• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1998

To investigate the water balance in a paddy rice field with the pumping station for irrigation water supply, flow measurements and analysis on various components of water balance were carried out. The investigated area is 103.7 ha, and the irrigation water was supplied for 102 days during the total irrigation period starting from June 1. It was found that the consumption rate was increased as the growing stage was progressed. The variation of evapotranspiration rate was shown same tendency as the consumption rate, while no apparent tendency was found in infiltration rate upon different growing stages. And the ground water input to the area was predominant during the early stage of growing period, while ground water output from the study area was predominant at the end of the growing stage. The range of return flow rate, the ratio of total outflow to total inflow in every decad, was 57.6 to 85.7%. These values are slightly higher than reported values from the other investigation projects.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 1998

It is difficult to know how to restrict the amount of water supply in the drought season, because there is no objective standard rules. The purpose of the study is to present management rules to overcome the drought in the irrigation reservoir by forecasting the water level and restricting water supply according to the operation rule curve and the pattern of rotation-irrigation system. From the operation rule curve drawn up by analyzing the observed water level of reservoir, the water supply rules and rotation-irrigation patterns using WWW and GIS are suggested.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 2002

In 1980s, studies on the river environment and the management techniques to maintain the quality of water achieved actively. From the beginning of 1990s, the concept considering the river ecology and conservation in urban area have been introduced in Korea. Recently, some environment friendly projects on the rivers have been executed and some are under way. Many small rivers in rural areas have been maintained considering landscape and partly ecology. However until the pilot project named Songsam drainage channel project started in 1998, there were no studies and projects on the irrigation and drainage channels considering environment friendly maintenance. Korea Agricultural and Rural Infrastructure Corporation (KARICO) is going to introduce environment friendly and naturally favorable maintenance technique when the new projects to reform the irrigation and drainage channels are planned. Irrigation channel in O-dong project site in Yeomsan-myeon, Younggwang-gun was designed considering environment friendly consolidation and maintenance.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 1992

Up to now, monthly water balance analysis has been dominantly used for the water resources planning. But, it is more reasonable to explain the variation of spatial and temporal distribution of water by the daily water balance model with daily streamflow data. Since we are recently facing the problems of regional unbalance of water quantity, and of multiuse of irrigation water, and of deterioration of water quality, it is urgently needed to develop the daily water balance model to solve those problems and establish the rational plannings of agricultural water resources. In the circumstances, Daily water Balance(DAWABA) model for irrigation reservoirs was developed and the operation rule of irrigation resorvoir during drought season was established.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.455-464
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the influence of Steroid topical irrigation and implant surface on bone healing in the irradiated rabbit tibia. Implant to bone contact surface ratio and the pattern of bone healing around hydroxyapatite(HA) coated implant and pure titanium (Ti) implant which were inserted into the irradiated rabbit tibia were compared. 16 Korean house mature male rabbits were used as experimental animal. Each rabbit received 15 Gy of irradiation. 4 weeks after the irradiation, two holes were prepared in the irradiated tibia of each rabbits, where two surface type of implants were inserted :1) HA coated type and 2) pure Ti type. Right before placing implants, one group of rabbit received steroid irrigation and the other group did saline. After the irrigation, two implants of HA coated type and pure Ti type were inserted into the tibia of each rabbits. Each rabbit were sacrificed at 2nd, 4th, and 8th week after the implantation and the specimens were observed by the light microscope. The pattern of bone healing and histomorphometric analysis of the implant-bone interface were done. The results were as follows. 1. All implants inserted into the irradiated tibia of rabbit did not show any sign of clinical mobility and the bone around implants inserted into the irradiated tibia of rabbit did not show any resorption. 2. The bone to implant contact surface ratio around HA coated implants that received steroid irrigation got more bone to implant contact surface ratio than that of the saline irrigation. This result showed statistically significant(p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in 8th week group. 3. Though there was no statistically significant difference HA coated implants had more bone to implant contact surface ratio than pure Ti implant in 2nd and 4th groups, and there was no difference in 8th week group. 4. All implants inserted into the irradiated tibia of rabbit had exhibited successful osseointegraion.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.169-175
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of irrigation water pollution on the yield and grain quality of rice. It acquires fundamental data to set up water quality standards for irrigation and produce agricultural safety products. The correlations of BOD, T-N, T-P, pH, ECw of the irrigation water with yield, grain appearance quality, and the protein content were evaluated. The field and pot experiments were conducted by using Japonica of Oryza sativa L. during 2 years. BOD concentration in irrigation water effects strongly on grain appearance quality and yield of rice. T-N in irrigation water has strong effect on the yield, appearance, and quality of rice. T-P concentration in irrigation water have not any correlation with yield and quality of rice. pH showed strongly negative correlation with maturity ratio(MTR), 1000 grain weight(TGW), and yield of rice(YLD) as r=-0.803~-0.828(p<0.001) and have no effect on the appearance quality of rice. $EC_w$ indicating salt content showed strongly negative correlation with MTR, TGW, number of grains per panicles(NGP), and number of panicles per unit area(NPM) as r=-0.759~-0.798, and with YLD as -0.753.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.674-683
• /
• 2017

The frequency and intensity of soil moisture stress associated with climate change has increasing, and the stability of field crop cultivation has decreasing. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of soil moisture management method on growth and yield of corn. Soil moisture was managed at the grade of WSM (wet soil moisture, 34.0~42.9%), OSM (optimum soil moisture, 27.8~34.0%), DSM (dry soil moisture, 20.3~27.8%), and ESM (extreme dry moisture, 16.6~20.3%) during V8 (8th leaf stage)-VT (tasseling stage). After VT, irrigation was limited. The treated amount of irrigation was 54.1, 47.7, 44.0 and 34.5% of total water requirement, respectively. The potential evapotranspiration during the growing period was $3.29mm\;day^{-1}$, and upward movement of soil water was estimated by the AFKAE 0.5 model in the order of ESM, DSM, OSM, and WSM. We could confirm this phenomenon from actual observations. There was no significant difference in leaf characteristics, dry matter, and primary productivity depending on the level of soil moisture, but leaf development was delayed and dry weight decreased in DSM. However, dry weight and individual productivity of DSM increased after irrigation withdrawal compared to that of OSM. In DSM, ear yield and number of kernels per ear decreased, but water use efficiency and harvest index were higher than other treatments. Therefore, it is considered that the soil moisture is concentratedly managed before the V8 period, the V8-VT period is controlled within the range of 100 to 500 kPa (20.3~27.8%), and no additional irrigation is required after the VT.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.448-453
• /
• 2014

여름철 고온기 비가림고추 재배 시 차광 정도와 관수 유무에 따른 생육과 엽육세포 조직에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 차광 처리는 뿌리 활착이 완료된 시점인 정식 20일부터 비가림 하우스 내부에 $30{\pm}5%$, $80{\pm}5%$ 차광이 되는 검은색 차광망을 씌워 처리하였고 무차광구를 대조구로 하였다. 관수 처리는 정상적으로 관리한 관수 처리구와 초기 활착까지 관수를 하고 정식 후 25일부터 관수를 하지 않은 무관수 처리구로 하였다. 그 결과, 차광 정도는 30% 차광 처리구에서 초장과 엽면적은 다른 처리에 비해서 높았고, 경경, 생체중 및 건물중은 무차광 처리구에서 좋았다. 관수 유무에 있어서는 관수 처리구가 무관수 처리구에 비해서 생육이 좋은 것으로 확인되었다. 수확 초기의 수량은 자연광 무관수 처리구에서는 49개로 가장 많았고, 자연광 관수 처리구는 22개 이었으며 30% 차광의 무관수 처리구는 5개, 관수 처리구는 1개이었다. 그러나 80% 처리구에서는 관수유무에 관계없이 착화수가 가장 낮았고 착과가 되지 않고 모두 낙화되었다. 관수유무에 따른 수확량은 관수 처리구가 무관수 처리구에 비해서 높은 경향을 보였다. 관수 유무와 차광 처리구 고추의 엽육조직을 광학현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 차광정도가 심할수록 엽육의 두께가 얇았으며 엽육조직의 발달도 미약함이 확인되었으나, 관수 유무에 따른 엽육조직의 발달에는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 기공을 SEM으로 관찰한 결과, 대조구 대비 30% 차광 시 기공형태는 정상적으로 발달하였으나 기공주위의 조직이 약간 쭈글쭈글한 증상이 보였고, 80% 차광 처리의 잎은 쭈글쭈글함이 심하였고 비정상적인 기공도 많이 보였으며 관수 유무에 따라서는 무관수 처리구의 잎 기공주위 조직이 심하게 쭈글쭈글하고, 기공수도 10-20% 정도 적은 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 따라서 여름철 고온기 고추 비가림 재배 시 차광을 하지 않은 것이 수량성과 엽육조직의 발달에 좋았으며, 부득이하게 차광을 할 경우에는 가급적 차광율이 낮은 것을 사용하는 것이 좋을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 저일조 환경 하에서는 관수를 피하고 보광하면 착과를 증대시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 향후 고온기 여름철 비가림 재배 시 적절한 품종 선택, 적절한 환경관리 기술 등 다각적인 면에서 검토가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
• /
• pp.3-6
• /
• 2005

In this paper, the real scenario of water situation (e.g. water management, water availability and flooding) in an irrigated rice cultivation area in Suphanburi Province, Central-West Thailand is discussed together with the NDVI time series data. The result shown is derived by our classifier named 'Peak Detector Algorithm (PDA)'. The method discriminated 5 classes in terms of irrigation activities and cropping intensities, namely, Non-irrigated, Poorly irrigated - 1 crop/year, Irrigated - 2 crops/year, Irrigated - 3 crops/year and Others (no cultivation happens in a year or other land covers). The overall accuracy of all classified results (1999-2001) is around $77\%$ against independent ground truth data (general activities or function of an area). In the classified results, spatial and temporal inconsistency appeared significantly in the Western and Southern areas of Suphanburi. The inconsistency resulted mainly by anomaly of rainfall pattern in 1999 and their temporal irrigation activity. The algorithm however, was proved that it could detect actual change of irrigation status in a year.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.73-76
• /
• 2020

Cranial implant removal is recommended if implants become exposed owing to scalp necrosis after cranioplasty. However, it carries the risk of extensive bleeding, and the resultant cranial defects can cause both aesthetic and functional problems. We present a case of a scalp defect exposing a cranial prosthetic implant that was reconstructed with a local flap and salvaged using an indwelling antibiotic irrigation system. A 73-year-old man presented with scalp necrosis after undergoing cranioplasty due to intracranial hemorrhage. The cranial implant was exposed through the scalp defect. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was detected in the culture from the open wound. After debridement of the necrotic tissue and burring of the superficial layer of the implant, a transposition flap was used to cover the defect and an indwelling antibiotic irrigation system was installed. Continuous irrigation with vancomycin was conducted for 5 days, and intravenous vancomycin was continued for 4 weeks. The flap was in good condition at 4 months postoperatively, with no infection. The convex contour of the scalp was well maintained. The patient's neurological status was stable. Exposed cranial implants can be salvaged with continuous antibiotic irrigation as an alternative to implant removal; thus, the risk of bleeding and possible disfigurement may be avoided.