• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.712-720
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• 1998

The effect of H2:N2 gas ratio on the case thickness hardness and nitrides formation in the sur-face of SCM440 machine structural steel have been studied by micro-pulse plasma process. The thickness of compound layer increased with the increase of nitrogen content in the gas com-position. The maximum thickness of compound layer the maximum case depth and the maximum surface hardness were about 15.8${\mu}m$, 400${\mu}m$ and Hv765 respectively in the nitriding condition of 250Pa and 70% nitrogen content at $520^{\circ}C$ for 7hrs. Generally only nitride phases such as ${\'{\gamma}}$($Fe_4N$)$\varepsilon(Fe_2}{_3N}$ phases were detected in compound and diffusion layer by XRD analysis. The amount of $\varepsilon(Fe_2}{_3N}$ phase increased with the increase of nitrogen content. The relative amounts and kind of phases formed in the nitrided case changed with the change of nitrogen content in the gas composition.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.238-243
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• 2011

Al/AlN composites were synthesized by mechanical alloying using process control agents(PCAs). Three different PCAs which contain N element, were examined to see the effectiveness of ball-milling and the nitridation during sintering. Among examined PCAs, $C_8H_6N_4O_5$ was the most effective to facilitate ball-milling and to form nitrides during a subsequent sintering. By a proper control of ball-milling and sintering, we could obtained surface-hardened Al-based composites.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.258-267
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• 1998

For the purpose of investigating the growth characteristics and composition of nitrides, gas nitridings of the austenitic stainless steel, STR 36 heat resisting steel and martensitic stainless steel are investigated at the temperature ranges between $500^{\circ}C$ and $675^{\circ}C$ for 5hours under the $75%NH_3+5%CO_2+20%$Air gas atmosphere. When gas nitriding the austentic stainless steel and STR 36 heat resisting alloy, the abnormal growth behavior of compound layer deviating from the conventional diffusion law with increasing temperature appears, while the compound layer of martensitic stainless steel shows the normal diffusional growth behavior. From the examination of microstructure, X-ray diffraction and hardness test, it is concluded that the abnormal growth behavior of compound layer with increasing temperature induces from the formation and dissolution of CrN and ${\gamma}^{\prime}-Fe_4N$ at the nitriding temperature ranges of $600{\sim}650^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2002

One of the shortcoming of ferritic stainless steels is their limited toughness. The most important factor governing the toughness of ferritic stainless steels is hewn to be their interstitial contents. Due to the limited solubility of carbon and nitrogen in the ferrite matrix, it is difficult to avoid carbide and nitride precipitates. In the study, the role of nitrogen on the toughness of 260r-2Mo superferritic stainless steel welds has been investigated using alloys containing various nitrogen levels between 100 and 1640 ppm. Mechanical properties of weld metals have been evaluated by microhardness, Charpy impact test and notch tensile test. The alloys are mainly embrittled by the grain boundary and intragranular nitride precipitation. Grain boundary precipitates are considered to be more deleterious than intrauanular nitrides. Fracture mechanism have been elucidated through microscopic evaluation of notch tensile test

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1290-1295
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 공구마멸에 대한 정량적인 해석을 바탕으로 현대 산업사회의 주요소재인 강(steel)에 대한 최적 공구재를 선정하는 방법을 제시하므로서 앞으로의 공구재 개발에 대한 이론적인 접근을 시도하였다.

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.397-402
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• 1994

기계적 합금화방법을 이용 실온에서 철분말의 질화물을 얻을 수 있다. 이때 얻어진 준안정 철질화물은 질소농도가 14.9[at. %N]이하에서는 bcc 구조의 과포화 고용체가, 그리고 19.4[at. %N]이상에서는 고온상인 hcp 구조임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 bcc상의 Fe원자당 Volume은 문헌에 보고된 N-martensite의 것보다 작은 값을 나타내었다. 제조된 철질화물의 실온 포화 자화값은 질소농도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였으며, 이 결과는 bct 구조의 철질화물에서 질소농도가 증가함에 따라 자화값이 증가하는 것과 대조적이었다.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.580-581
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• 2006

The present paper investigates the possibilities of niobium using for the mechanical properties of the common low alloyed Cu-Ni-Mo-C sintered structural steels enhancing. On both thermodynamic and experimental bases there were demonstrated the Nb nitrides/carbides/carbonitrides preferential formation in these steels during sintering in dissociated ammonia at both common and elevated temperatures. The obtained results for $0.2\;{\div}\;1.0\;%$ fine Nb powder and 0.3% graphite additions to Distaloy AB iron base powder cold compacted and sintered in dissociated ammonia proved the expected strengthening effect, leading to higher mechanical properties of the processed steels than of the common Cu-Ni-Mo-C ones.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.288-293
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• 2003

Mechanical alloying (MA) by high energy ball mill of Pure chromium Powders was carried out under the nitrogen gas atmosphere. Cr-N amorphous alloy powders have been produced through the solid-gas reaction subjected to MA. The atomic structure during amorphization process was observed by X-ray and neutron diffractions. An advantage of the neutron diffraction technique allows us to observe the local atomic structure surrounding a nitrogen atom. The coordination number of metal atoms around a N atom turns out to be 5.5 atoms. This implies that a nitrogen atom is located at both of centers of the tetrahedron and octahedron formed by metal atoms to stabilize an amorphous Cr-N structure. Also, we have revealed that a Cr-N amorphous alloy may produced from a mixture of pure Cr and Cr nitrides powders by solid-solid reaction during mechanical alloying.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.121-128
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• 1998

The degradation of mechanical properties in the high nitrogen steel HN3 developed for nuclear fusion reactor has been evaluated quantitatively using the small punch(SP) test, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis has also been conducted to identify carbides or nitrides precipitated on grain boundaries of the heat treated samples. Mechanical properties of the steel HN3 significantly decreased with increasing heat treatment time and temperature or with decreasing testing temperature. Combination of XRD and metallurgical observation, revealed that the material degradation in the thermally aged steel was caused by precipitation of carbides on the grain boundaries. While the weld metal showed the lowest mechanical properties among various microstructures in GTA weldments. By combining SP test and XRD analysis, cryogenic fracture behaviors and aging degradation for high nitrogen steel could be successfully evaluated in nondestructive manner.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.265-275
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• 1999

Titanium nitride and related overlayers produced by arc ion plating (AIP) are applied as commercial coatings in world-wide scale since the middle of 80s. Due to the achievements of low temperature deposition (LTD), they begin now to be used as wear and corrosion-resistant coatings for machine parts, besides applications on cemented carbide and high speed steel cutting tools. On the other side, TiN can be now applied successfully to brass, Al-alloy, ZnAl alloy articles as decorative coating through LTD. Various nitrides, carbonitrides, borides and other refractory compounds, such as (Ti, Al)N, TiCN, CrN, are used as the coatings for special heavy-duty working conditions instead of TiN since 90s. More and more multilayer coatings are applied now substituting single layer ones. Duplex processes are under development.