• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.48-62
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• 1998

Seasonal volume transport on the Texas-Louisiana continental shelf is investigated in terms of objectively fitted transport streamfunction fields based on the current meter data of the Texas­Louisiana Shelf Circulation and Transport Processes Study. Adopted here for the objective mapping is a method employing a two-dimensional truncated Fourier representation of the streamfunction over a domain, with the amplitudes determined by least square fit of the observation. The fitting was done with depth-averaged flow rather than depth-integrated flow to reduce the root-mean-square error. The fitting process filters out $11\%$ of the kinetic energy in the monthly mean transport fields. The shelf-wide pattern of streamfunction fields is similar to that of near-surface velocity fields over the region. The nearshore transport, about 0.1 to 0.3 Sv $(1 Sv= 10^6\;m^3/sec)$, is well correlated with the seasonal signal of along-shelf wind stress. The spring transport is weak compared to other seasons in the inner shelf region. The transport along the shelf break is large and variable. In the southwestern shelf break, transport amounts up to 4.7 Sv, which is associated with the activities of the encroaching of energetic anticyclonic eddies originated in Loop Current of the eastern Gulf of Mexico. The first empirical orthogonal function (EOF) of streamfunction variability contains $67.3\%$ of the variance and shows a simple, shelf-wide, along-shelf pattern of transport. The amplitude evolution of the first EOF is highly correlated (correlation coefficient: 0.88) with the evolution of the along-shelf wind stress. This provides strong evidence that the large portion of seasonal variation of the shelf transport is wind-forced. The second EOF contains $23.7\%$ of the variance and shows eddy activities at the southwestern shelf break. The correlation coefficient between the amplitudes of the second EOF and wind stress is 0.42. We assume that this mode is coupled a periodic inner shelf process with a non-periodic eddy process on the shelf break. The third EOF (accounting for $7.2\% of the variance) shows several cell structures near the shelf break associated with the variability of the Loop Current Eddies. The amplitude time series of the third EOF show little correlation with the along-shelf wind.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.81-88
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• 2017

This paper proposes a method of detecting rain regions from a single image. More specifically, a way of training the deep convolutional neural network based on the collected rain and non-rain patches is presented in a supervised manner. It is also shown that the proposed rain detection method based on deep convolutional neural network can provide better performance than the conventional rain detection method based on dictionary learning. Moreover, it is confirmed that the application of the proposed rain detection for rain removal can lead to some improvement in detail representation on the low-frequency regions of the rain-removed images. Additionally, this paper introduces the rain transfer method that inserts rain patterns into original images, thereby producing rain effects on the resulting images. The proposed rain transfer method could be used to augment rain patterns while constructing rain database.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2015

Avatars are a visual representation of users in a virtual world such as an MMORPG. These avatars are often seen as representations or idealizations of the user's actual self. However, this view does not account for the prevalence of two behaviors: multiple avatars and 'gender swapping'. An exercise and questionnaire were created to study avatar customization practices across players outside the context of any particular game to understand better user motivations in creating their virtual selves. A preliminary trial of the exercise showed little correlation between age or gender and gender swapping. While those of non-traditional sexuality were more likely to gender swap, half of traditional sexuality also swapped. Finally, the personality trait, Openness to Experience, showed promising correlation with gender swapping.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.39
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• pp.473-505
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• 2007

Advertising is regarded as one of media's most proficient instruments of reflecting changing society. It represents the channel through which globalization and consumption culture have spread into everyday life. This study explores the significance and representations of multi-culturalism in contemporary television commercials. For the purpose, the social and historical meanings of the term 'multi-culturalism', generated inside and outside Korea, are discussed. A series of text analysis are followed, focusing on the representation of non-Korean models in terms of ethnicity and race. The result shows that the advertising is the instrument utilized in creating the relationship between multi-culturalism and racialism, which is called 'strategic multi-culturalism'. This strategy commonly happens in today's commercial advertising such as information/telecommunication, real estate/branded apartment complex, and bank/finance market. Despite the increasing number of multi-cultural commercials in the past decade, multi-culturalism in Korean society has not yet fully articulated.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.1082-1092
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• 1996

The design of distrbuted systems is difficult to achieve as the execution patterns of distrbuted systems are typically more complex than those of non- distributed systems. Thus, research toward the development of design methods for distributed systems is quitely needed. As object-oriented systems and distrbuted systems share similar properties, the combination of these two is somehow natural. In this work, a design of distributed systems is introduced. The goal of the method in this paper is to provide assistance to the process of specifying a formal object- oriented specification from graphical representation specification inputs such as data flow diagrams, state transition diagrams and Petri nets. It addresses the extraction of objects, operations and reationshipsfrom the problem domain with emphasis on the specification of the characteristics of distributed systems. This object identification method is supported by a knowledge base that provides for the automated analysis and reasoning about objects and their relationsships. The final object model is represented in a format which provides a formal mechanism for reprsenting the object information.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.1103-1111
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• 1996

The design of distrbuted systems is difficult to achieve as the execution patterns of distrbuted systems are typically more complex than those of non- distributed systems. Thus, research toward the development of design methods for distributed systems is quitely needed. As object-oriented systems and distrbuted systems share similar properties, the combination of these two is somehow natural. In this work, a design of distributed systems is introduced. The goal of the method in this paper is to provide assistance to the process of specifying a formal object- oriented specification from graphical representation specification inputs such as data flow diagrams, state transition diagrams and Petri nets. It addresses the extraction of objects, operations and reationshipsfrom the problem domain with emphasis on the specification of the characteristics of distributed systems. This object identification method is supported by a knowledge base that provides for the automated analysis and reasoning about objects and their relationsships. The final object model is represented in a format which provides a formal mechanism for reprsenting the object information.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.125-168
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• 2015

Dynamic aeroelastic behavior of structurally nonlinear Joined Wings is presented. Three configurations, two characterized by a different location of the joint and one presenting a direct connection between the two wings (SensorCraft-like layout) are investigated. The snap-divergence is studied from a dynamic perspective in order to assess the real response of the configuration. The investigations also focus on the flutter occurrence (critical state) and postcritical phenomena. Limit Cycle Oscillations (LCOs) are observed, possibly followed by a loss of periodicity of the solution as speed is further increased. In some cases, it is also possible to ascertain the presence of period doubling (flip-) bifurcations. Differences between flutter (Hopf's bifurcation) speed evaluated with linear and nonlinear analyses are discussed in depth in order to understand if a linear (and thus computationally less intense) representation provides an acceptable estimate of the instability properties. Both frequency- and time-domain approaches are compared. Moreover, aerodynamic solvers based on the potential flow are critically examined. In particular, it is assessed in what measure more sophisticated aerodynamic and interface models impact the aeroelastic predictions. When the use of the tools gives different results, a physical interpretation of the leading mechanism generating the mismatch is provided. In particular, for PrandtlPlane-like configurations the aeroelastic response is very sensitive to the wake's shape. As a consequence, it is suggested that a more sophisticate modeling of the wake positively impacts the reliability of aerodynamic and aeroelastic analysis. For SensorCraft-like configurations some LCOs are characterized by a non-synchronous motion of the inner and outer portion of the lower wing: the wing's tip exhibits a small oscillation during the descending or ascending phase, whereas the mid-span station describes a sinusoidal-like trajectory in the time-domain.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.855-868
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• 2004

There are several types of singularities in controlling robotic manipulators: kinematic singularity, algorithmic singularity, semi-kinematic singularity, semi-algorithmic singularity, and representation singularity. The kinematic and algorithmic singularities have been investigated intensively because they are not predictable or difficult to avoid. The problem with these singularities is an unnecessary performance reduction in non-singular region and the difficulty in performance tuning. Tn this paper, we propose a method of avoiding kinematic and algorithmic singularities by applying a task reconstruction approach while maximizing the task performance by calculating singularity measures. The proposed method is implemented by removing the component approaching the singularity calculated by using singularity measure in real time. The outstanding feature of the proposed task reconstruction method (TR-method) is that it is based on a local task reconstruction as opposed to the local joint reconstruction of many other approaches. And, this method has dynamic task priority assignment feature which ensures the system stability under singular regions owing to the change of task priority. The TR-method enables us to increase the task controller gain to improve the task performance whereas this increase can destabilize the system for the conventional algorithms in real experiments. In addition, the physical meaning of tuning parameters is very straightforward. Hence, we can maximize task performance even near the singular region while simultaneously obtaining the singularity-free motion. The advantage of the proposed method is experimentally tested by using the 7-dof spatial manipulator, and the result shows that the new method improves the performance several times over the existing algorithms.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.42 no.2 s.302
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• pp.37-48
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• 2005

In this paper, a new object detection method for FLIR images is proposed. The proposed method consists of intensity ranking feature and a classification algerian using the feature. The intensity ranking feature is a representation of an image, from which intensity distribution is regularized. Each object candidate region is classified as object or non-object by the proposed classification algorithm which is based on the intensity ranking similarity between the candidate and object training images. Using the proposed algorithm pixel-wise detection results can be obtained without any additional candidate selection algorithm. In experimental results, it is shown that the proposed ranking feature is appropriate for object detection in a FLIR image and some vehicle detection results in the situation of existing noise, scale variation, and rotation of the objects are presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.100-107
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• 2013

Agn$\grave{e}$s Varda is a French representative female film director. In particular, the method combining subjectivity and objectivity is the most outstanding characteristics. However, it can be said that the method to support this is not only theme of the film but also creation of structure including the exploration for the filmic form different from classical film form. Such an approach accords with No$\ddot{e}$l Burch's refined analysis of filmic form. Therefore, This study aims to aesthetical analysis of the form of producing the structure in modern movies through which is one of the representative work by Agn$\grave{e}$sVarda and won the Golden Lion award in 1985 Venice Film Festival. The theme of the film, the recovery of relationships among people and contacts through the tragic death of drifting life, created a new filmic structure by formative experiment of the film. The formative experiment is the fragmented and repetitive construction with the introductory voice-over, and consists of movement and editing of camera and specific use of flashback and sound through the representation of figures and situations, mixture of narrative and non-narrative style.