• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.477-484
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to present basic data for developing concrete with EMP shielding as the structure materials when constructing an EMP shielded building structure. In order to use metal-based recycled aggregates with excellent conductivity and easy procurement for EMP shielding concrete, an evaluation of the stability evaluation and EMP shielding performance was performed. Through the stability evaluation, it was found that the coarse aggregate stability criterion was satisfied, but the oxidized slag did not satisfy the fine aggregate stability criterion, the oxidized slag is not satisfied. In addition, as a result of fresh concrete, the workability is increased and the air volume is decreased. The compressive strength is increased due to the high density and coarse granularity of the recycled aggregates, which increased the cement paste and adhesion, thereby increasing the compressive strength. The results of an EMP shielding test show that aggregates with high shielding performance are electronic arc furnace(EAF) Oxidizing Slag and Cooper Slag. The shielding performance is expected to increase if the average particle size of aggregate is small or uniformly distributed.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.40-44
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• 2003

Soil-borne infectious disease including Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani causes severe damage to plants, such as cucumber. This soil-borne infectious disease was not controlled effectively by chemical pesticide. Since these diseases spread through the soil, chemical agents are usually ineffective. Instead, biological control, including antagonistic microbe can be used as a preferred control method. An efficient method was developed to select an antagonistic strain to be used as a biological control agent strain. In this new method, surface tension reduction potential of an isolate was included in the ‘decision factor’ in addition to the other factors, such as growth rate, and pathogen inhibition rate. Considering these 3 decision factors by a statistical method, an isolate from soil was selected and was identified as Bacillus sp. GB16. In the pot test, this strain showed the best performance among the isolated strains. The lowest disease incidence rate and fastest seed growth was observed when Bacillus sp. GB16 was used. Therefore this strain was considered as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The action of surface tension reducing component was deduced as the enhancement of wetting, spreading, and residing of antagonistic strain in the rhizosphere. This result showed that new selection method was significantly effective in selecting the best antagonistic strain for biological control of soil-borne infectious plant pathogen. The antifungal substances against P. aphanidermatum and R. solani were partially purified from the culture filtrates of Bacillus sp. GB16. In this study, lipopeptide possessing antifungal activity was isolated from Bacillus sp. GB16 cultures by various purification procedures and was identified as a surfactin-like lipopeptide based on the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS), and quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) ESI-MS/MS data. The lipopeptide, named GB16-BS, completely inhibited the growth of Pythium aphanidermatum, Rhizoctonia solani, Penicillium sp., and Botrytis cineria at concentrations of 10 and 50 mg/L, respectively. A novel method to prevent the foaming and to provide oxygen was developed. During the production of surface active agent, such as lipopeptide (surfactin), large amount of foam was produced by aeration. This resulted in the carryover of cells to the outside of the fermentor, which leads to the significant loss of cells. Instead of using cell-toxic antifoaming agents, low amount of hydrogen peroxide was added. Catalase produced by cells converted hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water. Also addition of corn oil as an oxygen vector as well as antifoaming agent was attempted. In addition, Ca-stearate, a metal soap, was added to enhance the antifoam activity of com oil. These methods could prevent the foaming significantly and maintained high dissolved oxygen in spite of lower aeration and agitation. Using these methods, high cell density, could be achieved with increased lipopeptide productivity. In conclusion to produce an effective biological control agent for soil-borne infectious disease, following strategies were attempted i) effective screening of antagonist by including surface tension as an important decision factor ii) identification of antifungal compound produced from the isolated strain iii) novel oxygenation by $H_2O_2-catalase$ with vegetable oil for antifungal lipopeptide production.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.343-352
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• 2013

In this study, a smooth flat surface, low fin, Turbo-B, and Thermoexcel-E surfaces are used to examine the effect of the flow velocity on the pool boiling heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) and critical heat fluxes (CHFs). HTCs and CHFs are measured on a smooth square heater of $9.53{\times}9.53mm^2$ at $60^{\circ}C$ in a pool of pure water at various fluid velocities of 0, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 m/s. Test results show that for all surfaces, CHFs obtained with flow are higher than those obtained without flow. CHFs of the low fin surface are higher than those of the Turbo-B and Thermoexcel-E surfaces due largely to the increase in surface area and sufficient fin spaces for the easy removal of bubbles. CHFs of the low fin surface show even 5 times higher CHFs as compared to the plain surface. On the other hand, both Turbo-B and Thermoexcel-E surfaces do not show satisfactory results because their pore sizes are too small and water bubbles easily cover them. At low heat fluxes of less than $50kW/m^2$, HTCs increase as the flow velocity increases for all surfaces. In conclusion, a low fin geometry is good for application to steam generators in nuclear power plants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.37-43
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• 2001

1. About fifty thousand of cattle embryos were transferred and 16000 ET-calves were born in 1999. Eighty percents of embryos were collected from Japanese Black beef donors and transferred to dairy Holstein heifers and cows. Since 1985, we have achieved in bovine in vitro fertilization using immature oocytes collected from ovaries of slaughterhouse. Now over 8000 embryos fertilized by Japanese Black bull, as Kitaguni 7~8 or Mitsufuku, famousbulls as high marbling score of progeny tests were sold to dairy farmers and transferred to their dairy cattle every year. 2. Embryo splitting for identical twins is demonstrated an useful tool to supply a bull for semen collection and a steer for beef performance test. According to the data of Dr. Hashiyada(2001), 296 pairs of split-half embryos were transferred to recipients and 98 gave births of 112 calves (23 pairs of identical twins and 66 singletons). 3. A blastomere-nuclear-transferred cloned calf was born in 1990 by a joint research with Drs. Tsunoda, National Institute of Animal Industry (NIAI) and Ushijima, Chiba Prefectural Farm Animal Center. The fruits of this technology were applied to the production of a calf from a cell of long-term-cultured inner cell mass (1988, Itoh et al, ZEN-NOH Central Research Institute for Feed and Livestock) and a cloned calf from three-successive-cloning (1997, Tsunoda et al.). According to the survey of MAFF of Japan, over 500 calves were born until this year and a glaf of them were already brought to the market for beef. 4. After the report of "Dolly", in February 1997, the first somatic cell clone female calves were born in July 1998 as the fruits of the joint research organized by Dr. Tsunoda in Kinki University (Kato et al, 2000). The male calves were born in August and September 1998 by the collaboration with NIAI and Kagoshima Prefecture. Then 244 calves, four pigs and a kid of goat were now born in 36 institutes of Japan. 5. Somatic cell cloning in farm animal production will bring us as effective reproductive method of elite-dairy- cows, super-cows and excellent bulls. The effect of making copy farm animal is also related to the reservation of genetic resources and re-creation of a male bull from a castrated steer of excellent marbling beef. Cloning of genetically modified animals is most promising to making pig organs transplant to people and providing protein drugs in milk of pig, goat and cattle. 6. Farm animal cloning is one of the most dreamful technologies of 21th century. It is necessary to develop this technology more efficient and stable as realistic technology of the farm animal production. We are making researches related to the best condition of donor cells for high productivity of cloning, genetic analysis of cloned animals, growth and performance abilities of clone cattle and pathological and genetical analysis of high rates of abortion and stillbirth of clone calves (about 30% of periparutum mortality). 7. It is requested in the report of Ministry of Health, labor and Welfare to make clear that carbon-copy cattle(somatic cell clone cattle) are safe and heathy for a commercial market since the somatic cell cloning is a completely new technology. Fattened beef steers (well-proved normal growth) and milking cows(shown a good fertility) are now provided for the assessment of food safety.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.593-601
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• 2018

Recently in nuclear medicine, to improve diagnostic value, SUV, semi-quantitative indicator used in PET-CT, is adopted in SPECT-CT. Therefore, this research analyzed correlation of $SUV_{max}$ of two scanners through phantom test, and evaluated possibility of clinical application. Radiopharmaceuticals ($^{18}F$, $^{99m}Tc$) were injected with the ratios of 8:1 and 4:1, considering background radioactivity, into the phantom manufactured with 6 globes of different sizes, and, based on clinical protocol, positive phases were acquired with PET-CT and SPECT-CT scanners, and interesting areas were divided into ROI and VOI, and $SUV_{max}$ of them were measured, and analyzed. Tests found out no statistically significant difference in $SUV_{max}$ measured with two scanners (P>0.05). Thus, $SUV_{max}$ of PET-CT and SPECT-CT had a certain correlation within significant levels, and were evaluated as the same. Accordingly, it seems that $SUV_{max}$ quantitative analysis using SPECT-CT can provide significant diagnostic information as the case of PET-CT.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.333-341
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• 2018

Ferulate is a phenolic compound abundant in wheat germ and bran and has been investigated for its beneficial activities. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of ferulate against the oxidative stress-induced imbalance of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), and serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), in connection with our previous finding that oxidative stress-induced imbalance of PTKs and PTPs is linked with proinflammatory nuclear factor-kappa B $(NF-{\kappa}B)$ activation. To test the effects of ferulate on this process, we utilized two oxidative stress-induced inflammatory models. First, YPEN-1 cells were pretreated with ferulate for 1 hr prior to the administration of 2,2'-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH). Second, 20-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ferulate for 10 days. After ferulate treatment, the activities of PTKs, PTPs, and PP2A were measured because these proteins either directly or indirectly promote $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation. Our results revealed that in YPEN-1 cells, ferulate effectively suppressed AAPH-induced increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity, as well as AAPH-induced PTK activation. Furthermore, ferulate also inhibited AAPH-induced PTP and PP2A inactivation. In the aged kidney model, ferulate suppressed aging-induced activation of PTKs and ameliorated aging-induced inactivation of PTPs and PP2A. Thus, herein we demonstrated that ferulate could modulate PTK/PTP balance against oxidative stress-induced inactivation of PTPs and PP2A, which is closely linked with $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation. Based on these results, the ability of ferulate to modulate oxidative stress-related inflammatory processes is established, which suggests that this compound could act as a novel therapeutic agent.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.162-169
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• 2012

This study detected SCC defects of dissimilar metal welded(STS304 and SA106 Gr. b) pipes using the ultrasonic infrared thermography method and the lock-in image treatment method among infrared thermography method. The infrared excitement equipment has 250 Watt of output and 20 kHz of frequency. By using the ultrasound infrared thermography method, the internal defects of dissimilar metal weld joints of pipes used at nuclear power plants could get detected. By an actual PT test, it was observed that the cracks inside the pipe existed not as a single crack but rather as a multiple cracks within a certain area and generated a hot spot image of a broad area on the thermography image. In addition, UT technology could not easily defects detected by the width of $10\;{\mu}m$ fine hair cracks. but, ultrasound infrared thermography technique was defect detected.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.402-409
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• 2016

It has been found that 4-isopropyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)phenol (KTH-13), a novel compound isolated from Cordyceps bassiana, is able to suppress tumor cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis. To mass-produce this compound, we established a total synthesis method. Using those conditions, we further synthesized various analogs with structural similarity to KTH-13. In this study, we aimed to test their anti-cancer activity by measuring anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities. Of 8 compounds tested, 4-methyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)phenol (KTH-13-Me) exhibited the strongest anti-proliferative activity toward MDA-MB 231 cells. KTH-13-Me also similarly suppressed the survival of various cancer cell lines, including C6 glioma, HCT-15, and LoVo cells. Treatment of KTH-13-Me induced several apoptotic signs in C6 glioma cells, such as morphological changes, induction of apoptotic bodies, and nuclear fragmentation and chromatin condensation. Concordantly, early-apoptotic cells were also identified by staining with FITC-Annexin V/PI. Moreover, KTH-13-Me highly enhanced the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and decreased the protein level of Bcl-2. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of Src and STAT3 were diminished in KTH-13-Me-treated C6 cells. Therefore, these results suggest that KTH-13-Me can be developed as a novel anti-cancer drug capable of blocking proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and blocking cell survival signaling in cancer cells.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.51-57
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• 2003

Mitigation of fast neutron irradiation damage on reactor vessel and improvement of mechanical integrity are desired for the successful plant life-time extension. In this study, the performance of metallic hydride for this application is reviewed and compared. First, selected prospective metallic hydrides are evaluated by MCNP code and put into the attenuation test using Cf-252 neutron source. Since for the reactor application high moderation and reflection with no absorption are favored, Z factor is introduced for the evaluation. According to the Z value estimation $ZrD_2$ and $TiD_2$ are turned out to be the most favorable fast neutron shielding materials. More thorough evaluation by computer simulation and experimentally, will be followed.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 1997.12a
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• pp.159-176
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• 1997

This paper deals with demand surveys for big science and technology research facilities and equipments to advance national S'||'&'||'T research infrastructure. We perform surveys thrice based on applied Delphi method on the future demand of big S'||'&'||'T research facilities and equipments among Korean scientists and engineers. We employ the concept of big S'||'&'||'T research facilities and equipments as follows: \circled1 The operating size of it is equivalent to that of an institute or research center, and/or \circled2 The users in various disciplines are many, and/or \circled3 The application areas or spill-over effects are large, and/or \circled4 The scale and scope of research objects is equivalent to that of mega science area such as earth.oceanography.space, and/or \circled5 The expenses for installing and operating it are to be supported by government, and/or \circled5 The facilities are expected as necessary for international joint research, and/or \circled7 It is necessary for promoting creative basic science and developing creative technology. We ask the respondents to answer the following questionnaire: - How to prioritize the equipments according to the degree of importance\ulcorner $\square$ Promotion of basic science and mega science, the development of the technologies to enhance the public welfare, the competitiveness of industrial technologies, the job creation for the S'||'&'||'T personnel, and international cooperation. - Who should be in charge of acquisition and operation of the equipments\ulcorner $\square$ Industry, Government Research Institutes, Academy, ERC and SRC. - When shall we acquire the equipment\ulcorner $\square$ Within 2000, 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017. - How shall we acquire the equipments\ulcorner $\square$ International Joint Development, Domestic Development, Acquisition from Overseas, - How much will the equipment generate spill-over effects to national competitiveness\ulcorner $\square$ Promotion of basic science, contribution to the economy, supply of S'||'&'||'T personnel, and international cooperation. We suggest the following equipments as prioritized candidates after consulting the officers from MOST, MOE, MIC, MOEN and experts from KBSI and STEPI:(table omitted) where, #1, Korea Advanced Liquid Metal Reactor, #2. 800 MHz Superconduction Fourier-Transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer, #3. Ion Accelerator, #4. Seismic Test Facility, #5. Transonic Wind Tunnel, #6. Radio Telescope for Very Long Baseline Interferometer, #7. 3000t Universal(or Large Structure) Testing Machine, #8. Compost Facility or Plasma Pyrolysis Facility.