• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 1963

The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. In both years of 1960 and 1961, the flowering times, fading times of flowers, mature times of fruits of 63 chestnut varieties grown at Choosan area, Chon Nam, have been investigated. Almost the ages of trees were 26-year-old and they are growing on the brown forest soil well drained with relatively thick surface soil. 2. Non-significant difference in flowering time by the varieties has been found between the years. The carliests in floweing time are Toyotama-wase, The isho-wase, Asami-wase, Umehira-wase, i.e., bloomed on May, 22, or a little later. 3. The fading dates of flowers of each varieties almost linearly correlated to the flowering date. The blooming period of each varieties was about 10 to 12 days. 4. Linear correlation between mature time and blooming time are observed, i.e., the earlier the blooming time comes, the earlier is the mature time of chestnut fruit. 5. The varieties having the smallest sized seed, are Otomune and Boji-kuri, however, those having the large one, are Ho-gin, Katayama, Ohara-wase.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2001

This study was carried out to obtain a basic intonation for the development of a new com hybird with tillers. Materials used in this study were 20 lines having three to four tillers per plant including the PI213749 U.S. line with non-tillers. These 20 lines were compared for the botanical characteristics and genetic distances were measured using RAPD analysis. Flowering date of the K15 was very earlier, while the K07 was very late in flowering date. Stem height and ear height were similar except for K04 and the K15. K06, K13 and K19 lines were appeared to be resistant to lodging due to decreased ear height. Number of tillers per plant of lines used were shown three to five on average. K09 showed the highest kernel yield, while the K08 was low. Among characteristics measured tiller per plant and flowering dates, and silking dates showed a positive correlation, while 100 kernels weight, flowering date and ear height were shown a negative with tillers per plant. A total of 17 bands by RAPD analysis using four per primer were appeared and these lines were classified into three groups, especially the third group could be classified into of four sub-groups.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.314-317
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• 1997

This study was carried out to determine the effect of various fertilizer levels on the growth and yield of Scutellaria baicalensis Georg cultivated after the barley in the southern coastal areas of Korea under the non-mulching condition by direct sowing culture. The flowering date of medium dressing plot $(N\;:\;P_2O_5\;:\;K_2O=9\;:\;13.5\;:\;9 kg/10a)$ and heavy dression plot $(N\;:\;P_2O_5\;:\;K_2O=12\;:\;18\;:\;12kg/l0a)$ were July 23. The flowering date of the medium and the heavy dressing plot was delayed by 3days compared with that of non-fertilizing plot. The growth characteristics such as stem length, diameter of main stem, number of branch per plant, main root length, main root thickness and dry weight of stem leaves were more increased at medium dressing plot than that of other fertilizer levels. The root dry weight of in Scutellaria baicalensis Georg cultivated after barley was highest at the fertilizing plot of N, $P_2O_5\;:\;K_2O$ = 9 : 13.5 : 9kg/10a. The dried-root yield was 178kg in medium dressing plot, 167kg in standard dressing pot, and 126kg in non-dressing plot. The dried-root yield of medium dressing plot was 7% and 41% higher than that of standard dressing pot and non-dressing control plot, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.639-650
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• 2022

Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai, a rare plant with distylous characteristics, is native to certain parts of the Korean Peninsula. It is registered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as a globally endangered plant. This study was conducted to establish an appropriate local conservation management plan suitable for future A. distichum populations by comparing and analyzing the flowering characteristics and population size according to distyly based on the results of quantitative surveys in 14 regions, including 8 areas with native populations of A. distichum and 6 natural monument populations. The number of individuals appearing in each population group was surveyed, and the flowering individuals were identified by style as being either pin or thrum flower types as they were being examined and recorded on the site. In total, 13,130 individuals of A. distichum (7,003 flowering and 6,127 non-flowering individuals) were recorded, but the balance of the number of pin- and thrum-flowered individuals in each population was not significant (p<0.05), indicating an imbalanced state. In particular, the Yeongdong (YD) population was very disproportionate compared to other populations, suggesting that its genetic diversity was low and the possibility of inbreeding was high. The average flowering and fruiting rates by management unit were much higher in the natural monument populations (89.2% and 55.3%, respectively) than in the natural habitat populations (39.0% and 8.5%, respectively). It may be due to a difference in reproductive growth resulting from light inflow into the forest caused by the upper crown closure. The area of occupation (AOO) of A. distichum on the Korean Peninsula covered an area of 23,224.5 m². Although the natural monument population was smaller than the natural habitat population, its density was higher, likely as a result of the periodic management of natural monument populations, where the installation of protective facilities in certain areas restricts population spread. Conservation of A. distichum populations requires removing the natural monument populations suspected of anthropogenic and genetic disturbances and expanding the conservation priority population by designating new protected areas. Although the habitats of natural monument populations are managed by the Cultural Heritage Administration and local governments, there are no agencies that are responsible for managing natural habitat populations. Therefore, institutional improvement in the overall management of A. distichum should be prioritized.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.647-651
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• 1997

Flowering date of peanut variety, Daekwangtangkong and Daepungtangkong in non-mulching culture was delayed each 9 and 6 days. Seedling ratio was decreased each 3.7%, 16% and branch length was decreased each 24%, 17% more than polyethylene film mulching culture. But the number of branch in non-mulching culture was not reduced. No. of mature pods, kernel/pod ratio, 100-seed weight and kernel weight per plant was reduced extremely in non-mulching culture, nevertheless the kernel yield per 1 ha of Daekwangtangkong in non-mulching culture was similar to that of polyethylene film mulching culture but yield of Daepungtangkong was 26% higher than that of polyethylene film mulching culture owing to planting density. Protein content of Daekwangtangkong in non-mulching culture was increased 4% but that of Daepungtangkong was decreased 3% and oil content of both variety was decreased 7%, 9% respectively comparing to polyethylene film mulching culture. Oleic acid was increased but linoleic acid was decreased and O/L ratio was decreased in non-mulching culture.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 2023

There are many different types of cultivation in tomatoes for year-round production. One of them, semi-forcing cultivation is characterized by growing seedlings in winter season. If grafted seedlings are used in winter season that energy cost can be reduced, because they have tolerance to cold stress. This study was conducted to analyze the rootstock performance by measuring the growth, yield, and leaf-macronutrient content of cherry tomatoes grown in semi-forcing hydroponics. Three domestic rootstocks 'HSF4', '21LM', '21A701', and a control cultivar 'B-blocking' were grafted onto jujube-shaped cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) commercial cultivar 'Nonari'. The total yield per plant with grafted cherry tomato '21A701' was 3,387g, which was 11%, 22% and 24% higher than the yield with 'B-blocking', non-grafted one and 'HSF4'. The stem diameter of '21A701' was thick with 8.26mm, whereas non-grafted one was thin with 7.23mm at 160 days after transplanting. The flowering position of '21LM' was 34% and 47% higher than the flowering position of 'B-blocking' and non-grafted one at 153 days after transplanting. The NO₃-N concentration in petiole sap of '21LM' was the highest with 1,746mg·L^-1 and non-grafted one and 'HSF4' were the lowest with 1,252mg·L^-1 and 1,245mg·L^-1 at 167 days after transplanting. The results indicated that rootstock/scion combinations in cherry tomatoes can affect the plant growth, yield, and the concentration of different NO₃-N in leaves at the late growth stage. Both '21A701' and '21LM' have vigorous root system, which influence the growth and yield increased.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.36-46
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• 1988

Twelve soybean cultivars were cultivated in the 1/2,000a. Wagner pots with irrigation and without irrigation for 30 days after flowering, and the differences of plant growth and bean yield among cultivars were compared. And to investigate the varietal differences in the rate of photosynthesis under different relative humidity, 6soybean cultivars were cultivated in 1/2,000a. Wagner pot and the rate of photosynthesis of each soybean cultivar at flowering time was measured under the relative humidity of 80, 70, 60, 50 and 40%. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The days to maturity of the soybean cultivars were shortened by non-irrigation treatment. The response of the maturing dates to non-irrigation was significantly different among the soybean cultivars. The days for maturing of Paldal, Danyeob and Eundaedu were delayed 2 days but those of Jangbaek and Tamahomare were delayed about 7 to 8 days under non-irrigation treatment. 2. The stem length, stem diameter, number of nodes of the mainstem, number of branches and number of branch nodes of all soybean cultivars were decreased by non-irrigation treatment. The number of branches and the number of branch nodes were especially severely influenced by non-irrigation treatment. 3. The number of pods per plant and the number of perfect pods was significantly reduced by non-irrigation treatment but the number of imperfect pods was increased. The non-irrigation treatment reduced the number of pods per plant by 58.0% and the ratio of the number of the perfect pods per plant by 46.6% relative to the ordinary cultivation with irrigation. 4. The grain yield of all cultivars was significantly reduced by the non-irrigation treatment, and average grain yield of soybean cultivars cultivated under non-irrigation treatment was 35.9% of that of soybean cultivars cultivated with irrigation. The influence of non-irrigation treatment was lowest in Paldal and significantly high in Tamahomare and Jangbaek. 5. The rate of photosynthesis of soybean leaves was significantly different among cultivars and was also influenced by relative humidity. Ratio of the photosynthetic amount of soybean leaves at 40% RH to the maximum photosynthesis at optimal humidity was 97.2% in Paldal, 96.4% in Danyeob and 88.8% in Baekun. 6. At 40% relative air humidity, highly significant correlations were found among the photosynthesis rate, the amount of transpiration and the respiration rate.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 2002

Concentration of quercetin and soluble tannin in Houttuynia cordata were determined at different growth stages as well as plant parts and application amounts of compost. Both contents of quercetin and tannin at growth stages were decreased before flowering time but slightly increased after flowering. The both contents of components in Houttuynia cordata collected on April 20 were shown to be markedly increased compared to those collected in May or June. The contents of quercetin and tannin at different organs were the highest in the flower. In the experiment of application amounts of compost, as application amounts is increased, fresh weight of aerial part was increased but the contents of quercetin and tannin were decreased. The contents of quercetin and tannin were the highest with 0.67% and 2.3%, respectively, in the compost non-treatment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.78-84
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• 2005

Charactertistics of growth from graft induced three stock of red pepper cultivar were analysed. R-safe rootstock was more higher and vigorous than that of the Yeok kang, Konesian hot cultivar at seedling stage and had good characteristics for grafting in the space of cut surface and the amount of sap released. Numbers of branches were more numerous in the grafted plants than those of non-grafted as grafting affected their growths in the process of branching. There was no distinct difference in plant height among the different rootstock. However the R-safe rootstock showed considerably high growth in the 41st days after grafting. Grafting was effective in the early flowering and the R-safe was the earliest in flowering because of it's good growth under the low temperature.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.253-257
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• 2010

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of gamma-radiation on the rooting, growth, and color mutation in poinsettia. Using 10 poinsettia varieties ('Lollipop', 'Little Peace', 'Happy Day', 'Early Bird', 'Pixy Red', 'Happy Time', 'Heidi', 'Red Bell', 'Clara', and 'Scarlet') bred by National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, 100 Gy of gamma ray was irradiated at the stage of callused cuttings. Four weeks after sticking cuttings in the rooting media, 8 cultivars showed 100% of root formation, but 'Early Bird' rooted 24.4% and even died off during the cutting propagation. After planting rooted cuttings, survival rate until flowering time varied among irradiated cultivars. While 'Pixy Red' and 'Heidi' survived about 98%, 'Clara', 'Happy Day', and 'Early Bird' survived lesser than 30%. All irradiated plants showed remarkably shorter plant height, lesser branch numbers than non-irradiated control plants. Thirty color mutants were obtained among 281 plants survived until flowering time. Nine mutants were complete color mutated branches, whereas 21 mutants were partially color mutated bracts and transitional leaves. Color patterns mutated by 100 Gy of gamma ray were divided into pink, hot pink, light red and spotted (pink spots with red main color). Pink mutants were commonly obtained. Complete color mutants were discovered from 4 plants of 'Pixy Red', 2 plants of 'Red Bell' and 3 plants of Lollipop.