• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.337-379
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• 2005

팔당호와 한강 수질개선의 비시장 편익을 추정하기 위해 속성가치선택법(choice experiments)을 이용하였다. 부분직교(fractional factorial) 디자인을 이용하였으며 응답자에게 네 번의 이산선택 질문을 하였고(패널자료) 비합리적인 응답들을 제거하기 위해 예제를 도입하였다. 조건부로짓과 개인적 취향의 이질성을 허용하는 중첩로짓(mixed logit)을 이용한 결과, 패널자료의 종속성을 허용하는 것이 모형의 설명력을 크게 향상시켰다. 확률변수인 속성들의 평균 및 표준편차가 동시에 유의하였다는 것은 수질개선에 대해 평균적으로 선호하지만 개인적 취향은 매우 다를 것임을 의미한다. 수도권의 연평균 경제적 편익은, 팔당호와 한강의 물 속이 지금보다 조금(훨씬) 더 잘 보이면 약 1.5조 원(약 1.7조 원), 물의 쾌적성이 지금보다 조금 개선되면 약 2조 원, 그리고 생태다양성이 지금보다 서서히 높아지면 약 1.7조 원으로 추정되었다. 이 속성들이 동시에 개선되면 약 1.8~2.6조 원의 범위에 있을 것으로 예측되었다. 끝으로 본 연구와 같은 유형의 CE에 고유한 편의의 가능성에 대해서도 논하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제40호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2003

A purpose of this study is to comprehend a concept of 'Open Space', realization of a deconstruction, presented in his works, based on a deconstruction and surrealism Coop Himmelblau's philosophical contemplation and to look into how this concept is interpreted in spaces. A concept of 'Open Space' is functioned as not a singular meaning but a multiple meaning accompanied with other formative ingredient and contemplation, scientific paradigm and a realation with a surroundings. The concept of 'Open Space' in their architentural space is applied. First, the space openness that represents to the extreme a concept 'Open Space', as a 3D designing ways that demolishes a structure and outgrows an ex siting thinking pattern, represents multiple grade spaces and an anti-gravity space. In a material, using glass and iron provides a spacial transparency and through this, visibly liberal sense that an interior and exterior is felt as an unification. Second, an non-expressive box pattern repulses to a spatial rank nature, outgrowing an uniform geometrical system, through demolishing a geometrical system, an edge and fold pattern. This is, as an anti-gravity, dynamic a typical structure, outgrowing an orthogonal system, interpreted as a composite meaning without division in spatial area. Third, the collage is used to represent a complexity and pluralism in representing 'Open space'. The collage that forms a image through combining a fragmentary elements into being a space change, composite constitution and spatial amusement. Thus, It is worthwhile to study how the collage that forms a diverse shape will be developed making what impact as an age and surroundings changed. As we contemplate in former part, Coop Himmelblou has deployed 'deconstruction beyond deconstruction' realm as just their midterm concept in their works like the words 'The architecture must climb', the deconstructive architect. A studying for their works reflecting the 'Open Space' concept based on deconstruction must be lasted and this enables us to comprehend space concept containing an architecture and interior design.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.253-268
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• 2015

This paper investigates the influence of various mix design parameters on the characteristics of concrete containing recycled coarse aggregates and Nano-Silica using Taguchi method. The present study adopts Water-cement ratio, Recycled Coarse Aggregate (%), Maximum cement content and Nano-Silica (%) as factors with each one having three different levels. Using the above mentioned control parameters with levels an Orthogonal Array (OA) matrix experiments of L9 (34) has selected and nine number of concrete mixes has been prepared. Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Tensile Strength, Modulus of Elasticity and Non-Destructive parameters are selected as responses. Experimental results are analyzed and the optimum level for each response is predicted. Analysis of 28 days CS depicts that NS (%) is the most significant factor among all factors. Analysis of the tensile strength results indicates that the effect of control factor W/C ratio is ranked one and then NS (%) is ranked two which suggests that W/C ratio and NS (%) have more influence as compared to other two factors. However, the factor that affects the modulus of elasticity most is found to be RCA (%). Finally, validation experiments have been carried out with the optimal mixture of concrete with Nano-Silica for the desired engineering properties of recycled aggregate concrete. Moreover, the comparative study of the predicted and experimental results concludes that errors between both experimental and predicted values are within the permissible limits. This present study highlights the application of Taguchi method as an efficient tool in determining the effects of constituent materials in mix proportioning of concrete.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 다변량 Monte Carlo 기법을 이용하여 무차원 누가강우량 곡선을 생성하였다. 이를 위해 30년 이상의 관측년수를 갖는 강우자료를 활용하여 강우사상을 분리하고 이를 무차원화하여 강우의 지역적, 시간적 변동성을 제거하였다. 그리고 이들 무차원화된 누가강우량곡선을 4가지 형태로 구분하여 강우자료 특성을 반영한 누가강우량 곡선을 생성하였다. 무차원 누가 강우량 곡선의 절점이 항상 0이상이고 전체의 합이 1이 되어야 하는 제약조건을 극복하기 위해 log-ratio 기법을 도입하였고 Monte Carlo 기법을 이용한 다변량 생성시 요구되는 정규화와 상관계수 반영의 문제점을 Johnson 시스템과 직교변환을 도입하여 모형에 적용함으로서 제약조건을 극복할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 적용한 다변량 Monte Carlo 기법을 이용한 강우변동생성기법은 실제 강우량 자료의 특성을 가공없이 반영할 수 있어 해당 유역의 특성을 정확히 반영할 수 있었고 유역의 홍수대책 수립, 수공구조물 설계 및 분석 등 활용성이 매우 클 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.456-463
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• 2010

In the present study, we proposed a new subspace scanning algorithm to enhance the spatial resolution of electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography(MEG) source localization. Subspace scanning algorithms, represented by the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm and the first principal vector (FINE) algorithm, have been widely used to localize asynchronous multiple dipolar sources in human cerebral cortex. The conventional MUSIC algorithm used principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the noise vector subspace, thereby having difficulty in discriminating two or more closely-spaced cortical sources. The FINE algorithm addressed the problem by using only a part of the noise vector subspace, but there was no golden rule to determine the number of noise vectors. In the present work, we estimated a non-orthogonal signal vector set using independent component analysis (ICA) instead of using PCA and performed the source scanning process in the signal vector subspace, not in the noise vector subspace. Realistic 2D and 3D computer simulations, which compared the spatial resolutions of various algorithms under different noise levels, showed that the proposed ICA-MUSIC algorithm has the highest spatial resolution, suggesting that it can be a useful tool for practical EEG/MEG source localization.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.596-599
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• 2004

The robotic $CO_2$ welding is a manufacturing process to produce high quality joints for metal and it could provide a capability of full automation to enhance productivity. Despite the widespread use in the various manufacturing industries, the full automation of the robotic $CO_2$ welding has not yet been achieved partly because the mathematical model for the process parameters of a given welding task is not fully understood and quantified. Several mathematical models to control welding quality, productivity, microstructure and weld properties in arc welding processes have been studied. However, it is not an easy task to apply them to the various practical situations because the relationship between the process parameters and the bead geometry is non-linear and also they are usually dependent on the specific experimental results. Practically, it is difficult, but important to know how to establish a mathematical model that can predict the result of the actual welding process and how to select the optimum welding condition under a certain constraint. In this research, an attempt has been made to develop an intelligent algorithm to predict the weld geometry (top-bead width, top-bead height, back-bead width and back-bead height) as a function of key process parameters in the robotic $CO_2$welding. To achieve this above objective, Taguchi method was employed using five different process parameters (tip gap, gas flow rate, welding speed, arc current, welding voltage) as a guide for optimization of process parameters.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
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• pp.644-647
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• 2004

Modulus of rupture (MOR) and flexural toughness in hybrid fiber reinforced cement pastes mixed with micro-fiber (carbon fiber) and macro-fiber (steel fiber) and replaced with silica fume according to the fixed ratio were researched. Reinforcing efficiency in specimens were estimated by two factors, such as strengthening factor $(F_s)$ and toughening factor $(F_t)$, which were calculated from the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the response values, such as MOR and absorbtion energy $(W_0)$. According to the experimental design by the fractional orthogonal array, nine hybrid fibrous reinforced paste series and one non-reinforced control paste were manufactured. Specimens of each series were tested by the INSTRON Inc. 8502(model) equipment in three-points bending and then measured the load-deflection response relationships. Considerable strengthening of cement pastes resulted in' the case of other factors without carbon fiber and toughening of cement pastes about all factors showed high. Based on the significance of factors related to response values from ANOVA, following assessments were available; $F_s$ or MOR: silica fume $\gg$ steel fiber $\gg$ carbon fiber; $F_t\;or\;W_0$: steel fiber > carbon fiber > silica fume. Optimized composition condition was estimated by steel fiber of $1.5\%$, carbon fiber of $0.5\%$ and silica fume $7.5\%$ in side of strengthening and steel fiber of $1.5\%$, carbon fiber of $0.75\%$ and silica fume $7.5\%$ in side of toughening.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.541-550
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• 1997

해양의 몇몇 정점에서 관측된 유속자료로부터 속도 유선함수를 최소자승 회귀분석법을 응용하여 산출하였다. 유선함수는 삼각함수의 합으로 표현되며 이들 함수의 상수들은 2차원 유속장의 비발산 부분을 최소화하여 구하였다. 위의 방법은 기존의 방법들이 요구하는 관측치의 보강이 필요치 않으며 관측 및 흐름장의 발산에 기인하는 오차를 계산할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 연안역의 복잡한 해안경계 문제를 쉽게 표현하기 위하여 연안을 경계로 하는 곡선직교좌표를 도입하여 유선함수를 구하였다. 텍사스-루이지아나 대륙붕 순환 및 수송 연구(LATEX)를 위하여 31개 정점에서 관측된 해류계자료를 이용 텍사스-루이지아나 대륙붕상의 속도유선함수를 성공적으로 산출하였다. 위의 해역에서 유선함수 산출오차는 비교적 적게 나타나 유선함수가 표층 유속장을 잘 나타냄을 알 수 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.535-541
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 벽걸이 모니터 브라켓 암의 다중목적 근사최적설계를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 브라켓 암의 자유도를 고려하여 평면내의 회전 각도를 선정해 응력과 처짐량이 크게 발생하는 경우에 대한 최적화 문제를 정식화 하였다. 직교배열표와 반응표면법을 사용하여 평균 및 파라미터 분석을 통해 성능지수에 대한 설계변수 민감도를 확인하였으며, 중심합성계획법과 D-최적 계획법을 사용하여 목적함수와 제한조건함수에 대하여 반응표면 근사모델을 생성하고 $R^2$ 값을 통해 정확도를 평가하였다. 이를 비지배 분류 유전알고리즘에 적용하여 최적화를 수행하고 유한요소해석을 통해 검증하였다. 또한, 중심합성 계획법과 D-최적 계획법을 이용한 최적해를 비교 분석하였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2016

This study proposes an algorithm for removal of CPR artifact in order that automated external defibrillator (AED) can effectively diagnose ECG rhythm during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Current AED required to interrupt chest compression for reliable rhythm analysis to avoid the effect of artifacts produced by CPR. However even temporarily interruption of chest compression during CPR adversely affects the probability of restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival after the delivery of the shock. Therefore, we proposed a method for removal of CPR artifacts using least mean square (LMS) filter. The removal of the CPR artifacts would enable compressions to continue during AED rhythm analysis, thereby increasing the likelihood of resuscitation success. It was tested on 31 segments of shockable and 300 segments of non-shockable ECG signals recorded from three pigs during CPR. In the result, sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) analysis on the test segments showed values of Se = 3.2%, Sp = 66.0% and Se = 96.8%, Sp = 98.7% in the case of unfiltered and filtered signals during CPR. In conclusion, it was shown that the proposed method can be a useful tool to exactly diagnose the ECG rhythm during the CPR.