• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2015

In order to examine allergic disease experience rates of students at atopy and asthma friendly elementary schools located in Chungcheongnam-do and investigate their dietary behaviors, a survey on 250 parents of first to third grade students at four rural-type atopy and asthma friendly elementary schools was conducted. The number of students who had experienced allergic symptoms (allergic group) was 102 (40.8%). their breastfeeding duration was shorter than that of the non-allergic group (p<.001) and the former's weaning foods-feeding had started earlier than the latter's (p<.01). Regarding the eating habits, the non-allergic group was found to have breakfast and dinner better than the allergic group (p<.001). The number of students eating fruits as snacks was largest in the allergic group at 73 (71.6%), and as for the non-allergic group, their rate of eating fruits, milk and dairy products, and cookies and fries was at 25.7%, 22.3%, and 20.3%, respectively. A high percentage of the allergic group ate three times or less per month the animal food groups and dairy products (p<.001). Accordingly, for improvement in dietary behaviors of students who have allergy against food, nutrition education on regular eating, balanced intake of food, adequate intake of snacks and meals for proper growth and development and precise diagnosis of allergy-triggering food are necessary. In particular, as education on food allergy, implementation of practical education such as appropriate nutrition counseling by nutrition teachers is urgent beyond the one-way educational method of school newsletters.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• 제33권48호
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• pp.311.1-311.10
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• 2018

Background: In postmenopausal women, there is rapid bone loss due to estrogen depletion. In women, reproductive factors such as age at menarche, breastfeeding, and parity are considered risk factors of osteoporosis. Many reports suggest that obesity is associated with a reduced risk of osteoporosis. This nationwide, population-based study aims to identify the association between maternal age and osteoporosis risk in postmenopausal women of different obesity classifications. Methods: We assessed data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012. The study included 1,328 postmenopausal women, after excluding women with missing data for reproductive history among 4,546 postmenopausal women in the survey. Multivariate regression was used to identify the association between childbirth age and postmenopausal bone mineral density after adjustments for confounding factors. Results: The prevalence of postmenopausal osteoporosis was 35.24% (n = 468). After dividing the subjects into obese and non-obese groups based on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, there were significant differences between non-osteoporosis and osteoporosis groups with regard to age at first childbirth, age at last childbirth, and parity in the BMI-based general obesity group. The prevalence of osteoporosis was highest in women older than 35 years old at last childbirth. The prevalence of osteoporosis was also greater in women with parity ${\geq}4$ compared to those with lower parity levels. Conclusion: Postmenopausal women of older age at last childbirth and higher parity were at increased risk of osteoporosis in the BMI-based non-general obesity group.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2015

The obesity epidemic is a worldwide problem. Factors predisposing to obesity include genetics, race, socioeconomic conditions, birth by cesarean section, and perinatal antibiotic use. High protein (HP) content in infant formulas has been identified as a potential culprit predisposing to rapid weight gain in the first few months of life and leading to later obesity. In a large multicountry study the effects of lower protein (LP) formula (1.77 and 2.2 g protein/100 kcal, before and after the 5th month, respectively) were compared to those of higher protein (2.9 and 4.4 g protein/100 kcal, respectively). Results indicated that at 24 months, the weight-for-length z score of infants in the LP formula group was 0.20 (0.06, 0.34) lower than that of the HP group and was similar to that of the breastfed reference group. The authors concluded that a HP content of infant formula is associated with higher weight in the first 2 years of life but has no effect on length. LP intake in infancy might diminish the later risk of overweight and obesity. At 6 years of age HP children had a significantly higher body mass index (by 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-0.90; p=0.009) and a 2.43 (95% CI, 1.12-5.27; p=0.024) fold greater risk of becoming obese than those who received the LP. In conclusion, several factors may influence development of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Breastfeeding should always be encouraged. An overall reduction of protein intake in formula non breastfed infants seems to be an additional way to prevent obesity.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.321-330
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• 2019

Objectives: This study examined the relationship between the presence of allergic rhinitis and the nutritional intake levels of Korean infants. Methods: The study involved a total of 1,214 infant subjects aged 1~5 months from the 2013~2016 KNHNES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). The Subjects were classified into two groups based on the presence of allergic rhinitis: Non-allergic rhinitis infants (NARI, n=1,088) and allergic rhinitis infants (ARI, n=126). The general characteristics and family history of allergies, nutrient intake status, nutrient supplement intake, and breast milk and baby food start period data of the two groups were compared. All statistical analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and sampling weights. Results: The mean age was 0.5 years old in the ARI group compared to the NARI group. In the residence, the rate of urban was higher in ARI. The family history revealed a significant difference between the two groups, particularly those of mothers rather than fathers. The nutrient intake levels were high in energy, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, iron, riboflavin, niacin, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Breastfeeding was significantly higher in the ARI group than in the NARI group. The baby food start period was 0.3 months earlier in NARI group than in ARI group. The height, body weight, and birth weight were higher in ARI group than NARI group. The result of Odds ratio analysis showed that excess energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, riboflavin, and niacin intake increases the risk of allergic rhinitis. Conclusions: These results can be used as data to develop nutrition guidelines for allergic rhinitis infants.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권9호
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• pp.912-918
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• 2007

목 적 : 산모의 알레르기 질환 병력 유무와 초유와 모유 간에 차이가 있는지 살펴보고, 또한 이들의 모유수유 기간에 따른 자녀의 알레르기 질환 발생 유무의 차이를 보고, 생후 2세까지 발생한 알레르기 질환과 모유 내의 면역학적 인자간의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 5월부터 2003년 2월까지 참여를 희망한 총 138명의 산모에서 알레르기 질환이 있는 산모 88명과 알레르기 질환이 없는 산모 50명으로 나누어 조사하였다. 생후 2일경 초유와 생후 4주경의 모유를 채취하여, 초유와 모유 내 IL-4, IL- 6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, RANTES, $TGF-{\beta}1$과 $TGF-{\beta}2$를 측정하였다. 이후 소아는 생후 2세까지 알레르기 질환의 발생에 대한 추적관찰을 하였으며, 초유와 모유 내의 사이토카인과의 연관성을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 알레르기 질환이 있는 산모 군에서 6개월 이상 모유 수유하는 경우가 34.4%(n=21)였고, 3개월 미만으로 수유한 경우가 55.6%(n=15)로 두군 간에 통계학적 차이는 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 초유 내의 IL-8 농도만이(P=0.021) 알레르기 질환이 있는 산모에서 더 높게 측정되었다. 반면 초유 내의 $TGF-{\beta}1$와 $TGF-{\beta}2$ 농도는 알레르기 질환이 없는 산모에서 더 높게 측정되었다(P=0.013, P=0.001). 초유나 모유 내 사이토카인과 생후 2세까지 알레르기 질환이 발생한 소아 간에 통계학적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 생후 2세까지 발생한 알레르기 질환과의 연관성 있는 사이토카인은 발견하지는 못했다. 알레르기 질환이 있는 산모와 알레르기 질환이 없는 산모 간에 차이를 보인 $TGF-{\beta}1$, $TGF-{\beta}2$와 IL-8이 알레르기 질환의 병인에 연관성 조사를 위해, 추후 이들에서 장기간 추적 관찰이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.329-338
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• 2017

연구목적은 초산모 모유수유를 위한 부부교육프로그램을 개발하고 운영하여 초산모에게 모유수유 자기효능감과 배우자 지지 및 모유수유 만족감에 미치는 효과를 파악하고자 하였다. 연구설계는 비동등성 대조군 전후시차설계를 이용한 유사실험연구였다. 연구대상은 임신 34주 이후에 출산하고 모유수유를 희망한 초산모였다. 모유수유를 위한 부부교육프로그램대상은 출산모 부부였으며, 프로그램은 출산 후 1일째부터 3일 동안 매일 1회 20분~40분간 총 80시간을 운영하였다. 대상자 수는 실험군 32명, 대조군 31명이었으며, 자료수집은 설문지를 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 20.0 Win을 활용하여 $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test로 분석하였다. 연구결과에서 부부교육프로그램에 참여한 초산모는 참여하지 않은 초산모보다 모유수유 자기효능감(t=3.44, p=.001), 모유수유 관련 배우자 지지(t=3.03, p=.004), 모유수유 만족감(t=3.64, p=.001) 점수가 더 높았으며 통계적으로 유의하였으므로, 초산모의 모유수유를 위한 부부교육프로그램이 효과적이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 프로그램을 임상실무에서 초산모 모유수유를 촉진하는 교육적 중재로 적용할 것을 권한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.493-503
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 오케타니 유방마사지가 산욕초기 수유부의 유방불편감, 모유량 및 모유 Total Protein에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구설계는 비동등성 대조군 전후시차설계를 이용한 유사실험연구이다. 연구대상은 유방불편감이 있는 산욕초기 산모 60명으로, 실험군과 대조군은 각각 30명이었고, 자료수집은 설문지와 산모가 자가 채취한 모유를 분석하였다. 간호중재로 실험군에게 오케타니 유방마사지를 출산 후 2회 실시하였고, 대조군에게 Self Mamma Care(SMC)을 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 $x^2-test$, t-test로 분석하였다. 연구결과에서 오케타니 유방마사지를 받은 실험군이 SMC 교육을 받은 대조군보다 유방불편감이 감소하였고, 모유량, 모유 Total Protein이 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였으므로 오케타니 유방마사지가 유방불편감을 개선하고, 모유량을 증가시키고, 모유 Total Protein을 증가시키는 데 효과적이라 할 수 있다. 그러므로 본 연구는 임상실무에서 산욕초기 수유부에게 유방관련 불편감 감소와 모유량 증가, 모유성분을 개선하는 간호중재로 오케타니 유방마사지가 활용되기를 기대한다.