• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Heart Rate is a crucial physiological parameter that provides basic information about the state of the human body in the cardiovascular system, as well as in medical diagnostics and fitness assessments. At present day, it has been demonstrated that facial video-based photoplethysmographic signal captured using a low-cost RGB camera is possible to retrieve remote heart rate. Traditional heart rate measurement is mostly obtained by direct contact with the human body, therefore, it can result inconvenient for long-term measurement due to the discomfort that it causes to the subject. In this paper, we propose a non-contact-based remote heart rate measuring approach of the subject which depends on the color intensity variation of the subject's facial skin. The proposed method is applied in two regions of the subject's face, forehead and cheeks. For this, three different algorithms are used to measure the heart rate. i.e., Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The average accuracy for the three algorithms utilizing the proposed method was 89.25% in both regions. It is also noteworthy that the FastICA algorithm showed a higher average accuracy of more than 92% in both regions. The proposed method obtained 1.94% higher average accuracy than the traditional method based on average color value.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2022

Lane change in urban environments is a challenge for both human-driving and automated driving due to their complexity and non-linearity. With the recent development of deep-learning, the use of the RNN network, which uses time series data, has become the mainstream in this field. Many researches using RNN show high accuracy in highway environments, but still do not for urban environments where the surrounding situation is complex and rapidly changing. Therefore, this paper proposes a lane change possibility decision network by adopting Attention layer, which is an SOTA in the field of seq2seq. By weighting each time step within a given time horizon, the context of the road situation is more human-like. A total 7D vectors of x, y distances and longitudinal relative speed of side front and rear vehicles, and longitudinal speed of ego vehicle were used as input. A total 5,614 expert data of 4,098 yield cases and 1,516 non-yield cases were used for training, and the performance of this network was tested through 1,817 data. Our network achieves 99.641% of test accuracy, which is about 4% higher than a network using only LSTM in an urban environment. Furthermore, it shows robust behavior to false-positive or true-negative objects.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.3230-3255
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• 2022

Causality mining in NLP is a significant area of interest, which benefits in many daily life applications, including decision making, business risk management, question answering, future event prediction, scenario generation, and information retrieval. Mining those causalities was a challenging and open problem for the prior non-statistical and statistical techniques using web sources that required hand-crafted linguistics patterns for feature engineering, which were subject to domain knowledge and required much human effort. Those studies overlooked implicit, ambiguous, and heterogeneous causality and focused on explicit causality mining. In contrast to statistical and non-statistical approaches, we present Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) integrated with Multi-level Feature Networks (MFN) for causality recognition, called BERT+MFN for causality recognition in noisy and informal web datasets without human-designed features. In our model, MFN consists of a three-column knowledge-oriented network (TC-KN), bi-LSTM, and Relation Network (RN) that mine causality information at the segment level. BERT captures semantic features at the word level. We perform experiments on Alternative Lexicalization (AltLexes) datasets. The experimental outcomes show that our model outperforms baseline causality and text mining techniques.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.46.1-46.7
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• 2022

Influenza A virus (IAV) is the most widespread pathogen causing human respiratory infections. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods are currently the most commonly used tools for IAV detection, PCR is not ideal for point-of-care testing. In this study, we aimed to develop a more rapid and sensitive method than PCR-based tools to detect IAV using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology. We designed reverse-transcriptional (RT)-LAMP primers targeting the hemagglutinin gene. RNAs from reference H1N1 and H3N2 showed specific RT-LAMP signals with the designed primers. We optimized the reaction conditions and developed universal reaction conditions for both LAMP assays. Under these conditions, the detection limit was 50 copies for both RT-LAMP assays. There was no non-specific signal to 19 non-IAV respiratory viruses, such as influenza B virus, coronaviruses, and respiratory syncytial viruses. Regarding the reaction time, a positive signal was detected within 25 min after starting the reaction. In conclusion, our RT-LAMP assay has high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of the H1 and H3 subtypes, making it suitable for point-of-care IAV testing.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.281-289
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of the non-elastic taping method for controlling internal hip joint rotation on internal and external hip rotator muscle activity in healthy people. Methods: In this study, 18 healthy volunteers were instructed to perform the small knee bending (SKB) test. All participants completed the test following two methods (using non-elastic taping and not using taping). Muscle activation during the two methods was measured using a surface electromyography (EMG) device. Surface EMG data were collected from the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, and tensor fasciae femoris muscles while performing the SKB test with and without non-elastic taping. Results: Muscle activity in the gluteus maximus was significantly higher during the SKB test with non-elastic taping than during the conventional SKB test with taping (p < 0.05). Tensor fasciae latae muscle activity was lower during the SKB test with non-elastic taping than during the conventional SKB test (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that the non-elastic taping method for controlling internal hip joint rotation effectively activates the hip's external rotator muscles and minimizes unwanted internal rotator muscle use during the SKB test. Therefore, the non-elastic taping method for controlling internal hip joint rotation could be an effective intervention for those who cannot control the internal rotation of their hips.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.286-296
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• 1998

비중격 만곡증 환자의 비내수술시 채취한 정상 하비갑개 점막조직으로 부터 상피세포만을 분리세포의 단층배양법(monolayer culture of dissociated cells)으로 배양하여 비점막 상피세포 배양법을 정립하고 또한 배양된 세포가 상피세포임을 동정하기 위하여 간접 면역형광항체법으로 상피세포 특유의 cytokeratin을 확인하였고 투과전자현미경으로 상피세포만이 가지고 있는 교소체(desmosome) 및 장세사(tonofilament) 등을 확인하였으며 6회까지 계대배양을 할 수 있었다. 향후 본 연구에서 배양된 비점막 상피세포를 이용하여 알레르기성 비염 등과 같은 비점막 염증성 질환의 병태생리에서 상피세포의 역할에 대한 연구와 호산구등 염증 세포의 침윤과 상피세포의 손상에 접착분자 및 cytokine의 상호작용에 관한 연구가 계속될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.395-402
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• 2015

Non-human primates (NHPs) are confirmed as reservoirs of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia intestinalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi. In this study, 197 fresh fecal samples from 8 NHP species in Qinling Mountains, northwestern China, were collected and examined using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method. The results showed that 35 (17.8%) samples were positive for tested parasites, including Cryptosporidium spp. (3.0%), G. intestinalis (2.0%), and E. bieneusi (12.7%). Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 6 fecal samples of Macaca mulatta, and were identified as C. parvum (n=1) and C. andersoni (n=5). Subtyping analysis showed Cryptosporidium spp. belonged to the C. andersoni MLST subtype (A4, A4, A4, and A1) and C. parvum 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) subtype IId A15G2R1. G. intestinalis assemblage E was detected in 3 M. mulatta and 1 Saimiri sciureus. Intra-variations were observed at the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), beta giardin (bg), and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) loci, with 3, 1, and 2 new subtypes found in respective locus. E. bieneusi was found in Cercopithecus neglectus (25.0%), Papio hamadrayas (16.7%), M. mulatta (16.3%), S. sciureus (10%), and Rhinopithecus roxellana (9.5%), with 5 ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genotypes: 2 known genotypes (D and BEB6) and 3 novel genotypes (MH, XH, and BSH). These findings indicated the presence of zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi in NHPs in Qinling Mountains. This is the first report of C. andersoni in NHPs. The present study provided basic information for control of cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis, and microsporidiosis in human and animals in this area.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.803-810
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of shape of the inductive textile electrode on the non-contact heart activity sensing, based on the magnetic-induced conductivity principle. Four types of the inductive textile electrodes were determined according to the combinations of the two shape features. A fiber-metal hybrid-typed conductive thread was developed and applied to materialization of the textile electrodes by embroidery method. The heart activity was extracted through the textile electrode sewn on a T-shirt. The experiments were implemented to constantly measure the heart activity for 20 seconds, in each case of 5 healthy male subjects. The heart activity signals acquired in each type of the inductive textile electrode were analyzed, 1)by drawing a comparison of morphology with those of ECG signal (LeadII), and 2)by calculation of the normalized mean and standard deviation of magnitude of the heart activity signals. The analysis resulted that the relatively better quality of signals were acquired in the 'square' types in the matter of whole shape, while the better results were obtained in 'donut' types in the matter of center hole. Accordingly, the relatively best quality of signals was obtained in the case of 'Square-Donut' type of the inductive textile electrode.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.145-157
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• 2000

Cytotoxic substances in dental calculus and root cementum of periodontally diseased teeth inhibit new attachment and regeneration. The purpose of scaling and root planing is to remove pathologic structures harboring these cytotoxic substances in order to create a biologically acceptable root surface. However, these procedures inevitably leave a non-biocompatible smear layer. Conventionally, the smear layer has been removed with low pH etching agents such as citric acid, phosphoric acid and tetracycline hydrochloride(TC). Lately, a supersaturated neutral pH etching solution of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA) has been found to be as effective as low pH etchants with respect to smear removal and to be superior in exposing root surfaceassociated collagen. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of root surface treatment using EDTA on the initial attachment of human gingival fibroblasts. 27 human teeth, extracted due to severe periodontitis, were cut into dentin slices after root planing. The specimens were divided into TC group(treated with $50㎎/m{\ell}$ tetracycline-HCl, pH 1.52), EDTA group(treated with 17% EDTA, pH 7.4), and non-treated control group. After sterilization, 5th subcultured human gingival fibroblasts were seeded in each culture well containing a prepared root slice and incubated for 15 min., 60 min., and 4 hours in 5% $CO_2$ incubator at $37^{\circ}C$. At each incubation time, the number of attached fibroblasts were counted on the microphotographs taken at a magnification of x100. The difference of the number of attached cells between groups was statistically analyzed by the ANOVA followed by Duncan test in SPSS/PC＋programs. The results were as follows : 1. After incubation for 15 min, the attached cells were significantly more in EDTA group and TC group than non-treated control group(p<0.05), but there was no significance in the difference between EDTA group and TC group(p>0.1). 2. After incubation for 60 min and 4 hours, there was no significant difference in the number of attached cells between all groups(p>0.1). 3. In both EDTA group and TC group, there was no significant difference in the number of attached cells between different incubation(p>0.1). But in control group, the number of attached cells was significantly increased after incubation for 60 min, compared with incubation for 15 min(p<0.05). The above results suggest that root surface treatment using EDTA could enhance the initial attachment of gingival fibroblasts to root surface as effective as tetracycline-HCl.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.309-323
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 폐금속 광산에 특화된 인체위해성평가 방법을 제시하고, 국내 폐금속 광산지역으로부터 도출된 다양한 노출인자 값을 적용하여 폐금속 광산지역의 주민(성인 남자, 성인 여자, 어린이)에 대하여 인체위해성평가를 수행하였다. 또한 인체위해성평가의 결과로부터 중금속 오염에 의한 주민의 건강이 우려되는 경우, 위해성에 기반한 각 매체(토양, 지하수, 지표수)별 복원기준을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구 결과, 발암위해도와 비발암위해도를 지시하는 총 초과발암위해도(TCR)와 위험지수(HI)는 지하수섭취와 농작물섭취에 의한 경로로 노출되는 비소에 의해 각각 허용 가능한 수준인 1.00E-6과 1을 크게 초과하는 것으로 나타나서 연구대상 지역의 인체위해성이 큰 것으로 평가되었다. 위해도 저감을 위한 복원농도 산정 결과, 발암위해도 기준 계산 시 As 6.83~6.85 mg/kg, Pb 18.41~18.46 mg/kg, 비발암위해도 기준 계산 시 Cu 17.38 mg/kg, As 9.13 mg/kg의 수준으로 토양정화가 필요한 것으로 나타났다.