• Toxicological Research
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• 제17권
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• pp.293-297
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• 2001

The international pharmaceutical and regulatory communities had been recognizing the limited utility of conventional rodent carcinogenicity study particularly on the second species, mouse, after intense investigation of carcinogenicity data base worldwide, and a new scheme for carcinogenicity testing for pharmaceuticals was proposed at the Expert Working Group on Safety in the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) in 1996. CB6F 1-Tg rasH2 mouse carrying human prototype c-Ha-ras gene with its own promoter/enhancer is one oj the new carcinogenicity assay model for human cancer risk assessment. Studies have been conducted since 1992 to validate the transgenic (Tg) mice for rapid carcinogenicity test-ing, short term (26 weeks) studies with genotoxic (by Salmonella), non-genotoxic carcinogens, genotoxic non-carcinogens, non-genotoxic non-carcinogens revealed relatively high concordance oj the response of the Tg mouse with classical bioassay across classes of carcinogenic agents. Mechanistic basis for carcinogensis in the model are being elucidated in terms of the role of overexpression and/or point mutation of the transgene. This report review the initial studies of validation of the model and preliminary results of on-going ILSI HESI ACT project will be presented.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.967-973
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• 1993

The longitudianl study on taurine intake of breast-fed infants from Korean lacto-ovo-vegetarian (n=23) and non-vegetarian(n=22) at 3-5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 days postpartum was performed. The taurine content of human milk was analyzed by amino acid autoanalyzer (LKB-Alpha plus) and the human milk intak of infants was measured by test weighing method. The mean taurine content of human milk at each postpartum period was 434$\pm$128.362$\pm$, 304$\pm$90, 306$\pm$90, 302$\pm$77, 310$\pm$108, 248$\pm$53 nmol per ml in non-vegetarian and 418$\pm$112, 380$\pm$97, 314$\pm$97, 262$\pm$83, 206$\pm$79, 176$\pm$55, 153$\pm$31 nmol per ml in lacto-ovo-vegetarian, respectively. The content decreased significantly during lactation(p<0.05). The mean tauring intake at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 days postpartum was 195$\pm$94, 202$\pm$74, 212$\pm$54, 177$\pm$43, 137$\pm$47, 132$\pm$35, 106$\pm$15 umol per day in infants of lacto-ovo-vegetarian. Thu taurine content in human milk and the taurine intake of infants were different during lactation between non-vegetarian and lacto-ovo-vegetarian, and the intake per kg body weight during lactaion decreased.

• 산업노동연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.409-441
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• 2018

이 글은 미국 최대 독립 정유회사인 Valero Energy에 대한 사례연구로서, 비노조 기업의 기업문화와 인적자원관리의 특징을 살펴보기 위한 목적 하에 작성되었다. 1980년 설립 이래 Valero는 유전지역인 텍사스 기반 지역기업으로서 남부지역 정서에 부합하는 비노조기업 성격이 뚜렷하다. 강력한 CEO 리더십, 종업원 최우선 정책과 팀워크 강조 문화, 확고한 고용보장정책(no lay-off policy) 및 인사업무 외주화 금지 정책, 업계 중상위권의 임금수준과 업계 최고 수준의 복리후생, 비노조전통과 이를 보완하는 공정한 고충해결 시스템 구비 노력 등 미국 비노조기업의 인적자원관리 특징들을 잘 보여주는 전형적인 예에 해당한다. 2010년 이전까지 엄청난 성장과 수익성 제고에 기반하여, 한계기업이 선호하는 노조압박방식 대신, 우량기업이 채택하는 노조대체방식을 노조회피전략의 구체적인 방안으로 실행하여 왔다. 하지만, 최근 들어, 지속적인 인수합병으로 인한 기업 인력 내 이질성 확대, 유가 하락 등으로 인한 고용보장정책 유지의 어려움과 정리해고 실시 필요성 증대 등으로 인해 Valero의 노조대체방식에 기반한 노조회피전략은 본격적인 시험대에 올라가고 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.225-241
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• 2023

The study empirically analyzed the differences in industry distribution and innovation activity performance in the metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas of Korea's bio companies, which are highlighted as future growth engines. The main innovation activities of the bio industry, which are focused on science and technology and expressed with high uncertainty, were analyzed, centering on human resources, technology cooperation, and investment promotion. As a result of the analysis, the biomedical industry in the metropolitan area was found to have a high proportion, and bio foods, bio-based chemicals, and energy industries in the non-metropolitan area, respectively. Moreover, the innovation activity performances differed between the two regions. In particular, the notable characteristics included human resources, investment promotion, and technical cooperation with medical institutions in the metropolitan area with a high proportion of biomedical industries, and technology personnel exchange and cooperation with private research institutions in the non-metropolitan area, which has a high proportion of bio foods, bio-based chemicals, and energy industries. This study is significant in that it is the first study to compare and analyze the performance of innovative activities based on the distribution of industries in the bio-industry, focusing on human resources, technology cooperation, and investment promotion. In addition, after investigating the distribution status and competitiveness of the domestic bio-industry by region, it will analyze the status and characteristics of the domestic bio-industry and present policy implications to implement relevant promotion policy more efficiently.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.491-496
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• 2003

This paper proposes modeling of human behavior and a method of finding irregular human behavior. At first, human behavior model is proposed by paying attention to habitual human behavior at home. Generally, it is difficult to obtain the information of individual life pattern because of high cost for setting sensors such as cameras to observe human action. Therefore we capture turning on/off consumer electronic equipments as actual human behavior action, where some or many consumer electric equipments were used such as television, room light, video and so on in our daily life. Noting that are some relations between turning on/off those consumer electric equipments and our action, we proposes how to construct a human behavior knowledge by analyzing human behavior based on observation of human habitual life. Also an algorithm to identify on find irregular behavior different from habitual life behavior are described. Finally, the significance of the proposed method is shown by some experimental results.

• 복식
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to show the analysis system and the expression which is applied to fashion illustration by three major components in visual sign, metaphor and metonymy. The results of this study were as follows : Firstly, metaphor in qualisign of syntactics was revealed as a color such as realistic description, a pattern such as clothing of figure. etc. Metonymy was revealed as a social and cultural background color, a concept pattern. etc. In sinsign of syntactics. metaphor was revealed as a human body, non-human body and metamorphosis human body and metonymy as a human body and non-human body. In legisign of syntactics, the metaphor by perspective was used for a fantasy of space. and the metonymy was revealed as a color perspective representation, etc. The degree of change of texture was revealed as a metaphor and metonymy of gradation. And conventional custom sign was almost revealed in metaphor. Secondly, semantics showed about fashion image as juxtaposition of two similar objects in metaphor and as real description and simplification in metonymy Alternative fashion image in semantics was presented as a object related to fashion image. Conventional symbolic sign was presented as a role to clarify a fashion message in metaphor. Thirdly, the metaphorical and metonymical expression in pragmatics were usually presented as drawing and painting.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was performed to examine the anticancer effect of mountain ginseng Pharmacopuncture(MGP) to the nude mouse of lung carcinoma induced by NCI-H460 human nonsmall lung cancer cells. Methods : Human lung cancer (NCI-H460) cells were cultured and applied to evaluate anti-tumor activity in nude mice. After confirmed tumor growth in mice, MGP was treated per 0.1ml/kg dose to intraperitoneal and intravenous injection everyday for four weeks. And checked the changes in body weights, tumor volume, mean survival time and percent, increase in life span, histo-pathological findings, organ weights, and blood chemistry levels. Results : The results of in vivo study showed that MGP may have potential as growth inhibitor of solid tumor induced NCI-H460 without marked side effects. MGP inhibited dosage-dependently the growth of NCI-H460 cell-transplanted solid tumor compared with the control group. And mean survival time of MGP treated group was prolonged comparing with control group. Generally the group of intravenous injection is more effective than intraperitoneal injection. Conclusion : These results were suggested that MGP may be a useful anticancer agent for therapy of human lung cancer. And follow study need for the certain evidence.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.842-846
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• 2013

In 2012, the Korean Ministry of Environment (MOE) added 3 new water quality standards for the protection of human health; specifically, regarding 1,4-dioxane, formaldehyde, and hexachlorobenzene. In this study, we assimilated the water quality standards of these 3 substances from other countries, with respect to surface water quality standards for human health protection and drinking water standards. We subsequently investigated how these standard values were derived. 1,4-Dioxane is managed as an environmental standard for human health in Japan, and as a drinking water quality standard in WHO, New Zealand, and Japan with respect to both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects. In New York, the oncogenic effects of formaldehyde in drinking water intake is considered, whereas WHO, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan also assess the non-carcinogenic effects of formaldehyde when setting their standards. USEPA and New York have a water quality standard for human health protection with respect to hexachlorobenzene based on carcinogenic effects. This study focuses on deriving water quality standards for the 3 new substances, or obtaining baseline information to revise the values of existing substances in the future.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2023

Purpose: In the post-COVID-19, many consumers still feel uncomfortable with crowding in closed spaces. This study investigates how non-crowding affects consumer satisfaction and restaurant visit intention. Research design, data, and methodology: The data were collected from 350 people aged 20 and above. A total of 347 respondents, excluding 3 unfaithful respondents, were analyzed using Smart PLS 4.0 program. Result: Both spatial and human crowding have significant effects on satisfaction. On the other hand, neither spatial nor human crowding directly affected dine-out intention significantly. In addition, spatial crowding was found to have a direct and significant effect on in-store dining intention, but human crowding did not have a direct and significant effect on in-store dining intention. It was found that satisfaction had a significant effect on both dine-out intention and in-store dining intension. Conclusions: This study has expanded the range of consumer behavioral intentions by applying a non-crowded environment (S) to the SOR theory. Also, Consumer behavioral intention was expanded by dividing visit intention into a dine-out and in-store dining intention. Therefore, we propose measures to minimize human crowding by introducing a system such as adjustment of store operating hours, reservation system, store opening time alarm system, and reduction of cooking time.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.147-148
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• 2004

Recently completed mitochondrial genome databses from public resources provide us with a better understanding of individual mitochondrial genomes for population genomics. By determining the substitution rate of the genomic sequences, it is plausible to derive dates on the phylogenetic tree and build a chronology of events in the evolution of human species. MitGEN is specially designed as a mitochondrial genome browser for analyzing, comparing and visualizing single nucleotide polymorphism for human mitochondrial genomes between human races for comparative genomics. It is a standalone application and is available free for non-commercial work.