• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.155-159
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• 2005

The aqueous extract of Coscinium fenestratum was studied for its antioxidant status in STZ-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats at two dose levels of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. At the end of the experimental period, diabetic rats treated with aqueous extract at both dose levels showed a significant increase in the levels of enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase, glutathione synthetase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase as compared to the untreated control. Similarly, a significant increase was also observed in the levels of the non enzymatic antioxidants ceruloplasmin, ascorbic acid and tocopherol. The results suggest that the aqueous stem extract of C. fenestratum prevents type 2 diabetes mellitus induced oxidative stress.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.413-418
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• 2015

This study was conducted to analyze the functional component contents and antioxidant activities of Cedrela sinensis extracts hydrolyzed using four different enzymes. The yield of Viscozyme extract was the highest among the samples, and all enzymatic extracts, except for the commercial glucoamylase (AMG) extract, had significantly higher total polyphenol and flavonoids contents compared to the non-enzymatic extract (p<0.05). Viscozyme extract showed the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and $Fe^{2+}$ chelating ability among the samples. All enzymatic extracts showed high>90% 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, and there was no significant difference between the enzymatic and non-enzymatic extracts. The reducing power of the extracts using Shearzyme or Viscozyme was significantly higher than that of the other samples (p<0.05). Therefore, the results indicated that all enzymatic extracts (especially Viscozyme extract), except for the AMG extract, showed high antioxidant activity compared to the non-enzymatic extract. These result suggested that the enzymatic extracts of C. sinensis can be used in functional foods.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2008

This study was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant potential of A. lanata on oxalate mediated free radical toxicity in ethylene glycol induced calcium oxalate urolithic rats. Calcium oxalate (CaOX) stone was induced by 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water for 28 days. From $29^{th}$ day onwards, the CaOX urolithic rats were treated with A. lanata aqueous suspension (2,000 mg/kg body weight/dose/day) orally for another 28 days. At the end of experimental periods the animals were sacrificed, samples were collected and analyzed the lipid peroxidation product, protein oxidation product, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in normal and experimental groups. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation products were significantly elevated while enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels were significantly decreased in ethylene glycol induced CaOX urolithic rats when compared with control rats. The above alterations were reverted to near control in rats treated with aqueous suspension of A. lanata. This study suggests that A. lanata could prevent the free radical formation from calcium oxalate urolithiasis in rats and protecting the renal cells from oxidative injury.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.421-433
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• 2021

Morchella is a genus of fungi with the ability to concentrate Cd both in the fruit-body and mycelium. However, the molecular mechanisms conferring resistance to Cd stress in Morchella are unknown. Here, RNA-based transcriptomic sequencing was used to identify the genes and pathways involved in Cd tolerance in Morchella spongiola. 7444 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by cultivating M. spongiola in media containing 0.15, 0.90, or 1.50 mg/L Cd²⁺. The DEGs were divided into six sub-clusters based on their global expression profiles. GO enrichment analysis indicated that numerous DEGs were associated with catalytic activity, cell cycle control, and the ribosome. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the main pathways under Cd stress were MAPK signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate metabolism, and propanoate metabolism. In addition, several DEGs encoding ion transporters, enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants, and transcription factors were identified. Based on these results, a preliminary gene regulatory network was firstly proposed to illustrate the molecular mechanisms of Cd detoxification in M. spongiola. These results provide valuable insights into the Cd tolerance mechanism of M. spongiola and constitute a robust foundation for further studies on detoxification mechanisms in macrofungi that could potentially lead to the development of new and improved fungal bioremediation strategies.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.83-84
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• 2001

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.461-466
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• 2000

Tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III from the flowers of Pueraria thunbergiana showed potent hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Intraperitoneal administration of these two compounds with 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively, for seven days to streptozotocin-induced rats significantly reduced the blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL- and VLDI-cholesterol and triglyceride levels when compared with those of control group. Glycitein in which 5-OH is unlinked and tectoridin (7-O-glycoside of tectorigenin) isolated from the flowers of P. thunbergiana did not improve hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. In addition, tectorigenin showed in vitro antioxidant effects on 1,1-diphenyl-B-pirylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, xanthine-xanthine oxidase superoxide anion radical, and lipid peroxidation in rat microsomes induced by enzymatic and non-enzymatic methods. We further found that tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III protected the Vero cell line(normal monkey kidney) from injury by hydrogen peroxide. From these findings, it seems likely that the antioxidant action of tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III may alleviate the streptozotocin-induced toxicity and contribute to hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 2008

The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of ethanolic extract and its fractions of Cleome rutidosperma. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, superoxide anion scavenging activity, nitric oxide anion scavenging activity, in vitro antilipid peroxidation activity and in vitro non-enzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation were studied. The results obtained in the study indicate that Cleome rutidosperma is a potential source of natural antioxidant. All the parameters were found to be concentration dependent and increased with increasing amounts of sample. Flavonoids, phenolic compound like tannins, terpenoids may be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the plant. Variation of solubility parameters in various models may be attributed to non-linearity of activity of ethanol extract fractions models. Further investigation on the isolation and identification of antioxidant component(s) in the plant may lead to chemical entities with potential for clinical use.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 2006

The present study describes carbohydrate metabolism, macro-element utilization and antioxidant defenses in response to an ozone dose (100 ppb, 8d) in two rice varieties. Tolerant (cv. Jinpumbyeo) and sensitive (cv. Chucheongbyeo) varieties of rice were grown in growth chamber for 30 days after sowing. Concentrations of chloroplast pigments and non-structural carbohydrates as well as activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined to evaluate the resistance against ozone stress. Ozone caused the decrease in chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents, and also resulted in faster decomposition of non-structural carbohydrate in leaf blade and leaf sheath. The contents of nitrogen and potassium in leaves were visibly decreased in cv. Chucheongbyeo with an increase in ozone exposure, but not in cv. Jinpumbyeo. Enzymatic antioxidants against ROS in both varieties responded in the order of POD, SOD and CAT, and their capacity was stronger in cv. Jinpumbyeo.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.34-40
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• 2014

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate the lipid and the antioxidant regulatory potential of a multigrain diet in laboratory animals with reference to lipid profiles, tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status. Methods: Two types of diets, with or without addition of cholesterol, were used in the study - a commercial diet and a formulated multigrain diet (with Sorghum vulgare, Avena sativa, Pennisetum typhoideum, Oryza sativa, Eleusine coracana and Zea mays grains). After a 10-week period of feeding the diets to albino rats the plasma, liver and fecal lipid profiles and the hepatic and renal antioxidant status of the animals that were fed the commercial and the formulated diets (with and without cholesterol addition) were assessed. Results: The commercial diet supplemented with cholesterol elevated the levels of plasma total lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), as well as the atherogenic index (AI). The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) content and the antioxidant profiles (total ascorbic acid, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase reduced glutathione) declined along with increases in lipid peroxidation. The formulated diet (with and without addition of cholesterol) was found to be more efficient than the commercial diet in controlling plasma, hepatic and fecal lipid profiles, as well as hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status, than of the hypercholesteremic animals. Conclusion: The multigrain diet used in the present study is effective in countering the hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress caused by high cholesterol intake.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.355-360
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• 2008

In this study we investigated antioxidant activity of against several free radicals and skin whitening effect of 70% ethanol extract (leaf extracts and branch/stem mixed) of Lindera obtusiloba BL. Antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH, superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical assays. The Lindera obtusiloba BL. extract had antioxidant activity dose dependently with an ${IC}_{50}$ value of 243.14 and 181.10 ${\mu}g$/ml for DPPH, 165.77 and >1500 ${\mu}g$/ml for non-enzymatic system of superoxide radical assay, 35.47 and >100 ${\mu}g$/ml for enzymatic system of superoxide radical assay, 1.21 mg/ml for hydroxyl radical assay. In addition we tested tyrosinase inhibition activity and melanin contents on B16 melanoma F10. B16 melanoma cell was treated by such sample as 1, 5, 10 and 50 ${\mu}g$/ml for 72 hr and tyrosinase inhibition was tested. Melanogenesis was inhibited to 22% at the dose of 50 ${\mu}g$/ml and tyrosinase was inhibited to 45.2% at the same dose. In conclusion Lindera obtusiloba BL had potent antioxidant activity and inhibitory activity of tyrosinase and melanin formation. It could be developed as the health functional food and functional cosmetic resources.