• 펄프종이기술
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• 제37권4호통권112호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2005

To Increase the productivity of a paper machine, the maximization of the machine speed is a kind of simple way As the machine speed increases, more intense wet pressing is required to persist the outlet consistency of press part and reduce the water removal of dryer part. With more intense pressing, there are concerns that the quality of paper will be affected. This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of wet-pressing on internal structure of paper, The nip pressure at the first and third nip in triple nip press was controlled. Paper structures, strength properties and pore properties were evaluated. As a result, first nip pressure more strongly influenced the paper structural properties than third nip pressure in triple nip pressing condition. Because of the high water content and low wet-web strength of paper web in first nip, increasing the first nip pressure induced the incipient crushing of wet-web and then caused a potential of web break during the following coating or printing processes.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.2231-2235
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• 2008

Thermal performance of fusing system in laser printer is determined by FPOT(First print out time) required and toner fusing quality. FPOT is influenced by the thermal resistance of fusing system between heat source and nip region. Also FPOT is depended by the heat source power and toner fusing temperature. The fusing quality of toner is decided by the temperature, pressure and duration time in nip region. In this study, I have performed thermal analysis for the toner fusing system. Computational simulation has been used to understand the effect of heat source power and printing speed etc. on the temperature distribution of the fusing system. Also in order to predict fusing quality, numerical simulation of the process that paper is continuously supplied to the nip regions were performed. In comparison with the experimental results of the fusing quality vs transferred calory to the toner layer, I could evaluate various fusing condition parameters effected on the thermal performance.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2006

Printed mottle of coated paper is one of the most common but the most difficult problem in offset printing. Printed mottle is caused by an uneven penetration of Ink into the paper, binder migration, etc. For a high quality printing, development of new paper coating technologies to prevent print mottle is required. So for, the study of solving printed mottle is coated paper absorption controlled by base paper sizing and coating layer binder migration control. As a results, printed mottle has improved in coated paper. But printing is worked by interaction of printing ink, coated paper and printing pressure, then we need to understand of interaction printing work and coated paper. This research focused on a way of improving printed mottle by investigating various printing conditions such as ink dispersion, nip condition and amount of ink transfer using IGT printability tester.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2005

A change of z-directional structural and surface properties by calendering has a great influence on liquid penetration into a sheet. It could be also important for multi-ply sheet because it contacts liquid dunhg coating or converting process. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate of a change of z-directional structure in multi-ply sheet by calendering. To do this, multi-ply sheets were prepared with various raw materials and calendered at the different pressure and temperature conditions. In multi-ply sheet which consisted of one kind of pulp fiber, thickness reductions were higher in top and bottom plies than in middle plies. And in the case of soft nip calender treatment with high temperature, top layer which was in contact with heating roll showed the highest reduction of thickness. Hard nip calender treatment showed U-shaped density profile in z-direction, but compression profile by SNC treatment was dependent on calendering condition. To examine z-directional structure of multi-ply sheet which was composed of different raw material for each layer, CLSM (Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy) analyses were carried out on cross direction of sheet. It turned out to be a useful tool for investigating z-directional analysis. As a result, variation of thickness reduction in z-direction is dependent on ply structure, compressibility of pulp fiber, and calendering condition.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.172-177
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• 2004

Biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate copolymer(BO - PET)film laminated aluminiums have been applied for chip condenser case. The BO PET film is characterized by high molecular which gives high corrosion resistance, good adhesion and high heat resistance. The higher orientation lowers formability of the film. So, optimum orientation has to be controlled during the laminating process. And to confirm the adhesion between BO PET and aluminium and to guarantee the formability of PET laminated aluminums, we have controlled the chromium oxides weight on the aluminium and laminating condition ( laminating temperature, soaking temperature and lag time after nip roll and quenching conditions) This paper discusses the effect of the laminating conditions on the formability of laminated aluminums. As results, it is clear that the orientation of the BO PET film decreased with an increase in the strip temperature. When the film temperature is over the melting point of the film, its orientation drastically decreased.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2000

Interlace textured yarn was developed in order to increase weaving process efficiency. Today, interlace texturing is very useful method of manufacturing the high added value compound yarns for new synthetic fabrics. In this research, new silky type high added value compound yarns were. manufactured by interlace texturing technology and tested their properties. The object of this research is to investigate the relationship between interlace textured yarn properties and processing parameters that is air pressure, yarn tension and take-up speed. The original filament yarns used were TTD(Thick & Thin Semi-Dull) 110d/72f and SCD(Semi-Dull Cation Dyeable) 75d/36f. 27 specimens were manufactured and tested for their physical properties-nip density, tensile properties, multi-step shrinkage test and surface structure by SEM. The air pressure was main process condition to change properties of interlace textured yarns. And interlace textured process had influence on weaving preparation process, weaving, knitting and so on. It has some influence on shrinkage properties of dyeing and finishing processes.

• 자연, 터널 그리고 지하공간
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.117-129
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• 2019

Tunnelling in urban environments is very common nowadays as large cities are expanding and transportation demands require the use of the underground space for creating extra capacity. Inevitably, any such new construction may have significant effects on existing nearby infrastructure and therefore relevant assessment of structural integrity and soil-structure interaction is required. Foundation piles can be rather sensitive to nearby tunnel construction and therefore their response needs to be evaluated carefully. Although detailed three-dimensional continuum finite element analysis can provide a wealth of information about this behaviour of piles, such analyses are generally very computationally demanding and may require a number of material and other model parameters to be properly calibrated. Therefore, relevant simplified approaches are used to provide a practical way for such an assessment. This paper presents a simple method where the pile is modelled with beam finite elements, pile-soil interaction is modelled with soil springs and tunnelling-induced displacements are introduced as an input boundary condition at the end of the soil springs. The performance of this approach is assessed through some examples of applications.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2007

The printed mottle is recognized as the most common printing problems in using coated paper and one of the most difficult problems to solve in offset printing. Printed mottle is caused by an uneven penetration of ink into the paper and binder migration. The prevention of printed mottle requires of coating color formation, especially the minimum of binder migration. Printing worked by interaction of printing ink, coated paper and printing pressure. In this study, we investigated the effect of the properties changing of coated paper and printing conditions such as ink dispersion, nip condition and amount of ink transfer.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.380-383
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• 2006

The media transport system is used in a printer, a ATM(Automated Tellor Machine), and so on. The media transport system has many problems through miniaturization and rapid transportation of these machines. In the paper feeding mechanism, it is important to feed the sheet without jamming under any conditions. To avoid sheet jamming, first we need to predict the behavior of the sheet exactly. In this paper, the analysis of media behavior is based on J. Stolte's studies. In all of OA machines, a flexible beam or plate is pushed from the channel. The motion may be constrained by guides. This leads to a transient and geometrically nonlinear problem. The behavior of paper is simulated by dynamic elastica theory. The shape of guide is represented by parametric cubic curve. But J. Stolte's studies did not considered contact condition between sheet and guide. So Klarbring's Model. will be applied. And the analysis of flexible media has to include aerodynamic effect for more exact behavior analysis, because the flexible media can be deformed drastically by a little force. Therefore aerodynamic force must be applied to the governing equation. Lastly, the simulation of this model is performed, and the experiment is performed for verification of this model. The experimental results of low exit velocity are consistent with the simulation results, however experimental results of high exit velocity do not agree well with analytical results. The reason is that there may be other effects like nip Phenomena

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.199-213
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• 2008

2006년 4월 새만금의 외곽 방조제가 완전히 체절됨에 따라 방조제 내부수역은 염수호수로 전환되었다. 방조제가 조성되는 과정 동안 호수의 수질 변화를 조사하기 위하여 1999년부터 2007년까지 4회의 고정 관측과 13회의 공간 관측이 이루어졌다. 조사 기간 동안 염분, 부유물질, 영양염(DIN, DIP, DISi), 엽록소-$\alpha$를 분석하여 방조제 조성 이후 초기의 수질 변화를 집중적으로 검토하였다. 방조제 체절로 인해 내측의 호수에서 조석의 약화는 저층 퇴적물의 재부유현상을 약화시켰고, 수중의 부유물질 농도를 감소시켰다. 이로서 태양광이 수층의 깊은 곳까지 침투할 수 있게 되었고, 자연히 식물플랑크톤의 광합성이 증가되었을 것이며, 이러한 현상은 엽록소-$\alpha$의 농도가 약 2배 정도 증가하는 결과로 나타났다. 식물플랑크톤의 급격한 성장과 수중의 부유물질의 농도 감소는 표층수의 DIP 농도를 더욱 감소시키는 결과로 나타났고, 이에 반해 표층수의 DIN과 DISi는 방조제 체절 이후 새만금호 내에서 확장된 담수의 영향과 저층에서의 공급으로 인하여 식물플랑크톤의 소비에도 불구하고 체절 이후에 증가한 것으로 평가되었다. 이에 따라 수중의 N/P 비율이 급격하게 증가하게 되었고, DIP가 일차생산의 제한인자로서 작용하게 되었다. 결과적으로 새만금호는 방조제의 체절로 인하여 과거에 전형적인 대조차 연안환경에서 DIP가 일차생산의 제한인자로 작용하는 기수환경으로 전환되었다. 금강 하구언 조설 이후 금강하구에서도 동일한 현상이 나타났으나, 새 만금호수의 경우 현재까지 해수 유통이 계속되고 있기 때문에 염수쐐기현상을 통해 저층으로 유입한 해수로 인해 염분 성층이 발생한다면 여름철에 저층에 국부적인 빈산소층이 발생할 가능성이 있으므로 이에 대비한 집중적인 감시가 필요하다.