• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.626-635
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• 2009

그동안 학교에서 영양교육이 활성화되지 못했던 이유로 가장 많이 언급되었던 '영양사가 교사신분이 아니어서'가 해결된 상황에서 영양교사 자신과 영양교사를 양성하는 교육자 및 영양교사 연수프로그램 개발자들이 관심을 가져야 하는 이슈는 교육시간의 확보, 영양교사의 역할 수행을 위한 자질 강화라고 할 수 있다. 영양교사의 자질은 학교급식과 영양교육 상담의 질을 결정하는 중요한 요소로, 타당성 있고 신뢰도 높은 역량의 규명은 영양교사의 전문적 발전을 위해 반드시 필요한 과정이다. 본 연구에서는 영양교사 양성과정을 수료하거나 과정 중에 있는 영양사와 학교 영양사들을 대상으로 효과적인 영양교사로서 직무 수행에 필요한 역량의 요구도와 영양사가 인식하는 스스로의 역량 수준을 비교 하여 향후 영양교사의 자질향상과 교육 프로그램의 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 학교급식 영양사들은 재무관리를 제외한 모든 영역에서 영양교사가 갖추어야 할 역량에 대한 요구도를 높이 평가하였고 특히 위생 및 안전관리, 영양상담, 영양교육, 교수실무 관련 역량의 요구도를 높이 인식하였다. 그러나 자신의 역량 수준을 평가한 결과에서는 모든 역량이 보통 또는 그 이하의 평가를 받았고 특히 영양교사에게서 요구도가 높았던 영양교육, 영양상담, 교수실무에 대한 스스로의 평가가 낮게 나타났다. 업무영역별로 효과적인 영양교사에게 요구되는 역량의 수준과 영양사 스스로가 평가한 자신의 역량 수준을 비교한 결과에서도 모든 영역에서 역량 요구도가 영양사 자신의 평가보다 유의적으로 높게 나타나 영양교사의 역할을 확대하고 학교에서의 영양교육을 활성화하기 위해 영양교사의 역량 강화를 위한 교육이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 영양사들이 인식하는 영양교사의 역량 요구도는 영양사의 경력이나 영양교사 관련 교육 종류에 따라 차이가 없었다. 그러나 기존 학교급식 영양사로서 수행해 온 업무와 관련해서는 근무 경력이 증가할수록 역량에 대한 자신의 평가는 높아졌으나 영양교사 도입 후 추가된 업무 영역인 교수실무 관련 역량에 대한 자기 평가는 경력과 반드시 일치하지는 않았다. 향후 영양교사의 양성 및 연수 프로그램 개발에 있어서 강조되어야 할 역량의 우선순위를 결정하기 위해 격자분석을 실시한 결과 영양 및 메뉴 관리 영역, 위생 및 안전관리 영역, 인적자원관리 영역의 역량 등 총 14개 역량이 자신의 평가가 높고 영양교사에게도 계속해서 중요한 역량으로 규명되었고, 영양교육, 영양상담, 교수실무에 속하는 모든 역량은 영양교사에게 요구도는 높으나, 응답자들의 스스로의 평가가 낮은 영역에 포함되어 향후 영양교사 관련 교육에서 가장 우선시 되어야 할 것으로 나타났다. 조사 당시 학교 영양사의 다양한 특성을 반영하고자 두 가지 샘플링 방법을 적용하고, 회수율을 높이기 위해 직접 배포후 회수하거나 응답을 독려하는 우편엽서를 발송했음에도 불구하고 회수율이 32%이었고 서울과 경기지역 학교 영양사만을 대상으로 조사를 실시하여 연구 결과를 전국의 학교 영양사에 일반화하는 데는 한계가 있을 것이다. 그러나 효과적인 영양교사가 갖추어야 할 역량의 종류와 영양사가 인식하는 요구도, 그 역량에 대한 영양사의 자기 평가에 대해서는 처음 보고된 연구라 할 수 있다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 영양교사를 양성하는 대학교와 교육대학원 교육자들이 교육과정 개발에 활용할 수 있을 것이고, 교육청 단위로 이루어지는 영양교사의 연수프로그램 개발에도 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 조사가 영양교사 배치 직전에 실시되어 조사과정중에 고려되지 못했지만 향후에는 영양교사의 경력에 따라 역량의 차이를 파악하여 역량 수준에 따른 차별화된 영양교사 연수프로그램이 개발되어야 할 것이다. 학교급식이 끊임없이 변화하는 환경과 상호작용하는 열린 시스템임을 고려 할 때 효과적인 영양교사로 역할을 수행하기 위해 요구되는 역량의 내용과 중요도 역시 고정된 것이 아니므로 환경 변화에 따라 주기적으로 검토, 보완되어야만 가치가 있을 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.262-269
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a health education program for child care workers of infants, toddlers and preschoolers to improve their care ability. The program provided child care teachers and children with information on how to take care of their health. Method: This program development was based on a systematic design of instruction by Dick & Carey(1996). The process included a review of literature, setting an instructional goal, getting advice from various experts, designing instruction and instructional medias, designing formative evaluation, revising the program and making a summative evaluations. Result: The products of this program were the 'Teachers Guide Book & CD-ROM.' The guide book included health education programs for infants, toddlers and preschoolers. The infant program included a basic baby care program for teachers. The toddlers and preschoolers program included basic health promotion, dental health, nutrition management, communicable disease prevention, substance abuse prevention and a safety program. Conclusion: These programs provided a systematic content of health education for children and their teachers, and useful data which can be applied to child care centers.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.356-367
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• 2004

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutritional education program conducted by public health center in Jinju city for obese women. The subjects of this study consisted of 27 obese women(BMI $\geq$ 25) aged 35∼55 years in Jinju area, and the educational period was 6 weeks. We evaluated the anthropometric parameters and biochemical indices, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, nutritional attitude of obese women before and after the nutritional education. And also daily intake during the educational period were measured. Weight, obesity index, BMT, waist circumferences and hip circumferences of obese women were significantly decreased(p<0.001) after nutritional education, but changes of WHR, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were not significant. There were no significant difference in total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, LDH and blood glucose level in serum before and after the nutritional education, but the indices tend to decrease after the nutritional education. There was significantly different change of dietary behaviors in 3 items among the dietary behavior after the nutritional education. Their dietary habit, dietary behavior and nutritional attitude scores were significantly improved after the nutritional education. Mean daily energy intakes was low compared with the RDA as 78.88%. The average carbohydrates, protein, fat ratio on the energy intakes was 63 : 17 : 20. The proportion of energy intake from snacks the was 12.91${\pm}$6.15%.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to define the job description for food safety specialist, and to describe the duties and tasks of the job based on the detailed analysis of specific food safety work performed by dietitians. The job analysis was 8 professional panels and a Developing A Curriculum(DACUM) facilitator. The research was done in order to fully define the task element, process, and sequence of a food specialist and was completed by DACUM analysis. The job definition of food safety specialist is one who manages food safety through analysis, safety evaluation, inspection, and hazard blocking in all processes related to the purchase, distribution, storage, manufacture, and marketing of foods and food materials. The job description on the DACUM research chart for food safety specialist contained 7 duties and 79 tasks. Its duties were defined as the specific and independent work of a food safety specialist, and were composed of 7 duties, i.e. hazard analysis of foods and related affairs, safety evaluation of purchased food materials, safety management of food/food materials distribution/storage, safety management of food manufacture, safety examination of food marketing, administration affairs on food safety, and self-development. For the future, this study suggests a curriculum, that shall be basis of program planning and food safety operation for subjects within many schools.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-85
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• 2005

The study aimed to perform the qualitative analysis of food and nutrition informations offered in TV program by monitoring newscastings, health-related programs giving food and nutrition information, dramas for family, education programs for children, and information programs for elderly in major TV broadcasting station(KBS, MBC, SBS, EBS). In this study, statistical analysis were done for numbers of information items related to health or food and nutrition informations. Duration of program the main, subject, sources, evaluation criteria of the contents. Results of qualitative monitoring for TV program are as follows. For health-related informations major propotions of subjects for the newscastings were about diseases. Those for health information programs were about foods. Those for children-education programs were about groceries. Those for seniors’ information programs were about eating habits. The analysis of food and nutrition information sources for most of programs were interviews with specialist and normal person, and on-the-spot-investingations. For food and nutrition informations those were evaluated as inappropriate, the propotion of news was increased to 72.2% in 2003 from 49.3% in 2002. For health information programs, it was increased to 67.7% in 2003 from 54.0% in 2002. But, in drama the propotion of inappropriate scenes were decreased to 16.2% in 2003 from 63.2% in 2002. In children-education programs, it was 40.0%. In seniors’ information programs, it was 17.9% in 2002. The propotion of cases that the quantity of foods is inappropriate in the food scene of serial drama, decreased to 15.8% in 2003 from 28.6% in 2002. The rate of drinking scenes increased to 11.5% from 10.7%. The rate of smoking scenes decreased to 0.2% from 1.6% due to the broadcasting self-regulation of smoking scenes in dramas. In the newscatings and information programs, reasons of being evaluated as inappropriate was that they didn’t have any practical suggestions and proper intakes. There were also insufficient explanation for technical terminology, different comparison standard of nutritive value, and exaggeration for physiological effect of food. The drama contained a lot of unnecessary scenes of alcohol drinking, coffee drinking, midnight meal, and had more quantity of foods than the quantity needed for persons to the scene. As the result of this study, the rate of food and nutrition information were high, but the rate of information which was evaluate as appropriate was not sufficient. There are need to improve contents of information and to moniter the contents for consumer.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.350-357
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• 2009

본 연구는 대구시 8개 병원과 사업체에 근무하는 직장인 251명을 대상으로 교육집단 166명, 비교육집단 85명으로 나누어 5주간 저염화 영양교육 프로그램을 운영하고 그 효과를 평가하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 저염화 교육프로그램 실시 결과 교육전 두 집단간의 짠맛에 대한 미각판정치에 차이가 없었으나, 교육 후 교육집단의 경우 미각판정치가 유의하게 감소하였다 (p < 0.001). 또 한 교육 후 영양지식, 짜게 먹는 식태도 및 식행동이 비교육 집단에서는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 교육집단에서는 모두 유의하게 개선되었다 (p < 0.001). 2) 교육집단에서 24시간 소변 수집을 통한 나트륨 섭취량은 교육 전에 비해 교육 후 감소하였으나, 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 3) 외식 빈도가 잦을수록, 외식비가 높을수록 짜게 먹는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 미각판정치와 짜게 먹는 식행동 및 식태도간 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었다. 또한 짜게 먹는 식태도와 나트륨 섭취량간에 유의한 상관관계를 나타내어 식태도가 나쁠수록 나트륨 섭취량이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.1244-1257
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• 1997

The goals of the School Lunch Program(SLP) are to provide school children with approximately one -third of their daily nutrition requirements at a reasonable price, to foster good food habits, and to contribute to a better understanding of nutrition. In order to provide guidelines and appropriate nutritional information for SLP planning, and to identify inexpensive sources of each nutrient, representative SLP menus were analyzed for nutrient density using the Index of Nutritional Quality(INQ) and for nutrient cost. Recipes and prices of 776 meals were collected from 10 SLP primary schools in Seoul and Kyunggi province in Korea during 1995. From 4829 menu items in 776 meals, the 100 most frequently used menus were selected as representative SLP menus. From these 100 menus, eleven categories of menu were identified according to cooking methods and ingredients. Selected menus were placed into these 11 groups, with 3 to 5 menus in each except the milk group which contained only milk. The mean nutrient content, INQs, and nutrient-cost ratios were calculated for each menu and menu group. Among the 100 representative SLP menus, 'Jiajang-rice' contained the highest energy per serving portion. 'Grilled pollack ' was the highest in protein, 'Seasoned spinach ' in vitamin A, 'Spagehetti' in vitamin B1 , niacin and iron, 'Kongjorim'(hard-boiled bean with sauce) in vitamin B2 , strawberry in vitamin C, and 'fish stew ' and milk in calcium. Among the 11 menu groups, the 'One-dish' group was found to be the highest in energy , protein, vitamin A, B$_1$ and iron. The milk group was a good source of vitamin B$_2$ and calcium . The meat side dish group (panbroiled, fried or steamed )was the most suitable for providing niacin. The fruit group provided the highest level of vitamin c per portion. The nutrient densities(INQs) were found in the soup group (protein), Kimchi group(vitamin A), fruit group(vitamin B$_1$ and C), milk group(vitamin B$_2$ and calcium), stew group(niacin )and vegetable side dish group(energy, protein, vitamin B$_1$ and niacin) , vegetable side dish group(vitamin A), milk group(vitamin B$_2$ and calcium) , fruit and Kimchi groups(vitamin C), and stew group(iron). This information should be useful for school dietitians in planning most nutritious SLP menus with limited budgets. It could also be used for basic guidelines in nutrition education, and for future improvement of the SLP in Korea.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2007

This study was designed to evaluate Saturday nutrition classes for obese elementary students in Chungnam Province. Obesity index, nutrient intake, nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude, and self-satisfaction of 36 obese elementary students were compared before and after attending nutrition classes every other Saturday for 3 months. The average age, height, weight, body fat, % body fat, and obesity index were 11.9 years, 145.5 cm, 53.3 kg, 24.5 kg, 45.7%, and 32.4%, respectively. Most of the subjects(94.5%) viewed themselves as fat. Sixty-three percent of children were discontent with their body-image. All answered that they have experience with weight control. The major methods of weight control were exercise and reduction of snacks. The mean serum cholesterol, blood glucose, GOT/GPT, and hemoglobin were 177.4 mg/dL, 90.4 mg/dL, 25.8/25.5 IU/L, 14.5 g/dL, respectively. After attending nutrition classes, the daily intakes of energy, plant protein, plant fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber, and cholesterol increased significantly. The scores for nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude, and self-satisfaction also increased after nutrition classes, but there were no significant differences. Percent body fat decreased significantly after nutrition classes. In conclusion, nutrition education for elementary students is effective for the prevention and control of obesity. Further research is needed to develop a systematic program of nutrition education for obese children.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.310-315
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to: a) develop the quality assessment tool of Web-based Instruction (WBI) for nutrition education, b) evaluate the operated WBI (NutriZone) by this tool, and c) do the feasibility study about quality assessment tool for WBI by establishing the instruction and operating strategies. The developed quality assessment tool of WBI for nutrition education was divided into three categories of instruction design, contents and support ＆ operation. And a total of forty items were measured by Likert 5 point scale, computed as one point per item, and amounted to forty points in all. As a result of evaluation, NutriZone got 21.79 out of 40 points and fulfillment rate of 54.5%. The IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) was applied to establish the instruction and operating strategies, and nine items characterized as attractiveness, multimedia, and learner-initiative were in 'Doing Great, Keep It Up', and so it was regar-ded as program designed with concern in WBI's characteristics unlike the conventional face-to-face education. But twelve items such as 'Errors on switch to other screens are few.', 'Ready correction leads to be out of systemic error.', 'Highlight marks and moving pictures were used in sign of importance.' and etc. that got high importance and low performance needed to be focused in instructional strategy.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.227-235
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• 2016

Obesity is a major risk factor for various metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we prepared ethanol extracts from Agastache rugosa (ARE), Chrysanthemum zawadskii (CZE), Mentha arvensis (MAE), Perilla frutescens (PFE), Leonurus sibiricus (LSE), Gardenia jasminoides (GJE), and Lycopus coreanus (LCE). The anti-oxidant and anti-adipogenic effects were evaluated. The $IC_{50}$ values for ascorbic acid and LCE against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals were $246.2{\mu}g/mL$ and $166.2{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, followed by ARE ($186.6{\mu}g/mL$), CZE ($198.6{\mu}g/mL$), MAE ($337.1{\mu}g/mL$), PFE ($415.3{\mu}g/mL$), LSE ($548.2{\mu}g/mL$), and GJE ($626.3{\mu}g/mL$). In non-toxic concentration ranges, CZE had a strong inhibitory effect against 3T3-L1 adipogenes (84.5%) than those of the other extracts. Furthermore, the anti-adipogenic effect of CZE is largely limited in the early stage of adipogenesis, and we revealed that the inhibitory role of CZE in adipogenesis is required for the activation of Wnt signaling. Our results provide scientific evidence that the anti-adipogenic effect of CZE can be applied as an ingredient for the development of functional foods and nutri-cosmetics for obesity prevention.