• 성인간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2002

Purpose: This study is aimed at showing the effect of work-site health promotion programs for health promoting behavior, cholesterol, and quality of life of middle-aged workers. Method: Thirty-one middle-aged workers were the experimental group and thirty-one were the control group. The 8-week work-site health promotion program was given to the experimental group. After this, health promoting behavior, cholesterol and quality of life were measured by questionnaires for the experimental and control groups. Health promotion theory, flexibility and muscle strength, aerobic exercise, nutrition, stress management, cancer prevention and early detection, smoking and alcohol problems, and summary lecture were all included in the 8-week work-site health promotion program. Health promoting behavior was measured by Park's HPBS, cholesterol was measured by enzyme method, and quality of life was measured by Ro's QOL. Result: The experimental group showed a higher score of health promoting behavior than the control group. There were no differences on cholesterol and quality of life between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: It is necessary that nurses provide middle-aged workers with work-site health promotion programs to improve health promoting behavior. It's necessary also to re-study this with the pre-post research design.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.421-427
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• 2023

Bladder exstrophy is a rare congenital condition of the pelvis, bladder, and lower abdomen that opens the bladder against the abdominal wall, produces aberrant growth, short penis, upward curvature during erection, wide penis, and undescended testes. Exstrophy affects 1/30,000 newborns. The bladder opens against the abdominal wall in bladder exstrophy, a rare genitourinary condition. This study is vital to provide appropriate therapy choices as a basis to improve patient outcomes. This study may explain bladder exstrophy and provide treatment. Epispadias, secretory placenta, cloacal exstrophy, and other embryonic abnormalities comprise the exstrophy-spades complex. The mesenchymal layer does not migrate from the ectoderm and endoderm layers in the first trimester, affecting the cloacal membrane. Embryological problems define the exstrophy-aspidistra complex, which resembles epimedium, classic bladder, cloacal exstrophy, and other diseases. Urogenital ventral body wall anomalies expose the bladder mucosa, causing bladder exstrophy. Genetic mutations in the Hedgehog cascade pathway, Wnt signal, FGF, BMP4, Alx4, Gli3, and ISL1 cause ventral body wall closure and urinary bladder failure. External factors such as high maternal age, smoking moms, and high maternal body mass index have also been associated to bladder exstrophy. Valproic acid increases bladder exstrophy risk; chemicals and pollutants during pregnancy may increase bladder exstrophy risk. Bladder exstrophy has no identified cause despite these risk factors. Exstrophy reconstruction seals the bladder, improves bowel function, reconstructs the vaginal region, and restores urination.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.420-436
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• 1996

본 연구는 이스라엘 보사교육부가 중학생을 위하여 개발 실시한 흡연예방 교육프로그램의 효과를 분석하고자 실시되었다. 이스라엘은 15세 미만의 청소년 흡연율이 다른나라 청소년들의 흡연율에 비해 가장 낮음에도 불구하고 18세가 되면서부터 청소년 흡연율은 현저하게 증가되고 있다. 이를 이스라엘 정부에서는 청소년들이 만 18세가 되면 2년간의 국방의무를 수행해야 하기 때문인 것으로 분석하고 있다. 때문에 이스라엘 정부는 청소년들이 흡연을 시작하기전에 흡연을 예방하고자 'To Breathe Clean Air'라는 흡연예방 교육프로그램을 계획 하였다. 본 연구는 단일군 사후 설계로 대상은 중학교 1, 2 학년생(7-8graders) 135명이었으며, 연령은 12-14 세로 11%가 흡연 경험이 있거나 흡연중이었고, 이들 중 24%는 이미 10세때부터 흡연을 시작했었다. 흡연하는 남학생이 여학생보다 유의하게 많았으며(p<.01), 학교성적이 스스로 열등하다고 생각하는 군이 그리고 친한 친구중에 흡연자가 있는 군이 흡연을 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 부모중에 한분이상이 흡연하는 학생이 30%를 차지하였는데, 부모님이 흡연시 그 자녀의 흡연률이 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 아니었다. 흡연에 대한 지식정도는 70%의 학생이 중이상의 지식정도를 가지고 있었는데, 남학생일수록, 학년이 높을수록, 학교성적이 우수한 학생일수록, 그리고 친한 친구중에 흡연자가 없을수록 흡연에 대한 지식정도가 높게 나타났고, 이들중 성별과 학년은 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 흡연에 대한 태도는 남학생일 때, 부친이 흡연을 하고 있을 때, social pressure를 잘 견딜수 있다고 한 군에서 더 부정적인 태도를 보였다(p<.01). 형제들 중 흡연자가 없는 군, 그리고 학교성적이 우수한 군이 흡연에 대한 부정적인 행동의도를 가지고 있었다(p<.01). 흡연에 대한 지식정도가 높을수록 흡연에 대해 더 부정적인 태도를 보였고, 흡연에 대한 부정적인 행동의도를 가진 학생들이 흡연에 대해 더 부정적인 태도를 보였다(p<.01). 흡연예방 교육프로그램 실시후 40%의 학생들이 이 프로그램이 흡연 예방에 효과가 있을 것임을 예측했고, 프로그램에 대한 관심정도는 여학생들이 높았으나(p<.05), 프로그램에 대한 만족정도는 남학생들에서 더 높게 나타났다(p<.01). 이상에서 친한 친구나 부모중에 흡연자가 있을 때 학생들은 흡연을 쉽게 배운다고 나타나 청소년 흡연에는 동료나 부모의 영향과 함께 사회적 압력을 견듸어낼 수 있는 자기효능감이 중요함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 이미 10세 이전에 흡연을 시작하는 학생이 있어 흡연예방 교육프로그램은 초기청소년기에 실시되어져야 한다고 본다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate a forecast model designed to describe a vocational high school for runaway students. The study included 2000 adolescents from the KEEP(Korean Education and Employment Panel). A Data mining decision tree model revealed that: (1) Suicide ideation was a risk factor for running away among smokers. (2) High self-evaluation was a risk factor for running away among individuals that smoked and had no suicide ideation. (3) Drinking was predicted as a risk factor for no smokers, while family life dissatisfaction was predicted as a risk factor among non-smokers that drank. (4) Negative relationship with mother was predicted as a risk factor among non-drinking non-smoking.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.138-146
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was to investigate the cancer screening rates and influence factors in island residents. Methods: The participants were 1,223 Shinan gun island residents. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from June 23th to September 8th, 2007 and analyzed using the SAS win 12.0 program. Results: The cancer screening rate was 49.9%. There were significant differences for sex, age, living with family, economic level, smoking, exercise, private health insurance, familial history, health concern. The highest practice rate was of stomach cancer (55.9%), which is gastric endoscopic exam. The most common motivation of getting a screening test was the concern of health (40.8%), and many had no recommender of the screening test (30.0%). 58.4% of the subjects were satisfied with the screeing tests and the most frequent reason of the satisfaction was 'rapid result report' (33.1%). The msot common reason of unsatisfaction was 'long waiting time' (25.7%). Most participants agreed with the necessity of cancer screening (74.9%). More than half participants said they would participate in another cancer screening tests in the future (51.9%). Private health insurance, exercise, health concern and smoking showed significant predictors (20.6%) of obtaining cancer screening. Conclusion: The results suggest that health care professionals should give more attention to help the residents obtain cancer screening tests. A further study is necessary to develop any effective intervention for people who do not practice cancer screening tests.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.429-437
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• 2011

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to describe the prevalence of low weight and to investigate related factors contributing to low weight in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: From the database of the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-IV), the researchers selected 2,964 older adults aged over 65. The original study was a population-based epidemiological survey of health and nutrition with a stratified multistage clustered probability design. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test and multiple logistic regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: The prevalence of low weight in older adults was 4.7%. The prevalence of low weight was different according to demographic characteristics. That is, the rate was higher in male elders, older ones, and rural residents. In the cases of current smoking, frequent alcohol consumption and no chronic disease, the prevalence of low weight was higher. Age, gender, area of residence, and current smoking were found to be contributing factors to low weight in community-dwelling older adults. Conclusion: The result of this study provides important insights into possible reasons for low weight in community- dwelling older adults and suggests that low weight should be considered in promoting older adults' health.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.83-98
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• 2001

Although periodic health examination has been one of the most common practices of preventive medicine, its effect on modification of risk behavior has been seldom assessed. Thus, this study attempted to demonstrate the influence of a health examination on modification of cardiovascular disease related health risk behaviors such as smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity. Data of 893 adults were derived from two types of a popular and highly acclaimed health examination program. With a conceptual model constructed using Persuasive Communication variables, McNemar tests examined Source-Outcome association, hypothesizing that different health examination programs would yield different levels of behavior change in smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity. No significant behavior change was found in any of the two health examination programs. Instead, previously established Receiver-Outcome relationship was reconfirmed by logistic regression modeling where gender was the most prominent predictor of all three behaviors. Men were more likely to be current smokers (OR=0.029), exercisers (OR=2.629), and obese (OR=0.237). The importance of followups after health examination is highly stressed as well as that of gender-specific health education strategies. This study recommends applying the social-ecological approaches in health examination, which emphasizes the support and collaboration at individual, family, organizations, community, and policy level to improve health. Long term and qualitative evaluation of health examination may provide more foundation for increasing the effectiveness of health education and communication in health examinations.

• 중소기업융합학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2016

연구의 목적은 고등학생을 대상으로 구강보건교육실태 및 구강보건행태를 조사하여 구강보건향상 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻는 데 있다. 고등학생을 대상으로 부적절한 답변이 기재된 19 부를 제외하고 279 부의 설문지가 분석되었습니다. 분석결과는 첫째, 흡연경험이 있는 경우가 없는 경우보다 구강관리 지식수준이 높게 나타났으며 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.025). 둘째, 자가 구강상태 인지의 경우 올바른 칫솔질 방법 교육 경험이 없는 집단이 있는 집단보다 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.000). 셋째 구강보건행태에 관한 질문은 흡연경험이 없는 집단이 있는 집단보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 따라서 구강보건행태와 구강보건지식간의 밀접한 연관이 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 구강보건교육실태에 따른 유의한 차이도 보이므로, 이를 근거로 구강보건향상 프로그램 및 금연프로그램이 고등학생들에게 제공되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among health behavior, wellness condition, and stage of change in health behavior by risk of cardiocerebrovascular diseases (CVD) in male office workers. Methods: A total of 205 male office workers participated in the 2017 National Health Examination at a manufacturing/ R&D business in Seongnam and completed self-reported questionnaires. Results: There were significant differences in health behavior scores by risk of CVD (F=4.78, p=.009) and statistically significant differences in no smoking (F=5.86, p=.003), exercise (F=5.49, p=.005), and health checkup (F=4.39, p=.014). There were statistically significant differences in health behavior (t=-4.14, p<.001) and wellness condition (t=-2.61, p=.010) by the stage of change in health behavior. Health behavior had a weak positive correlation with wellness condition (r=.36, p<.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that, when adjusted for age and employment period, the probability of becoming attention or risk group was 11% lower for quitting smoking (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81~0.97, p=.006) and 18% lower for regular exercise (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.70~0.95, p=.009). Conclusion: The direction of health management at the workplace should be changed to promote the wellness of all workers, not the management of the disease, and a health promotion program should be continued to emphasize health behaviors such as smoking cessation and regular exercise.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.529-538
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• 2001

Purpose: This study purposed to examine the disease-related knowledge level and compliance with good health behavior in patients with myocardial infarction according to the atherosclerotic risk factors. Method: The subjects consisted of 72 patients with myocardial infarction and the data were collected by interviewing the subjects with questionnaires and reviewing their medical records from September, 15, 1999 to July 31, 2000. Data were analyzed using the SAS program. Results: 1) With regard to atherosclerotic risk factors: of the subjects, 91.7% lacked regular exercise, followed by smoking (61.1%). 2) The average knowledge score of the patients was 19.7 and the average compliance score was 53.9. 3) There were no significant differences in the total knowledge scores according to the patients' atherosclerotic risk factors. 4) Non-diabetics were significantly higher in knowledge scores on domain of risk factors than the diabetics. 5) The overweight patients were significantly higher in knowledge score on domain of nature of disease than the normalweight patients. 6) The total compliance scores of the non-smokers were significantly higher than those of the smokers. 7) The total compliance scores of the patients who do regular exercise were significantly higher than those of the patients who forgo regular exercise. 8) The non-smokers were significantly higher in compliance scores on domain of diet than the smokers. 9) The diabetic patients were significantly higher in compliance scores on domain of smoking cessation than the non-diabetics. 10) Patients who do regular exercise were significantly higher in compliance scores on other domains than the patients who forgo regular exercise. Conclusion: According to the above findings, it can be concluded that intensive nursing care and education should be provided to patients who have atherosclerotic risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, lack of exercise, over weight, or hypercholesterolemia to increase disease related knowledge level and to improve compliance with good health behavior.