• 지능정보연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.111-131
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 데이터마이닝 기법의 일종인 자기조직화지도(Self-Organizing Map, SOM)를 이용하여 비외감기업의 부실화 유형을 구분하고자 한다. 자기조직화지도는 인공 신경망을 기초로 자율학습을 통해 입력된 값을 유사한 군집끼리 묶어내는 방법으로, 기존의 통계적 군집 분류 방법보다 성능이 뛰어나고, 고차원의 입력데이터를 저차원으로 시각화할 수 있다는 장점 때문에 다양한 분야에서 각광받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 연구의 주요 분석대상이었던 외감기업에 비해 부실화 빈도는 높지만 데이터 수집의 어려움으로 인해 분석대상에서 다소 제외되었던 비외감기업의 부실화 유형에 대해 알아보고, 유형별 구체적인 사례도 소개하고자 한다. 재무자료수집이 가능한 100개의 비외감 부실기업에 대해 분석한 결과, 비외감기업의 부실화 유형은 다섯 가지로 구분되었다. 유형 1은 전체 집단의 약 12%를 차지하며, 수익성, 성장성 등 재무지표가 다른 유형에 비해 열등하였다. 유형 2는 전체 집단의 약 14%로, 유형 1보다는 덜 심각하지만 재무지표가 대체로 열등하였다. 유형 3은 성장성 지표가 열등한 그룹으로 기업간 경쟁이 극심한 가운데 지속적으로 성장하지 못하고 부실화된 경우로 약 30%의 기업이 포함되었다. 유형 4는 성장성은 탁월하나 부채경영 등 과감한 경영으로 인해 유동성 부족이나 현금부족 등의 이유로 부실화된 그룹으로 약 25%의 기업이 포함되었다. 유형 5는 거의 모든 재무지표가 우수한 건전기업으로, 단기적인 경영전략의 실수 또는 중소기업의 특성상 경영자의 개인적 사정으로 부실화 되었을 가능성이 큰 그룹으로 약 18%의 기업이 포함되었다. 본 연구 결과는 부실화 유형을 구분하는데 기존의 통계적 방법이 아닌 자기조직화지도를 이용하였다는 점에서 학문적 의의가 있고, 비외감기업의 재무지표만으로도 1차적인 부실화 징후를 발견할 수 있다는 점에서 실무적 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2022

In today's financial economics literature, the impact of innovative family ownership and management on firm performance is a prominent concern. In this study, the existence of family firms in the listed sector of Pakistan's economy is investigated. The objective of this study is to examine the performance-oriented relationship of family ownership and active involvement of family member at the CEO position. The theoretical perspectives that underpin this research are agency and stewardship. This analysis used a sample of 315 publicly traded companies from 2009 to 2019. The study's primary independent variables include family influence on ownership and family CEO. Financial performance is the dependent variable that is divided into accounting and market measures. The proxy for accounting measure is return on asset and proxy for market measure is Tobin's Q. This study employs univariate and balanced panel data analysis. For robustness of the analysis random-effects GLS regression is carried out. The empirical results show that that Family Firms outperform Non-Family Firms both in terms of accounting and market measures. In the later part family CEOs firms outperform the firms that have either insider or outsider non-family CEOs. This superior performance is subjected to the positive and statistically significant association between family ownership, management, and financial performance.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

Purpose - Recently, the importance of rapid change in business models is more and more increasing as the change of information technology environment. Therefore, a variety of business models have emerged. On the other hand, there is no company that can generate revenue. Many enterprises are still maintained while they are changing only their appearance of the business model. Business model is important in e-commerce. However, a lot of researches are targeted only in Web sites. Thus, e-commerce companies do not have the infrastructure for measuring and business models. The purpose of paper is to evaluate factors which are related with the structuring of the e-commerce success. And it proposed a financial items and non-financial items. From the perspectives of administrators and managers, the paper researches the possibility for E-Commerce Evaluation Model as a valuable criteria in measuring business model. Research design, data and methodology - The methods are taken by the classification for the type of business-to-business transactions, transactions subject, and the degree of integration and innovation capabilities. Financial and Non-financial value is used to build E-Commerce Evaluation Model. Evaluation items in Administration's perspective are composed with enhance the effectiveness of the mission, improving efficiency of the administration, and control of costs. Evaluation items in the customer's perspective were measured by customer participation and cooperation with customer Satisfaction. In the case of researching the information system's perspective, three criteria are used such as adequacy of the development process, improvement of the quality of service, and maintenance of standardized information technology. In researching for the ICT competence's perspective, evaluation items were composed of enhanced user capabilities, utilizing new technologies, and empowerment of information workers. Results - In this paper, E-Commerce Evaluation Model with financial and non-financial perspectives shows the possibility to be criteria in the case of measuring business model. Moreover, it gives the positive expectation to be successful criteria. But the research may have ambiguity in its essential concept because it cannot avoid the limitation in selecting evaluation tools from merely the model. It is impossible to exclude the possibility in omitting specific properties which may take place in actual case study. Therefore, In hereafter research, it is necessary to include actual case study research in selecting evaluation tools in order to improve the limit point. Actual measurement items which are derived from actual case study should be subdivided, and it would be more effective to complete the research. Conclusions - In rapid change in business models, there are various kinds of business models. But it is general situation that companies which adopted business models have not brought in revenue. For this reason, E-Commerce Evaluation Model is needed as an important factor for the structuring of the e-commerce success. Although it has the limitation in selecting evaluation tools from model, E-Commerce Evaluation Model proposes the implication for measuring business models as a valuable criteria.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.79-95
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• 2003

This paper investigates how the weights of performance measures vary depending on corporate life cycle, such as birth, growth, maturity, revival, and decline. Balanced Scorecard performance measures are employed for this investigation. Balanced Scorecard has been widely used for measuring a corporate Performance by incorporating financial and non-financial measures simultaneously. Because these performance measures are related to the compensation and promotion of employees, research of weights of performance measures would be instrumental. Questionnaires from 218 companies are analyzed. Depending on the corporate life cycle, our survey results demonstrate that the weights of the business Performance measures differ In the four Perspectives - financial. customer, Internal Process, and learning/growth. Our results can be used for enhancing the Duality of performance measurement systems.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2003

This study describes how the weights of performance measures varies depending on business strategy types, such as defenders, prospectors, analyzers, and reactors. A Balanced Scorecard has been widely used for measuring a corporate performance to incorporate financial and non-financial measures simultaneously. Because such performance measurements are related to the compensation and promotion of employees, research of weights of performance measures would be instrumental. Our test results demonstrate that the weights of the business performance measures differ in the four perspectives-financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth. Furthermore, there is evidence that the weights of performance measures vary depending on business strategy. Our study results can be used for enhancing the quality of performance measurement systems.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.4445-4450
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• 2016

Background: This study explored perspectives of health-care providers on childhood cancer treatment in Kenya. Materials and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 104 health-care providers in January and February 2013. Results: Seventy six percent of the health-care providers believed cancer to be curable. More doctors than other health-care providers had this positive opinion (p=0.037). The majority of health-care providers (92%) believed that most children with cancer will not be able to finish their treatment due to financial difficulties. They considered that prosperous highly-educated parents adhere better with treatment (88%) and that doctors adhere better with treatment for prosperous highly-educated parents (79%). According to 74% of health-care providers, quality of care is better for prosperous highly-educated parents (74%). Most health-care providers reported giving more explanation (71%), work with greater accuracy (70%) and use less difficult vocabulary (55%) to prosperous more educated families. Only 34% of health-care providers reported they feel more empathy towards patients from prosperous families. Reasons for non-adherence with the protocol according to health-care providers are: family refuses drugs (85%), inadequate supply of drugs at pharmacy (79%), child looks ill (75%), and financial difficulties of parents (69%). Conclusions: Health-care providers' health beliefs and attitudes differ for patients with families having high versus low socio-economic backgrounds.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2012

성공적인 창업은 창업을 위한 충분한 준비와 이를 기반으로 하는 실행이 뒷받침되어야 할 것이다. 이와 같이 성공적 창업을 지원하기 위한 창업 교육이 정부의 지원 하에 다양한 기관을 통하여 실행되고 있으나, 창업교육과 경영성과 간의 관계는 실증적인 조사의 어려움으로 인하여 많은 연구가 이루어지지 못하는 현실이다. 이러한 점에서 본 연구는 초기 창업자(창업 5년 미만)를 대상으로 조사하여 이를 창업교육이수 집단과 미이수 집단으로 나누어 창업의 준비도와 경영성과 간의 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 창업에 대한 준비도는 다양한 창업 성공요인이 선행연구를 통해서 제시되고 있으나, 현실적으로 균형이 있는 사업 운영의 관점과 보편적인 접근 전략의 필요성이 제기된다. 이러한 점에서 본 연구는 선행연구의 결과 및 사용된 변수들을 종합하여 BSC 기반의 네 가지 창업 준비도 프레임워크를 개발하고, 개발된 네 가지 준비도를 변수로 사용하여 경영성과와의 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 총 252명의 초기 창업자를 대상으로 하여 설문조사를 실시하여 분석한 결과, 전체 집단에서는 재무준비도와 고객/마케팅 준비도가 경영성과와 유의한 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났으며, 창업교육 이수집단에서는 재무준비도, 고객/마케팅 준비도, 성장전략 준비도가 경영성과에 유의한 영향을 미치고, 창업교육 미이수 집단에서는 재무준비도만이 경영성과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 집단 간 준비도 변수와 경영성과에 관계에서의 차이는 창업교육이 실질적 창업의 준비에 직간접적인 영향이 존재한다는 것을 의미하며, 기존의 창업 교육이 창업에 이르는 과정으로서 의미가 있다는 실효성을 나타낸다고 볼 수 있다. 또한 개발된 BSC기반의 창업 준비도는 사업의 운영관점에서 균형이 있는 시각을 제시한다는 측면에서 의미를 가지며, 이를 창업교육에 개발에 있어서 충분히 활용할 수 있다는 것을 나타낸다고 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.157-180
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• 2010

The IT services industry is considered as the leading industry of the ubiquitous age that raises a nation's overall productivity and efficiency. Therefore, it is receiving increasing attention as the industry that can bring about economic takeoff and successful overseas market entrance for the next generation. In order to achieve successful development, the industry should be competitive and armed with strategies that well demonstrate the characteristics of IT services. Therefore, it is important to explore the competitive factors of the industry for its qualitative development from the perspectives of IT services industry policies and as well as IT services companies. This study categorized IT services into three types-system integration, IT consulting, and IT outsourcing- and then examined the competitive factors of each service type and their relationships with financial and non-financial performances. In conclusion, the current competitiveness of domestic IT services industry is attributed to institutions environment rather than its competitive advantages in technology, quality, know-how, and highly qualified human resources. In order to facilitate the sound growth of the IT industry and seek reasonable market competition, the environment that puts its priority on the improvement of institutions environment and the ability to carry out a project needs to be established. In all, this study can be utilized as an important knowledge for the establishment of polices to foster IT services industry and of strategies that raise competitiveness to maximize the performances of companies.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.59-72
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• 2016

Purpose - This study expands the corporate social responsibility (CSR) model and concepts by adding to it the concepts of corporate identity and public existence responsibility. Then, this study examines the structural relationship between corporate identity and public existence responsibility. This study contributes to expanding CSR to give customers a different perspective from previous studies in that it specifically measures corporate public existence responsibility, corporate identity, and corporate value creation and investigates the structural relationship. Research design, data, and methodology - This study addresses specific research questions. First, it asks whether non-financial performance is a component of CSR; second, it asks if the improvement in the corporate image should be treated as its corporate identity; and third, it tries to expand CSR concepts from corporate citizenship and public market awareness to public existence responsibility. The research hypothesis is formulated to confirm the relationships among CSR, corporate value creation, corporate identity, and public existence responsibility. Result - This study confirms that CSR has a positive correlation with corporate value creation and that CSR has a relatively positive correlation with corporate identity and public existence responsibility. Additionally, it confirms a positive correlation between corporate identity and public existence responsibility. However, corporate identity and public existence responsibility do not have an effect on corporate value creation. However, the influence of public existence responsibility confirmed the influence of corporate value creation through corporate identity as a mediating variable. Conclusion - This study argues that CSR produces more general performance including both financial and non-financial performance. It also confirms that the goals and performance of CSR can substitute for corporate value creation from general performance. It further confirms that public existence responsibility includes market public awareness, corporate images, and corporate associations. It suggests that corporations should see themselves as having public existence responsibility. Further, they should devise strategies to build corporate identities that associate with corporate goals and visions. Finally, this study contributes to the expansion of perspectives on CSR theoretical concepts and goals of performance of the corporation throughout the corporate value creation process.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.172-182
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• 2004

성과측정시스템(PMS)은 경영성과의 평가, 인적자원관리, 전략적 성과창출의 중요한 도구로 사용된다. 1990년대 이전까지 대부분의 기업들은 재무 중심의 성과측정을 하였지만, 최근 들어 비재무적 요소를 함께 고려한 다양한 관점에서의 균형 있는 성과측정을 하고 있다. 그러나 건설산업에서는 현실성 있는 PMS를 갖추고 있지 못한 실정이며, 이로 인해 건설산업 참 여 주체들이 스스로의 성과를 측정하고 관리하는데 한계와 문제점을 나타내고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 건설산업의 핵심 참여 주체인 발주자, 시공사, 설계자가 스스로의 성과수준을 상대적으로 파악하고 관리할 수 있으며, 산업적 차원에서 이를 진단하고 서로 공유할 수 있는 비교가능한 PMS의 개념과 framework을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구결과로는 균형성과표(BSC) 기반의 성과지표 체계 및 측정방법, 그리고 지속적인 연구의 방향이 함께 제시되었다.