• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.751-757
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• 2018

A ring is nil-clean if every element is a sum of a nilpotent and an idempotent, and a ring is involution-clean if every element is a sum of an involution and an idempotent. In this paper, a description of nil-clean rings of nilpotency index at most 2 is obtained, and is applied to improve a known result on involution-clean rings.