• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.112-123
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• 2010

Objectives: Three yin-tonifying formulae (Ssanghwa-tang, Yukmijihwang-tang and Jaeumganghwa-tang) were applied to investigate their immunological activities on antigen (Ag)-specific or Ag-non-specific immune responses in the murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) and in ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized mice. Methods: This study was carried out in nitricoxide (NO) synthesis in RAW 264.7 cells and cellular proliferation in mouse splenocytes in association with three herbal formulas. C57BL/6 mice were immunized intraperitoneally with OVA/aluminum ($100\;{\mu}g/200\;{\mu}g$/mouse) on days 1, 8, and 15. Three herbal formulas were administrated to mice orally for 3 weeks from day 1. On day 22, OVA-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-, and concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation and antibodies (OVA-specific antibodies of the IgG, IgG1, and total IgM classes) in plasma were measured. Results: All three yin-tonifying formulas significantly enhanced cellular proliferation by LPS and Con A in splenocytes from OVA-immunized mice (p<0.001). Also, these herbal formulas all significantly enhanced plasma OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, and total IgM levels compared with the OVA/Alum group. Conclusion: These results suggested that the three yin-tonifying formulae could be used as stimulators of immune response.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2020

Objective: The objective of our study was to investigate anti-cancer effects of Danggui Liuhuang Decoction extract bioconverted by protease liquid coenzyme of Aspergillus kawachii (DLD-BE), compared to a non-bioconverted DLD extract (DLD-E) and determine the underlying mechanisms. Methods: DLD-E and DLD-BE were evaluated for their ability to modulate these signaling pathways and suppress the proliferation of human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, HCT-116, LoVo, and HT-29. The anti-cancer effects of DLD-E and DLD-BE were measured by using proliferation and migration assays, cell cycle analysis, Western blots, and real-time PCR. Results: In this study, treatment with DLD-E and DLD-BE at concentrations of 25-100 ㎍/mL inhibited proliferation and migration in human CRC cells. DLD-BE induced apoptotic cell death and decreased COX-2 expression in HT-29 cells. The mechanisms of action included modulation of the AKT and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase signaling cascades along with inhibition of COX-2 expression. The results demonstrate novel anti-cancer mechanisms of DLD-BE against the growth of human CRC cells. Thus, we propose that DLD-BE can be developed as a more potent supplement to inhibit colorectal tumor growth and intestinal inflammation than DLD-E.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.512-520
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• 2014

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to assess the surface characteristics and the biocompatibility of zirconium (Zr) coating on Ti-6Al-4V alloy surface by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering method. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The zirconium films were developed on Ti-6Al-4V discs using RF magnetron sputtering method. Surface profile, surface composition, surface roughness and surface energy were evaluated. Electrochemical test was performed to evaluate the corrosion behavior. Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and gene expression of mineralized matrix markers were measured. RESULTS. SEM and EDS analysis showed that zirconium deposition was performed successfully on Ti-6Al-4V alloy substrate. Ti-6Al-4V group and Zr-coating group showed no significant difference in surface roughness (P>.05). Surface energy was significantly higher in Zr-coating group than in Ti-6Al-4V group (P<.05). No difference in cell morphology was observed between Ti-6Al-4V group and Zr-coating group. Cell proliferation was higher in Zr-coating group than Ti-6Al-4V group at 1, 3 and 5 days (P<.05). Zr-coating group showed higher ALP activity level than Ti-6Al-4V group (P<.05). The mRNA expressions of bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteocalcin (OCN) on Zr-coating group increased approximately 1.2-fold and 2.1-fold respectively, compared to that of Ti-6Al-4V group. CONCLUSION. These results suggest that zirconium coating on Ti-6Al-4V alloy could enhance the early osteoblast responses. This property could make non-toxic metal coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy suitable for orthopedic and dental implants.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.77-84
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• 2010

1. Objectives Yanggyuksanhwa-tang for Soyangin was applied to investigate the immunological activities on antigen (Ag)-specific or Ag-non-specific immune responses on murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) and ovalbumin/aluminium (OVA/Alum)-immunized mice. 2. Methods This study were carried out in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis on RAW 264.7 cells and cellular proliferation on mouse splenocytes. C57BL/6 mice were immunized intraperitonially with OVA/Alum (100 ${\mu}g$/200 ${\mu}g$) on day 1, 8, and 15. Yanggyuksanhwa-tang was administrated to mice orally for 3 weeks from day 1. On day 22, OVA-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-, and concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation and antibodies (OVA-specific antibodies of the IgG, IgG1, and total IgM classes) in plasma were measured. 3. Results Yanggyuksanhwa-tang significantly enhanced cellular proliferation by LPS and Con A on splenocytes from OVA/Alum-immunized mice (p<.001). Yanggyuksanhwa-tang also significantly enhanced plasma OVA-specific IgG (p<.001), IgG1 (p<.001), and total IgM (p<.01) levels compared with the OVA/Alum group. 4. Conclusions These results suggested that Yanggyuksanhwa-tang for Soyangin could be used as immunopotent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.512-513
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• 2008

The study examined what effects 100kHz PWM LED light irradiation causes to bone marrow cells of SD-Rat when LED characterized cheap and safe is used onto the light therapy by replacing the low 1evel laser. We developed the equipment palpating cell proliferation using a high brightness LED. This equipment was fabricated using a micro-controller and a high brightness LED, and designed to enable us to control light irradiation time, intensity, frequency and so on. Especially, to control the light irradiation frequency, FPGA was used, and to control the change of output value, TLC5941 was used. Consequent1y, the current value could be controlled by the change of 1eve1 in Continue Wave(CW) and Pulse Width Modulation(PWM), and the output of a high brightness LED could be controlled stage by stage. MTT assay method was chosen to verify the cell increase of two groups and the effect of irradiation on cell proliferation was examined by measuring 590nm transmittance of ELISA reader. As a result, the cell increase of Rat bone marrow cells was verified in 100kHz PWM LED light irradiation group as compared to non-irradiation group.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2020

Fish ovarian germline stem cells (OGSCs) that have the abilities to self-renew and differentiate into functional gametes can be used in various researches and applications. A main issue to be solved for effective utilization of fish OGSCs is the development of their stable in vitro culture condition, but only few researches about fish OGSC culture have been reported so far. In this study, in order to find the clues to develop the culture condition for OGSCs from Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), we tried to establish somatic cell lines as a candidate for the feeder cells and evaluated its supporting effects on the culture of ovarian cell populations from O. latipes. As the results, the somatic cell lines could be established only from the embryonic tissues among three tissues derived from embryos, fins and ovaries. Three embryonic cell lines were tested as a feeder cell for the culture of ovarian cell population and all three cell lines induced cell aggregation formation of the cultured ovarian cells whereas the feeder-free condition did not. Furthermore, a significant cellular proliferation was observed in the ovarian cells cultured on two of three cell lines. As a trial to increase the capacity of the cell lines as a feeder cell that supports the proliferation of the cultured ovarian cells, we subsequently established a stable line that expresses the foreign O. latipes fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) from an embryonic cell line and evaluated its effectiveness as a feeder cell. The ovarian cells cultured on FGF2 expressing feeder cells still formed cell aggregates but did not show a significant increase in cellular proliferation compared to those cultured on non-transformed feeder cells. The results from this study will provide the fundamental information for in vitro culture of medaka OGSCs.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.36 no.3 s.142
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• pp.201-204
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• 2005

The rhizome extract of Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi(Compositae) exhibited a particular inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cell lines, in vitro. Thus, the intensive phytichemical investigation of the MeOH extract of Atractylodes japonica have been conducted by the way of activity-guided purification. The repeated column chromatographic separation of the n-hexane soluble part of extract resulted in the isolation of four sesquiterpenes (1-4) and a polyacetylene component (5). Chemical structures of them were identified as atractylon (1), atractylenolide Ⅰ(2), atractylenolide Ⅲ(3), eudesma-4(15),7(11)-dien-8-one (4) and 1,3-diacetyl-atractylodiol (5) by spectroscopic means. Among the isolates, compound 2-4 were shown to give moderate inhibitory effect in a dose dependent manner on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cell lines such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT 15(colon), respectively.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.218-223
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• 2006

We examined the effects of ${\beta}$-glucan-reinforced PLGA film and scaffold on HDFs (human dermal fibroblast) attachment and proliferation. The PLGA films were prepared by simple solvent-casting method. The prepared films were grafted with $(1{\to}3)(1{\to}6)-{\beta}-glucan$ in various ratios after plasma treatment on surface. The surface of the film was characterized by contact angle measurement, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR). The amount of $(1{\to}3)(1{\to}6)-{\beta}-glucan$ in the prepared film was indirectly determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. The HDFs (Human dermal fibroblasts) were used to evaluate the cell attachment and proliferation on PLGA specimens before and after plasma/${\beta}-glucan$ treatment. The result showed that the plasma treated groups exhibited more mont of ${\beta}-glucan$ might be grafted than the non plasma treated groups. Cell attachment was significantly enhanced in the plasma/${\beta}-glucan$ grafted group after 4 hours incubation (p<0.05) due to the improved hydrophilicity and cytoactivity effect of the ${\beta}-glucan$. The cell proliferation of plasma/${\beta}-glucan$ (2mg/ml) grafted group was the highest rate among the groups (p<0.05).

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.169-173
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• 2011

This study investigated the effect of gamma irradiation on immune enhancing activity of Chaga mushroom extract (CME). CME was prepared by hot water extraction at $70^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours and lyophilized. Lyophilized CME powder was dissolved with deionized water at $10mg\;ml^{-1}$ and then irradiated at the doses of 10, 30 and 50 kGy by cobalt 60 gamma irradiator. The gamma-irradiated and non-irradiated CME were treated into the splenocyte separated from mouse. Cell proliferation and cytokine production of the immune cells were increased by gamma-irradiated CME and these increases were more prominent when CME was irradiated at higher doses. Therefore, it is considered that gamma irradiation can be an effective method for improvement of the immunomodulating activity Chaga mushroom extract.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.56-62
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• 2003

The liver progenitor cells could form a potential target cell population fore both tumor-initiating and -promoting chemicals. Induction of drug-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes, including AhR-dependent CYP1A1, NQO-1 and AKR1C9, was detected in the rat liver epithelial WB-F344 "stem-like" cells. Additionally, WB-F344 cells express a functional, wild-type form of p53 protein, a biomarker of genotoxic events, and connexin 43, a basic structural unit of gap junctions forming an important type of intercellular communication. In this cellular model, two complementary assays have been established for detection of the modes of action associated with tumor promotion: inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) and proliferative activity in confluent cells. We found that the PAHs and PCBs, which are AhR agonists, released WB-F344 cells from contact inhibition, increasing both DNA synthesis and cell numbers. Genotoxic effects of some PAHs that lead to apoptosis and cell cycle delay might interfere with the proliferative activity of PAHs. Contrary to that, the nongenotoxic low-molecular-weight PAHs and non-dioxin-like PCB congeners, abundant in the environment, did not significantly affect cell cycle and cell proliferation; however both groups of compounds inhibited GJIC in WB-F344 cells. The release from contact inhibiton by a mechanism that possibly involves the AhR activation, inhibition of GJIC and genotoxic events induced by environmental contaminants are three important modes of action that could play an important role in carcinogenic effects of toxic compounds. The relative potencies to inhibit GJIC, to induce AhR-mediated activity, and to release cells from contact inhibition were determined for a large series of PAHs and PCBs and their metabolites. In vitro bioassays based on detection of events on cellular level (deregulation of GJIC and/or proliferation) or determination of receptor-mediated activities in both ?$stem-like^{\circ}{\times}$ and hepatocyte-like liver cellular models are valuable tools for detection of modes of action of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. They may serve, together with concentration data, as a first step in their risk assessment.