• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.447-468
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• 2015

Modal identification of civil engineering structures based on ambient vibration measurement has been widely investigated in the past decades, and a variety of output-only operational modal identification methods have been proposed. However, vibration modes, even fundamental low-order modes, are not always identifiable for large-scale structures under ambient vibration excitation. The identifiability of vibration modes, deficiency in modal identification, and criteria to evaluate robustness of the identified modes when applying output-only modal identification techniques to ambient vibration responses were scarcely studied. In this study, the mode identifiability of the cable-stayed Ting Kau Bridge using ambient vibration measurements and the influence of the excitation intensity on the deficiency and robustness in modal identification are investigated with long-term monitoring data of acceleration responses acquired from the bridge under different excitation conditions. It is observed that a few low-order modes, including the second global mode, are not identifiable by common output-only modal identification algorithms under normal ambient excitations due to traffic and monsoon. The deficient modes can be activated and identified only when the excitation intensity attains a certain level (e.g., during strong typhoons). The reason why a few low-order modes fail to be reliably identified under weak ambient vibration excitations and the relation between the mode identifiability and the excitation intensity are addressed through comparing the frequency-domain responses under normal ambient vibration excitations and under typhoon excitations and analyzing the wind speeds corresponding to different response data samples used in modal identification. The threshold value of wind speed (generalized excitation intensity) that makes the deficient modes identifiable is determined.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1025-1027
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• 1998

• Journal of Hydrospace Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 1996

It is normal practice to consider bending wave modes only, when one applies SEA (Statistical Energy Analysis) to ship structures because of complexities in SEA modeling and evaluation of coupling loss factors for inplane modes. According to the result of Tratch[1], the inplane wave modes becomes important for the analysis of a foundation structure as the distance from the source and receiver increases. In this paper, the effect of inplane wave modes on structure-borne noise propagation in ship structures is presented. It is shown that the inplane wave could increase the noise level more than 10 dB compared with the results without inplane wave modes at high frequency bands for compartments far from the source location.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.285-290
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• 2013

Both full linear and shallow water edge waves are compared to get a better understanding of edge wave behavior. By using method of separation of variables, we are able to get solution of full linear edge wave presented by Ursell (1952) without derivation. The shallow water edge waves show dispersive features despite being derived from shallow water equations. When bottom slope is mild enough, shallow water edge wave tends to linear edge wave and has some advantages of manipulation. Solution of edge wave generated by a moving landslide of Gaussian shape is constructed by an expansion of shallow water normal modes. Numerical results are presented and discussed on their main features.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.107-127
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• 2008

Wind turbine blades are increasing in magnitude without a proportional increase of stiffness for which reason geometrical and inertial nonlinearities become increasingly important. Often these effects are analysed using a nonlinear truncated expansion in undamped fixed base mode shapes of a blade, modelling geometrical and inertial nonlinear couplings in the fundamental flap and edge direction. The purpose of this article is to examine the applicability of such a reduced-degree-of-freedom model in predicting the nonlinear response and stability of a blade by comparison to a full model based on a nonlinear co-rotating FE formulation. By use of the reduced-degree-of-freedom model it is shown that under strong resonance excitation of the fundamental flap or edge modes, significant energy is transferred to higher modes due to parametric or nonlinear coupling terms, which influence the response and stability conditions. It is demonstrated that the response predicted by such models in some cases becomes instable or chaotic. However, as a consequence of the energy flow the stability is increased and the tendency of chaotic vibrations is reduced as the number of modes are increased. The FE model representing the case of infinitely many included modes, is shown to predict stable and ordered response for all considered parameters. Further, the analysis shows that the reduced-degree-of-freedom model of relatively low order overestimates the response near resonance peaks, which is a consequence of the small number of included modes. The qualitative erratic response and stability prediction of the reduced order models take place at frequencies slightly above normal operation. However, for normal operation of the wind turbine without resonance excitation 4 modes in the reduced-degree-of-freedom model perform acceptable.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.76-80
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• 2011

This paper proposes a method to calculate magnetostrictive forces, displacement, and vibration modes of a large-scale Brushless DC(BLDC) motor by using a magneto-mechanically strong coupling formulation. The force is calculated using the energy method with magnetostrictive stress tensor. The mechanical vibration modes are also analyzed by using the principle of Hamilton and the calculated magneto-elastic forces acting on the surfaces of the stator. To verify the algorithm, 3 MW BLDC motor is simulated, and the forces, displacements, and vibration modes are calculated. The result shows that the mechanically stressed core has more deformation or displacements than those of the normal condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.255-259
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• 2008

A soft-recoil system, which is a new technology, can dramatically reduce a recoil force. Due to the inaccurate explosion, various fault modes may happen. These fault modes can cause the serious damage of the recoil system and must be suppressed to avoid them. In the present study, the fault mode control method of the soft-recoil system is investigated. A hydraulic damper is working under normal mode and a MR damper is additionally working when the fault modes happen. In the design of the fault mode controller, the detection method of the fault mode is important as well as its suppression. The results of the simulation show that the soft-recoil system performs when the fault modes happen.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.973-978
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• 2001

Noise reduction has become a major issue of the manufacturing industry. This paper describes the reduction of noise and vibration of rotary compressors. Empirical design for the present strap of the accumulator has been considered to be sufficient for the constraint of the accumulator resonance modes without thorough study. Recently, however, some researchers found out that the accumulator contributes considerably to the sound propagation. In this paper, the contribution of accumulator to the noise propagation is investigated through sound measuring experiments by checking the directivity of the noise. And, experimental modal analysis results show that frequencies of some resonance modes of the accumulator coincide with the highest peaks on sound spectrum. To demonstrate the reason for those resonance modes, a finite element analysis is conducted. Normal mode analysis of the finite element model of the rotary compressor shows the mechanism of the accumulator resonance modes.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.9
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• pp.87-99
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• 1989

It is desirable to predict the noise and vibration problems of a passenger car in its design stage for a better ride quality. Dominant frequencies of the noise inside a car range from about 50 Hz to 300 Hz and these are frequently caused by the coupling of the acoustic normal modes of the compartment cavity and structural modes of the body. In this paper, car interior noise problem is investigated in view of vibration-acoustic modes coupling and numerical simulation is performed on the interior noise. In the simulation, experimental modal data of the vehicle structure are utilized to improve the accuracy of the analysis. The results are in good agreement with those of experiment on a half scaled vehicle compartment model. Especially, strongly coupled modes can be predicted, which give useful informations to solve noise problems of real car at design stage.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.10 no.4_5
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• pp.471-483
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• 2012

In this paper, the structural health monitoring (SHM) benchmark problem of the Canton tower is studied. Based on the field monitoring data from the 20 accelerometers deployed on the tower, some modal frequencies and mode shapes at measured degrees of freedom of the tower are identified. Then, these identified incomplete modal data are used to update the reduced finite element (FE) model of the tower by a novel algorithm. The proposed algorithm avoids the problem of subjective selection of updated parameters and directly updates model stiffness matrix without model reduction or modal expansion approach. Only the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the normal finite element models corresponding to the measured modes are needed in the computation procedures. The updated model not only possesses the measured modal frequencies and mode shapes but also preserves the modal frequencies and modes shapes in their normal values for the unobserved modes. Updating results including the natural frequencies and mode shapes are compared with the experimental ones to evaluate the proposed algorithm. Also, dynamic responses estimated from the updated FE model using remote senor locations are compared with the measurement ones to validate the convergence of the updated model.