCTLA4Ig from transgenic rice cell culture could enhance productivity significantly and prevent degradation of target proteins effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.352-359
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• 2013

To estimate the mesh selectivity of gillnet for ocellate spot skate (Okamejei kenojei), the field tests were carried out 12 times with six different mesh sizes (121.2mm, 137.7mm, 151.5mm, 168.3mm, 178.2mm, 189.4mm) in the coastal waters of Taean, Chungcheongnamdo of Korea, 2010~2011. In the field tests, the total number of species was 31, and that of catch was 1,410 and the total weight was 618,006g. The number and weight of ocellate spot skate which is main target in this study were 1,004 and 434,592g, respectively. The catch in number of ocellate spot skate occupied about 71.2% in total catch. The others of catch species were marbled sole (8.4%), sea raven (4.4%), japanese swimming crab (4.2%) and flatfish (4.1%) and so on. The range of body disk width (DW) of ocellate spot skates which were caught in this study was 15.2~35cm and the mode was 27~29cm. The estimation equation of mesh selectivity using the extended Kitahara's method was expressed as s $(R)=s(DW/m)={\exp}\{(-0.56R^3-1.80R^2+12.96R-9.99)-4.26\}$. The optimum value of DW/m for 1.0 of retention probability in this estimation equation was estimated 1.899 and DW/m was estimated to be 1.194, 1.314, 1.395, 1.461 and 1.520 when the retention probability were 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5, respectively. When applied to the retention probability of 0.5, the optimum mesh size was estimated to be 177.0mm on first maturity disk width 26.9cm of ocellate spot skate.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.531-539
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• 2016

Charcoal dyed fabrics have been widely used in home textiles and functional clothing due to their anti-statics, antibacterial, deodorization, far infrared emitting and anion releasing. Soybean fiber were regenerated from soybean. Soybean fiber have biodegradable, microbiocidal, non-allergic, and anti-ageing properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dyeing characteristics of soybean fabric using charcoal as colorants. Soybean fabrics were dyed with charcoal solution according to concentration of charcoal, dyeing temperature, and dyeing time. To improve washing fastness and investigate mordanting condition, soybean fabric and dyed soybean fabric with charcoal were mordanted by mordanting agents such as $CH_3COOH$(acetic acid), NaCl(sodium chloride) and $AlK(SO_4)_2{\cdot}12H_2O$(Aluminium Potassium Sulfate). Dyeability and color characteristics of charcoal dyed soybean fabric were obtained by computer color matching and SEM morphology analysis. Particle size of charcoal and color fastness were also investigated. The results obtained were as follows; Mean average diameter of charcoal was $1.39{\mu}m$. The dyeability of soybean fabric using charcoal as colorants was increased gradually with increasing concentration of charcoal dyeing solution and saturated at about 8%(o.w.b.). The optimum dyeing temperature and dyeing time were $90{\sim}105^{\circ}C$ and 60~90 minutes respectively. The overall wash fastness at dyeing concentration 2~4%(o.w.b.) and 6~10%(o.w.b.) were 4 degree and 3-4 degree respectively. The fastness to washing according to mordanting method indicated good grade result as more than 4 degree in all conditions. On the other hand, the staining of adjacent fabrics, i.e. PET, Acryl, Wool, Acetate, Nylon and Cotton was found to be of grade 4 or 4-5 in all conditions.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.153-167
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• 2015

This paper proposes knit slacks patterns by lower body shape of middle-aged women. In addition, this paper aims to propose a design method for a prototype of nice knit slacks using the properties of knitwear. To select basic woven slack patterns which would be used in designing prototype of knit slacks for middle-aged women, two industrial slack patterns and two educational slack patterns were collected, and lab coats were prefabricated using muslin. Then, a shape test was performed by an evaluation board which consisted of eight experts who majored in Clothing Construction. Using blended yarn (1/17's) with 64% wool, 23% rayon and 13% nylon, 12G knit slacks in plain stitch were made. In terms of waist circumference of knit slacks, the front and the back were set to W/4+1+2(D) and W/4-1+2(D), respectively, with 1cm of difference using waist circumference (Omphalion) to cover the abdominal circumference. To make the front-back width of the side line even, the front waist circumference was increased by 1cm. The ease of hip circumference was set to 4cm in total with H/4+1+0.8 in front and H/4+1-0.8 in the back (0.8cm in difference). Crotch length was set by adding 3cm (width of waist belt) after deducting crotch height from waist height (Omphalion). The center front angle was shifted by 1cm while the center back angle was shifted from the center front to the side line by 5cm.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.78-86
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• 2009

When scouring and contraction finishing at $90^{\circ}C$ using Relaxer or Rotary Washer contraction and weight loss ratio in warp and weft directions were excellent. Also surface state of fabric after drying or sanding treatment was excellent without crease. Low melting polyester fabric showed a complete melting bond by heat setting(P/S) at above $160^{\circ}C$. The alkali hydrolysis reaction of polyester showed the breakpoint in the weight loss behavior test, polyester yarn showed a breakpoint ranging from 25% to 28%. This is due to the difference of the hydrolysis rate between regular polyester and soluble polyester. Initially the soluble polyester was eluted and micro-fibrillized 5 times faster than a regular polyester. At a later time, a regular polyester was reduced weight to impart a proper flexibility and drape property to the fabric. As a result of surface sanding finishing, the surface of interior fabric showed a surface state most stabilized when using Mesh No. 220 in mono 0.2d after elution finishing. When the rotation direction of sanding roller was pro-, pro-, pro-, and retro-direction, a directional effect of tuft was not shown, a writing effect as suede was exhibited and a surface state was even. Sublimation fastness was 3-4 class for polyester and 2-4 class for nylon. Light fastness 3-4 class after lapse of 100 hours and 2-4 class after lapse of 160 hours. Abrasion fastness was 3-4 class on wet and 4-5 class on dry Laundry fastness was 2-4 class. As such, the abrasion fastness is slightly reduced upon wetting and the use thereof for interior is excellent, whereas laundry fastness is slightly lowered.