• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.47-65
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• 2023

Objectives We evaluated the wound healing effects of Dangguijakyak-san (DJ) using C57BL/6 mice that were generated open wound. Methods The study was conducted with seven C57BL/6 mice assigned to each group, divided into the normal group, control group, vitamin E group, DJ low-dose group, DJ high-dose group. We measured total polyphenol, flavonoid contents, the size of the wound, liver function, pro-inflammatory cytokine activity in serum, inflammation-related proteins, adhesion molecules and chemokine proteins, collagen-related proteins in skin tissue and histopathological changes by H&E and Masson's staining. Results DJ treatment significantly reduced the area of the wound compared to the control group. Also, inflammatory cytokines were reduced and the expression of anti-inflammatory-related factors (interleukin-4 [IL-4] and IL-10) was significantly increased in the DJ treatment group. We identified that DJ treatment inhibits both pathways of inflammation, the mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-κB pathway. Moreover, the protein expressions of Sirt1 (sirtuin 1), MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1), ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1), and VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) were decreased by DJ administration. Also, the expression of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type I alpha 1, collagen-related proteins, that help skin recovery was significantly increased in the DJ treatment group. Histopathologically, a relatively thin epithelial layer could be observed in the DJ administration group, as well as an increase in fibroblasts and collagen fibers. Conclusions These data suggest that DJ treatment is effective in wound healing, suppressing inflammatory proteins, increasing skin repair factors and improving histopathological changes caused by wounds.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.449-459
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• 2023

The design and development of underground nuclear waste repositories should cover the performance evaluation of the different components such as the construction materials because the long term stability will depend on their response to the surrounding conditions. In South Korea, Gyeonju bentonite has been proposed as a candidate to be used as buffer and backfilling material, especially in the form of blocks to speed up the construction process. In this study, various cylindrical samples were prepared with different dry density and water content, and their physical and mechanical properties were analyzed and correlated with X-ray CT observations. The main objective was to characterize the samples and establish correlations for non-destructive estimation of physical and mechanical properties through the utilization of X-ray CT images. The results showed that the Uniaxial Compression Strength and the P-wave velocity have an increasing relationship with the dry density. Also, a higher water content increased the values of the measure parameters, especially for the P-wave velocity. The X-ray CT analysis indicated a clear relation between the mean CT value and the dry density, Uniaxial Compression Strength, and P-wave velocity. The effect of the higher water content was also captured by the mean CT value. Also, the relationship between the mean CT value and the dry density was used to plot CT dry densities using CT images only. Moreover, the histograms also provided information about the samples heterogeneity through the histograms' full width at half maximum values. Finally, the particle size and heterogeneity were also analyzed using the Madogram function. This function identified small particles in uniform samples and large particles in some samples as a result of poor mixing during preparation. Also, the μ_max value correlated with the heterogeneity, and higher values represented samples with larger ranges of CT values or particle densities. These image-based tools have been shown to be useful on the non-destructive characterization of bentonite samples, and the establishment of correlations to obtain physical and mechanical parameters solely from CT images.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권5A호
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• pp.901-908
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• 2006

안전성 관련 구조물인 원자력 격납건물은 시간의 흐름에 따라 콘크리트와 텐던의 물리적 성질 변화로 구조거동의 미세한 변화를 가져오기 때문에 주기적 점검을 통한 구조건전성 검증이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 국내 부착식 텐던 격납건물인 CANDU형의 월성 원전을 대상으로 미세 구조거동 분석이 가능한 'SAPONC-CANDU' 프로그램을 개발하였으며, 이는 온도와 시간종속성 영향인자들 즉, 크리프, 건조수축, 텐던의 인장력 하에서 격납건물 콘크리트 속에 매립되어 있는 진동식 와이어 변형률 게이지의 변형률 변화량에 대한 예측값을 계산하는 알고리즘에 기초한다. 개발된 프로그램의 구동을 위해서 변형률 게이지의 계측값이 입력데이타로 사용되고 최종적으로 각각의 변형률 게이지에 대해서 변형률 변화량의 예측값, 예측선, 예측폭이 그래프 형태로 제공되기 때문에 국내 원자력발전소 CANDU형 격납건물의 구조건전성을 평가하는 현장 관리자가 이를 손쉽게 활용할 수 있다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.633-644
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• 2007

The study results regarding the ingredient differences, sensory characteristics, purchasing type, usage and improvement direction for home-made traditional doenjang and factory produced commercial doenjang are as follows. The L-value indicates that home-made traditional doenjang has a higher value in average than the factory produce done, and the a-value indicates the opposite. Home-made traditional doenjang had higher water content than commercial doenjang ; however the pH values of commercial doenjang and home-made were 5.34 and 5.32 respectively, which was very similar. Factory produced commercial doenjang showed higher protein content than the home-made traditional doenjang. Regarding the correlation between ingredients, there was a significantly negative relationship between the L-value and a-value but a significantly positive relationship between the L-value and b-value. There were no significant relationship with water content, pH and protein content. For the color and taste, which are the sensory characteristics, commercial doenjang showed higher value than the traditional doenjang, but for smell, the values were similar. Regarding grittiness, the factory produced commercial doenjang had bigger particles than the traditional doenjang. Preference was a bit higher in the traditional doenjang. Of the 380 study subjects, most were from 40 to 49 years old (65.5%), and the most family type were nuclear families which was a total of 400 people (69%). Moreover, the most residential type was apartment which was 355people (61.2%), and for the monthly income, more than 2,510,000won was 48.3%. For the educational background, college education was 304 people (52.4%), and high school education was 199 people, 34.3%. In the usage, most of the people eat doenjang more than once a week, and usually their parents make the doenjang. People used both commercial doenjang and home-made traditional doenjang >home-made only >factory produced commercial doenjang only in that order. The reasons for using the home-made traditional doenjang aredelicate taste and flavor>more nutritious> anti-cancer ingredients in that order. The reason they use the factory produced commercial doenjang is because they don't know how to make it at home. The things that needed to be improved in the home-made traditional doenjang are bad smell> entire quality> flavor> color in order, indicating that studies for reducing bad smell are required. The things that needed to be improved in the factory produced commercial doenjang are taste & flavor> entire quality>bad smell> color in that order, indicating that people are more concern about it tasting like home-made than the smell. From the above results, we can see that better functional doenjang should be developed for family health and to increase the consumption of the doenjang, which has good functional psychological activities, also more various types of foods that use doenjang and scientific studies to reduce the home-made doenjang smell should be continuously studied. Moreover, studies on how to make the factory produced commercial doenjang taste more like traditional doenjang should be performed.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

This study aimed to offer some basic data for nutrition education to housewives by comparing behaviors of eating out targeted on housewives who live in Daejon surveyed by classification of regions and by family forms. As for their ages, 79 housewives (16.0%) are less than 30, 179 housewives (36.8%) are between 30 and 39, 156 housewives (35.9%) are between 40 and 49 and 74 housewives (15.2%) are more than 50, and as for their final academic careers, 204 housewives (41.9%) graduated from universities, which was the most and as for religions, 172 housewives (35.3%) had no religion, which was the most, and in the case that they had religions, 137 housewives (27.5%) believed in Christianity. And as for occupations, 327 housewives (69.0%) had no job, and in case they had jobs, 123 housewives (25.3%) that occupied the most were professional. As for husbands’ occupations, profession was the most for 143 housewives (29.4%) and as for monthly income, $2\; million\;won{\sim}3\;million$ won was most as 40.0%. As for times of eating out, ‘4 times a year’ was said by 131 housewives (26.9%), which was the most, and as for the times of food home service, ‘seldom’ was said by 221 housewives (45.4%), and as to the expense for eating out a month, ‘less than 100,000 won’ was said by 219 housewives (45.0%), which was the most, and as for the reasons of their eating out, ‘for harmony in a family’ was said by 119 housewives (24.4%). As for times of eating out by general items of housewives, it was appeared that the younger, the higher in education, less in religion, more in occupation, the more professional in their husbands’ jobs, the more nuclear in family forms, fewer in number of family members and the more average family income per a month, they had more times of eating out. Regarding the factors influencing on eating out, ‘high price’, ‘nutritive imbalance’ and ‘use of MSG’ were pointed by 204 housewives (41.9%), 83 housewives (17.0%) and 63 housewives (12.9%) respectively as the problems of food service shops. And as for the question why their went to their regular restaurants, 185 housewives (38.0%) said ‘taste of food’, and the most considerable thing when they selected menu at a restaurant was ‘taste of food’ for 167 housewives (34.3%). The survey showed that a lot of housewives thought the prices at restaurants were high, and they valued taste of food most, therefore food service shops should improve the taste and nutrition of food.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제30권6A호
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• pp.543-560
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• 2010

원자력발전소의 안전 관련 콘크리트 구조물은 비행체의 충격에 대해 안전하게 설계하는데, 충격하중에 의한 스캐빙과 관통을 방지하기 위한 벽체 두께는 경험적 공식에 의해서 결정한다. 이 연구는 관입 및 스캐빙 깊이와 관통두께를 결정하는 기존에 제안된 국부손상 효과 산정식을 기존 실험결과와 비교 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 충격체의 충돌속도가 95~215m/s인 범위에서 충돌실험을 수행한 Kojima의 충돌실험체에 대한 충돌해석을 수행한 후, 실험 및 해석결과의 비교를 통해서 해석모델 및 해석방법의 적정성을 확인하였다. 국부손상 산정식 비교분석에서 실험결과와 잘 맞는 Degen식을 통해 산정된 관통두께가 반영된 RC 슬래브에 대한 충돌해석을 수행한 후, 국부손상 산정식과 해석결과를 비교분석하였다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.1434-1443
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• 2022

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the hypothesis that dietary quercetin (QUE) and coated sodium butyrate (SB) supplementation alleviate oxidative stress in the small intestine of diquat (DIQ)-challenged pullets. Methods: A total of 200 13-week-old pullets were divided into four groups: the control group (CON), the DIQ group, the QUE group, and the coated SB group, and injected intraperitoneally with either saline (CON) or diquat (DIQ, QUE, and SB) to induce oxidative stress on day 0. Results: On the first day, the malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations in the SB group were significantly different from those in the DIQ and QUE groups (p<0.05), and dietary supplementation with SB increased serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels compared with the DIQ group (p<0.05). Quercetin and SB increased the levels of CLAUDIN-1 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the jejunum. On the tenth day of treatment, QUE attenuated the decrease in GSH-PX levels compared to those of the CON group (p<0.05), while SB increased SOD, GSH-PX, and total antioxidant capacity levels compared to those of the DIQ group. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA levels in the QUE and SB groups increased (p<0.05) and CLAUDIN-1 mRNA levels in the QUE and SB groups were upregulated compared to those in the DIQ group ileum tissue. Conclusion: Supplementation of QUE and SB demonstrated the ability to relieve oxidative stress in pullets post DIQ-injection with a time-dependent manner and QUE and SB may be potential antioxidant additives for relieving oxidative stress and protecting the intestinal barrier of pullets.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.267-290
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• 2011

본 연구는 인구학적 특성, 사회경제적 특성, 건강위험행동, 가족관계 만족도가 우리나라 노인 인구 집단의 건강 수준 차이에 미치는 요인을 찾고자 한다. 본 연구를 위해 한국복지패널조사 3차 조사(2008년)의 65세 이상 가구를 추출하여 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 건강 수준 차이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보도록 한다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노인의 정신 건강 수준을 가늠하는 지표로서 우울감에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대해 보면, 교육 수준이 낮을수록, 소득이 적을수록, 음주를 하지 않을수록, 가족관계 만족도가 낮을수록 노인의 우울감이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 노인의 주관적 건강상태에 미치는 요인을 보면, 교육 수준이 낮을수록, 소득이 적을수록, 음주를 하지 않을수록, 가족관계 만족도가 낮을수록 주관적 건강상태가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또 가족관계 가운데서도 노인의 배우자와의 관계, 노인의 자녀와의 만족도는 우울감과 주관적 건강상태에 영향을 미쳤다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 다음과 같은 제언을 할 수 있다. 첫째, 건강 수준의 취약집단인 여성노인을 위한 특화된 정책이 필요하다. 둘째, 건강 수준이 낮은 저소득, 저학력 노인 집단의 건강 수준을 끌어올리기 위한 특화된 정책이 필요하다. 셋째, 노인들의 건강에 영향을 미치는 가정생활 만족도를 높이기 위한 새로운 접근이 요구된다.

• 대한안과학회지
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.480-485
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• 2019

목적: 20년 동안 수정체 내에 잔존했던 안내 이물에 의해 발생한 백내장수술 후 안내염을 경험하였기에 보고하고자 한다. 증례요약: 45세 남자 환자가 3개월 전부터 시작된 우안의 점진적인 시력저하를 주소로 내원하였다. 세극등현미경검사상 우안 수정체전낭의 혼탁, 수정체핵경화, 후낭밑백내장 소견을 보였다. 과거력상 20년 전 못이 우안에 튀어 수상한 기왕력이 있었으며 수상 당시 시행한 세극등현미경검사에서는 안내 이물을 확인하지 못하였다. 환자는 계획에 따라 백내장수술을 시행하기로 하였다. 수정체유화술 중 수정체 내에 금속이물이 발견되어 금속이물을 안전하게 제거하고, 인공수정체를 삽입하였다. 술 후 3일째에 전방축농 소견이 관찰되어 항생제 유리체내주사를 시행하고 강화-항생제 안약을 점안하였다. 이후 전방내 염증 소견은 호전되었으며, 교정시력은 1.0으로 회복되었다. 결론: 외상 시 간과되어 안구 내에 잔존한 이물이 염증과 증상을 일으키지 않아 장기간 수정체 내에 잔존하였다가 이후 백내장을 진행시킨 경우에도 백내장수술 및 안내 이물제거 후 안내염이 발생할 수 있음을 주의해야 한다.

• 분석과 대안
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2017

The article is devoted to the theoretical and practical analysis of Chinese global leadership. The concept of leadership is applied as a methodology, which involves identifying the main factors, such as strategic power, the attractiveness of political institutions, the ability to provide acceptable ideas and the presence of allies that contribute to a comprehensive analysis of the country's leadership potential. The authors also describe the relevance of Chinese global leadership and analyze its domestic, economic and international causes. Moreover, the ''Belt and Road'' initiative is defined as the main mechanism for providing the influence of China on the global level which is now being changed its quantitative component, namely the increasing attention to the security aspects of this initiative. In addition to that, it is important to note that China maintains its economic and political positions in Africa, Central Asia and South-East Asia. Africa has a special role in the Chinese ''Belt and Road'' initiative as a recipient of Chinese investments and a site for the deployment of China's naval facilities to protect the trade routes. On the regional level, China will strive to become a leader of the trade and economic processes in the Asia-Pacific region, the South China Sea and the North Korea nuclear program issues. The American factor in modern international relations, namely so-called "Trump factor", which means the U.S. withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership and the Paris Agreement, will cause demand for Chinese leadership in the Asia-Pacific region and in the world as well. However, in this case a number of questions arise: is China prepared for this? Is Beijing able to bear greater responsibility? Does China have the potential for this? The article concludes that China will not become global leaders in the next 20-30 years, because of internal (political reforms) and foreign policy reasons (doctrinal formulation of foreign policy initiatives, military-political and economic power, international posture and relations with other states). The authors believe that the implementation of Chinese leadership is possible not on the condition of confrontation between China and the United States, but on the establishing of constructive relations between these countries. The last meeting between Trump and Xi Jinping showed a trend for creating channels for dialogue between Beijing and Washington, which can become the basis for interaction. An important place in the work is given to the analysis of development and forecasting the evolution of Russian-Chinese and U.S.-China relations. As for Russia, Moscow should conduct a policy that will not allow it to become a ''junior partner'' of China.