• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.15-31
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• 2023

Organic solar cells utilized natural polymers to convert solar energy to electricity. The demands for green energy production and less disposal of toxic materials make them one of the interesting candidates for replacing conventional solar cells. However, the different aspects of their properties including mechanical strength and stability are not well recognized. Therefore, in the present study, we aim to explore the chaotic responses of these organic solar cells. In doing so, a specific type of organic solar cell constructed from layers of material with different thicknesses is considered to obtain vibrational and chaotic responses under different boundaries and initial conditions. A square plate structure is examined with first-order shear deformation theory to acquire the displacement field in the laminated structure. The bounding between different layers is considered to be perfect with no sliding and separation. On the other hand, nonlocal elasticity theory is engaged in incorporating the structural effects of the organic material into calculations. Hamilton's principle is adopted to obtain governing equations with regard to boundary conditions and mechanical loadings. The extracted equations of motion were solved using the perturbation method and differential quadrature approach. The results demonstrated the significant effect of relative glass layer thickness on the chaotic behavior of the structure with higher relative thickness leading to less chaotic responses. Moreover, a comprehensive parameter study is presented to examine the effects of nonlocality and relative thicknesses on the natural frequency of square organic solar cell structure.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제74권5호
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• pp.611-633
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• 2020

In this paper, a comprehensive review of nanostructures that exhibit piezoelectric behavior on all mechanical, buckling, vibrational, thermal and electrical properties is presented. It is firstly explained vast application of materials with their piezoelectric property and also introduction of other properties. Initially, more application of material which have piezoelectric property is introduced. Zinc oxide (ZnO), boron nitride (BN) and gallium nitride (GaN) respectively, are more application of piezoelectric materials. The nonlocal elasticity theory and piezoelectric constitutive relations are demonstrated to evaluate problems and analyses. Three different approaches consisting of atomistic modeling, continuum modeling and nano-scale continuum modeling in the investigation atomistic simulation of piezoelectric nanostructures are explained. Focusing on piezoelectric behavior, investigation of analyses is performed on fields of surface and small scale effects, buckling, vibration and wave propagation. Different investigations are available in literature focusing on the synthesis, applications and mechanical behaviors of piezoelectric nanostructures. In the study of vibration behavior, researches are studied on fields of linear and nonlinear, longitudinal and transverse, free and forced vibrations. This paper is intended to provide an introduction of the development of the piezoelectric nanostructures. The key issue is a very good understanding of mechanical and electrical behaviors and characteristics of piezoelectric structures to employ in electromechanical systems.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2017

Static and dynamic instability of a viscoelastic carbon nanotube (CNT) embedded on a thermo-elastic foundation are investigated, in this research. The CNT is modeled based on Euler-Bernoulli beam (EBB) and nonlocal small scale elasticity theory is utilized to analyze the structure. Governing equations of the system are derived using Hamilton's principle and differential quadrature (DQ) method is applied to solve the partial differential equations. The effects of variable axial load and diverse boundary conditions on static/vibration instability are studied. To verify the result of the DQ method, the Galerkin weighted residual approach is used for the instability analysis. It is observed appropriate agreement for results of two different solution methods and satisfactory accuracy with those obtained in prior studies. The results of this work could be useful for engineers and designers in order to produce and design nano/micro structures in thermo-elastic medium.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.335-355
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• 2022

It's important to note that the number of studies on the lateral vibration of steel liquid storage tanks has been quite modest in the past. The aim of this research has to look at the variables that affect vibration of storage tanks and to highlight the characteristics of a construction that hasn't received much attention in the literature. The storage tank has pre-sized in the study, and aluminum and steel have chosen as components. The specified material qualities and the factors utilized in the investigation has used to calculate vibration frequency values. The resulting calculations are backed up by tables and graphs, and it's an important to look into the parameters that affect the vibration frequencies that will occur on the designed storage tank vary. In the literature, water tanks are usually modelled as lumped masses. The horizontal stiffness of the column on which it is placed is assumed to be constant throughout. This is an approximation method of solving this problem. The column is handled in this study with a more realistic approach that fits the continuum mechanics in the analysis. The reservoir part is incorporated directly into the problem as the boundary condition.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2014

페리다이나믹 이론은 재료파괴 및 균열진전 해석에 적합하다. 그러나 적분 방정식을 풀기위해 많은 비국부 상호작용을 해석해야만 하기 때문에 일반적으로 사용되는 국부 모델들에 비해 비효율적이다. 따라서 효율적이면서 정확한 해석 모델을 구성하기 위해 페리다이나믹 모델과 다른 국부 모델을 연성하는 연성 해석법의 개발이 필요하다. 연성 방법론 개발을 위해서는 불연속성 혹은 응력 집중이 발생될 것으로 예상되는 영역에는 페리다이나믹 모델을 구성하고 상대적으로 변형 거동이 복잡하지 않은 영역은 국부 모델을 구성하는 방법이 많이 사용된다. 본 연구에서는 최근에 개발된 힘-기반 연성 방법론을 소개한다. 이 방법론에서는 블랜딩 함수를 활용하여 연성 영역을 사이에 두고 페리다이나믹 모델과 탄성체 모델을 연성한다. 수치예제를 통해 연성 모델이 집중하중 해석 혹은 정적파괴 해석 문제를 효율적이고 엄밀하게 해석할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이와 같은 문제들은 일반적인 탄성체 모델을 사용해서는 엄밀한 해석이 어렵다. 반면에 페리다이나믹 모델은 엄밀한 해석이 가능하지만 계산 시간과 비용이 매우 많이 요구된다는 문제점이 있다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 고차미분 연속성을 가지는 형상함수에 기초하여 오일러-베르누이 보 유한요소모델을 정식화하였으며, 다양한 경계조건들에 대하여 그 성능을 평가하였다. 이러한 유한요소 모델들은 새로이 개발되는 고차 보 이론들과 논로컬 탄성이론에 기초한 보 이론들의 유한요소해석에 필요하다. 그러나 고차 연속성을 가지는 유한요소에 대한 성능평가는 문헌에서 찾아보기 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 $C^2$ 및 $C^3$ 두 종류의 고차 유한요소들을 정식화하여 외팔보, 단순지지, 고정-힌지 등의 경계조건들을 적용하고 정적해석을 수행하였다. 고전적인 경계조건들 이외에도 고차 경계조건들이 보의 거동에 미치는 영향을 비교분석하였다. 경계조건에 따라서는 처짐의 미분 값들이 경계주변에서 진동하는 현상이 관찰되었으며, 이는 기하학적 경계조건들에 대하여 뚜렷이 나타난다. 특히 고정단과 같은 경계에서의 변위의 고차미분 조건은 이러한 불안정한 현상을 유발한다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과들은 고차 미분 연속성을 가지는 유한요소 이용에 가이드라인으로서 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.