• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.687-699
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• 2005

In order to investigate the effect of dietary zinc and phytic acid levels on protein metabolism in rats, male rats of Sprague-Dawley strains weighing approximately $60\~74g$ were fed different diets which contained 0, 0.35 and $1.05\%$ phytic acid each at 3 levels of zinc(0, 30 and 1,500 ppm zinc) for 28 days. Result obtained in this experiment are summarized as follows; 1. Body weight gait food consumption food efficiency ratio and protein efficiency ratio were lower in the rats fed zinc deficient diet(0 ppm zinc) than in those consuming 30 or 1,500 ppm dietary zinc, and the additional effect of phytic acid were not observed in all of then 2. Liver weight was lower in the rats fed 30 ppm zinc diet than in those fed 0 or 1,500 ppm-zinc diet but kidney and spleen weights were lower in the rats fed zinc deficient diet than in those fed 30 or 1,500 ppm-zinc diet Among organs measured only the liver appeared to be influenced by dietary phytic acid: the more the dietary phytic acid, the more the weight of liver, 3. Fecal nitrogen was decreased in the rats fed zinc deficient diet compared with those fed 30 or 1,500 ppm dietary zinc. Urinary nitrogen was increased in the rats fed $1.05\%$ dietary phytic acid compared with those fed 0.35 or $0\%$ dietary phytic acid Nitrogen retention of rat was influenced by neither dietary zinc nor phytic acid. 4. Urea nitrogen was decreased with increasing dietary zinc levels, and creatinine and uric acid levels were increased with increasing dietary zinc concentration or with additional quantity of phytic acid. Uric acid appeared to be influenced by zinc x phytic acid interaction; especially, the presence of phytic acid in the 30 ppm-zinc diet had significant effect on uric acid content. 5. Hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit ratio were higher in the rats fed 30 ppm dietary zinc than in those fed 0 or 1,500 ppm-zinc diet Serum zinc concentration was increased with increasing dietary zinc levels. The content of total protein albumin and BUN and the ratio of albumin to globulin in serum, and protein content in liver were influenced by neither dietary zinc nor phytic acid.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.505-512
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• 2006

In Korea, silicate fertilization (SF) is being practiced every four years to enhance rice production. However, the relationship between nitrogen (N) and SF in view of growth characteristics and grain yield of rice has not been examined after watermelon cropping in plastic film house. This study was carried out to identify useful critical N and Si fertilizer levels to sustain grain yield and to improve N use efficiency for rice. The watermelon-rice cropping system has maintained for three seasons in each year from 1998 to 2001 by farmer before this experiment. Experiments on N and Si fertilization levels were evaluated with Hwayoungbyeo (Oryza sativa L.) in 2002 and 2003 at Uiryeong, Korea. The goal of this experiment was to find out the optimum N and Si levels to sustain rice yield by reducing excessive N fertilizer in watermelon-rice cropping system. Nitrogen fertilization (NF) levels were three ($0,\;57,\;114kg\;ha^{-1};0,\;50,\;100%$ of conventional NF amount) and five (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) in 2002 and 2003, respectively, and combined with three SF levels ($70,\;130,\;180mg\;kg^{-1};100,\;150,\;200%$ which were adjusted with Si fertilizer in soil) were evaluated for the improvement of N and Si fertilization level in both years. Rice yielded 3.98-5.95 and 2.84-4.02 t/ha in 2002 and 2003, respectively. Our results showed the combinations of 50% and 100% of N with 200% level of Si produced the highest grain yield in both years, respectably. The grain yield was greatly improved in plot of N25% level when compared to conventional NF (Nl00%) in 2003. In conclusion, NF amount could be reduced about 50% compared to recommended level by specific fertilization of N and Si combination levels for rice growing and grain yield after cultivation watermelon in paddy field.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.193-202
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• 1982

검정 공팡이의 분화에 따른 균체내의 총 탄수화물 및 trehalose의 함량변화를 연구하였다. 검정 곰팡이를 Czapeck-Dox액체배지로서 진탕배양과 정치배양법에 의해 배양하여 검정 곰팡이의 각 분화과정에서의 균체내의 총 탄수화물 및 trehalose함량을 Trevelyan및 Harison(1955)의 탄수화물분화 및 정량법에 의해 측정하였다. 검정 곰팡이가 포자를 형성할 때에 총 탄수화물의 양이 증가하였고 trehalose는 특히 포자형성 직전에 극적으로 증가하였다. 또한 배지내의 성분함량의 결핍에 따른 탄수화물량의 변화를 연구하기 위해 본 실험에 사용된 Czapeck-Dox 배지내의 질소원, 인산원, glucose 등의 함량의 제한시 검정 곰팡이 분화과정의 각 단체에서의 탄수화물 및 trehalose함량 변화를 실험하였다. 질소원의 함량을 제한할 때, 총 탄수화물과 trehalose양이 기본 배지에서 배양했을 때보다 증가하였다. 인산원 제한시도 총 탄수화물과 trehalose양이 증가하였으나, 질소원 제한 배지에서 배양했을 때 보다는 뚜렷하지 못했다. 굴루코즈 함량제한시는 총 탄수화물 및 trehalose양의 변동을 관찰할 수 없었다. 이들 총 탄수화물 및 trehalose의 함량변동은 검정 곰팡이의 분화와 관련성이 있는 것으로 해석된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.259-267
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• 1995

A study was conducted to investigate nitrogen balance and to estimate daily nitrogen requirement in 43 Korean female college students students maintaining their usual diet and activity levels. Nitrogen intake and excretion were measured in two separate peroids about one month apart, each period lasting for 3 days. Nitrogen intake was assessed by duplicate portion analysis of diet, and N excretion in faces and urine were measured during the study period. Mean daily nitrogen intake level was 129.3mg/kg B.W and the apparent digestibility of nitrogen was 76%. Mean daily urinary nitrogen excretion was 113.5mg/kg BW. 895 of total nitrogen intake. Mean daily nitrogen balance of subjects was -14.5mg/kg BW. Mean daily requirements of nitrogen for 0 balance, calculated by regression analysis of N balance and energy-adjusted N intake. were 1) 197.mg/kg B.W with the present energy intake level of the study subjects. 2) 157mg/kg B.W when energy intake is sufficient to maintain energy balance, and 30 130mg/kg B.W. when energy intake is Korean RDA level for moderate activity. When energy intake level is sufficient to meet their requirement, daily protein requirement for 0 balance is about 1.0g/kg B.W. The results of this study indicate that nitrogen intake level of young female college students is not sufficient to meet their requirements, and they should increase protein intake together with increase in energy intake.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 1991

This study was carried out to compare the protein quality of lamb and beef meat. by feeding to growing rats. Sixty weanling rats, 30 males and 30 females, were blocked into 12 groups(6 gruops of males and 6 groups of females). They were fed casein. beef, or lamb as a protein source at two levels, 6 and 15%, for 5 weeks. The amount of food intake. food efficiency ratio, protein efficiency ratio. body weight gain. and the weights of skeletal muscles and liver were measured. Nitrogen retention, protein content in the liver and skeletal muscles, and the levels of protein and cholesterol in the serum were also assayed. Summarzing the results, there were no significant differences between lamb and beef on the growth and nitrogen utilization in the rats fed same percentage of protein diet. However. rats fed 15% protein diet showed significantly higher growth rate than those fed 6%. Therefore, it can be concluded that lamb is as good a protein food as beef in terms of protein quality.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.237-248
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• 2008

질소를 5, 10, 30, 60 mM 수준으로 재배한 가지잎을 먹이로 점박이응애의 발육을 조사하였다. 질소 시비수준이 증가함에 따라 식물체내 N함량은 증가하였으나 K, Ca, Mg는 감소하였으며, 수분함량과 조단백질은 증가하였지만 회분, 탄수화물, 섬유소등은 감소하였다. 질소 시비수준에 따른 수량은 10 mM처리에서 주당 989.5 g으로 가장 많았고, 60 mM처리에서 가장 적었다. 잎 두께와 엽록소함량은 질소함량이 증가할수록 증가하였다. 엽편에서 실내실험 결과 식이선호성과 산란선호성은 30 mM처리에서 높았고, 5 mM처리에서 낮았다. 온실에서 정식 99일 후 자연 발생되는 점박이응애의 피해엽률은 60 mM에서 98%로 가장 높았고 방제구와 피해구의 생육은 질소농도가 높을수록 차이가 커졌다. 점박이응애의 발육은 처리 간에 경향을 찾을 수가 없었으나 엽내 질소함량이 높을수록 각 영기별 사망률은 낮아졌다. 성충의 수명은 질소함량이 높은 60 mM처리에서 암수 각각 11.9일, 6.9일로 길었다. 산란기간도, 60 mM처리에서 11.7일로 가장 길고 질소함량이 낮아질수록 짧아졌다. 산란 수는 질소함량이 높은 60 mM처리에서 144.4개로 가장 많았고, 5 mM처리에서 41.0개로 가장 적었다. 성비는 10 mM처리에서 0.75로 암컷의 비율이 높았다. $R_o$와 T는 질소수준이 높을수록 증가하였고, $r_m$과 $\lambda$는 처리 간에 경향이 없었으며, DT는 감소하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 1981

한국재래산양(韓國在來山羊)에 대(對)한 단백질(蛋白質)의 요구량(要求量)을 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 생체종별(生體種別)로 단백질(蛋白質)의 급여수준(給與水準)에 차이(差異)를 두고 질소(窒素)의 축적율(蓄積率)을 측정(測定)하였고 혈청(血淸)의 단백질(蛋白質) 및 요소(尿素)의 함량(含量)을 조사(調査) 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. l. 생후(生後) 8개월령(個月令)의 생체중(生體重) 14kg의 빈산양(牝山羊)에 대(對)하여 무단백질사료(無蛋白質飼料)를 급여(給與)하여 측정(測定)한 내인성요질소량(內因性尿窒素量)은 1일(日) 평균(平均) 1.29g이었으며, 내인성(內因性) 분질소량(糞窒素量)은 1.27g이었다. 따라서 1일(日) 최소(最少) 단백질(蛋白質) 요구량(要求量)은 22g이다. 2. 기온(氣溫)이 영하(零下) $10^{\circ}C$이하(以下)로 하강(下降)할때는 단백질수준(蛋白質水準)을 20%로 급여(給與)하여도 질소축적율(窒素蓄積率)이 부(負)를 나타내므로 energy의 소모량(消耗量)이 많은 것으로 추측(推測)된다. 3. 생체중(生體重) 20kg의 임신(姙娠)한 빈산양(牝山羊)의 질소(窒素) 축적율(蓄積率)은 17~20%로서 성장중(成長中)인 산양(山羊)에 비(比)하여 낮았다. 4. 혈청(血淸)의 단백질(蛋白質) 및 요소함량(尿素含量)은 단백질(蛋白質) 급여수준(給與水準)의 저하(低下)에 따라서 현저(顯著)하게 저하(低下)되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.288-293
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• 2000

Two rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.), Hwa-seongbyeo of Japonica type and Taebackbyeo of Indica/Japonica type, were cultivated with hydroponic culture to examine nitrogen effects on the growth responses, contents and utilizations of carbohydrates, and the ripening velocity of grains with three different N levels. Plant height and tiller number were clearly increased to 80 ppm N level compared to 40 ppm N level and then they were slightly decreased in N level of 120 ppm. Higher dry weights were appeared with 80 ppm N level than did with other N levels, showing statistically differences in both cultivars and N levels, while dry weight of roots was heavier with decreasing the N levels. Therefore, T/R ratios were not significantly different among N levels, although there was statistically differences between rice cultivars. After the flowering stage, higher water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and water-insoluble carbohydrate (WISC) were contained in stem compared with other parts, showing that WISC of sheath and stem, unlike WSC, was significantly different among N levels. Starch of grain, WISC, was remarkedly increased from 3.0% at just after the flowering to 52.0% and 75.0% at 15 and 30 day after the flowering, respectively, showing that lower N application had faster accumulation of starch in rice grains. N would affect the contents of carbohydrates of each tissue, and starch accumulation in rice grains.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.71-74
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• 2003

Effects of nitrogen addition on the growth of Indigofera pseudo-tinctoria (Leguminosae) in the waste landfill site was investigated. Nitrogen fertilization in the nitrogen poor soils of waste landfill may influence the growth of nitrogen fixing plants beneficially or detrimentally. When I. pseudo-tinctoria was fertilized with three different levels of nitrogen, the coverage of plants treated with 46 g N/$m^2$ and 460 g N/$m^2$ was significantly less than that of plants treated with 23 g N/$m^2$. The growth rates of plant height treated with 46 g N/$m^2$ and 460 g N/$m^2$ were significantly less than those of plants treated with 23 g N/$m^2$. The growth rates of plant diameter treated with 46 g N/$m^2$ and 460 g N/$m^2$ were significantly less than those of plants treated with 23 g N/$m^2$. Dry weights of whole plants in control sites were higher than those of all the others nitrogen treatment sites. Nodule numbers were higher in control plants than those of plants in all the other nitrogen treatment sites. It is suggested that nitrogen fertilizer addition over 23 g N/$m^2$ affect the growth of some nitrogen fixing plants, such as I. pseudo-tinctoria, negatively.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2000

The person' spending time in underground s[aces within indoor environment show a tendency to increase every year, but in Korea, levels and sources of pollutant in underground spaces have not been well-characterized. Therefore, as part or a larger indoor environmental study, conducted at subway station in Seoul, nitrogen dioxide was measured using passive samplers in 16 subway stations, 2 tunnels and 70 workers of subway station. The mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in subway stations were $27.87{\pm}7.15$ ppb at station office, $35.76{\pm}8.35$ ppb at platform, $52.60{\pm}13.04$ ppb at outdoor, respectively, and the Indoor/Outdoor ratio were 0.49~0.93. The mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in tunnels were $44.91{\pm}4.67$ ppb in Chunggye-Nowon tunnel with a single track, $42.55{\pm}3.33$ ppb in Mokkol-Taenung tunnel with double track, respectively, and as a result of t-test, a single track levels were higher than double track levels(p<0.05). The mean personal exposure of the subject of station workers was $29.40{\pm}9.75$ ppb.