• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.115-115
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• 2011

Nano hybrid superlattices consisting of organic and inorganic components have great potential for creation of new types of functional material by utilizing the wide variety of properties which differ from their constituents. They provide the opportunity for developing new materials with new useful properties. Herein, we fabricated new type of organic-inorganic nano hybrid superlattice thin films by a sequential, self-limiting surface chemistry process known as molecular layer depostion (MLD) combined with atomic layer deposition (ALD). An organic layer was formed at $150^{\circ}C$ using MLD with repeated sequintial adsorption of Hydroquinone and Titanium tetrachloride. A $TiO_2$ inorganic nanolayer was deposited at the same temperature using ALD with alternating surface-saturating reactions of Titanium tetrachloride and water. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy, we confirmed visible light absorption by LMCT. And FTIR spectroscopy and XPS were employed to determine the chemical composition. Ellipsometry and TEM analysis were also used to confirm linear growth of the film versus number of MLD cycles at all same temperature. In addition, p-n junction diodes domonstrated in this study suggest that the film can be suitable for n-type semiconductors.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.293-299
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• 2002

A new taxon of Ilex is described from Wando Island, Province Jeonnam, Korea. Ilex x wandoensis C. F. Miller & M. Kim hybrid nov. originates from the natural hybridization of the parent species, I. cornuta Thunb. and I. integra Thunb. Leaves of the new taxon have smooth, spinose margins, a condition that is intermediate between the twisted, spinose leaf margins of I. cornuta and the smooth, entire margins of I. integra. The new hybrid species shares several characters with its two parents, including evergreen leaves, dioecy, and red drupes.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.368-373
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• 2005

This paper presents a new framework for the traffic flow control based on integrated model descriptions as the Hybrid Dynamical System (HDS).

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 1997.03a
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• pp.235-246
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• 1997

Hybrid fuzzy gain scheduling controller is composed of a PD control and a fuzzy control for taking the advantage of each scheme. The key structure of the hybrid fuzzy gain scheduling control scheme is so called a switch which calculates weighting values between the fuzzy controller and the PD controller. However, due to the requirement of the switch , the hybrid fuzzy gain scheduling control scheme needs extra fuzzy logic processing, thus the structure is complicated. and requires more calculation time. To eliminate the drawbacks, a new hybrid fuzzy gain scheduling control scheme is proposed in this paper. In the proposed scheme, the membership function, for calculating of weithting value, and the input and output membership functions are combined. Thus the proposed hybrid scheme does not require switch for calculation of weighting value, and as a result, the calculation time is faster and the structure is more simple than the existing hybrid controller. Computer simulation results for an inverted pendulum model under Pole-Placement PID controller, fuzzy gain scheduling controller,existing hybrid controller , and proposed hybrid controller are compared to demonstrate the good property of the proposed hybrid controller.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.33-45
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• 2021

Many researchers are using the heterosis, heterobeltiosis and hybrid vigour over check parent value formulae to determine the hybrid vigour for animals, plants and silkworm breeding. These formulae are ideal for determine the hybrid vigour for the positive direction of single trait. It is difficult using these formulae for multiple traits. Suggested modification for cardinal formulae were made as well as suggestion new formula for determines hybrid vigour for multiple traits. Modifications of hybrid vigour were made to facilitate judgment of best hybrids under study for multiple traits. Nineteen local hybrids of mulberry silkworm were prepared for these investigations in addition the imported Bulgarian hybrid. Comparison between the cardinal and the modifications formulae were applied for thirteen economic characters. Nine positive and four negative direction characters were observed. Modified formulae make the judgment of heterobeltiosis, heterosis and hybrid vigour over check parent value very facilitate for positive and negative traits.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.45-51
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• 2013

We developed a new antibacterial material, a non-woven fabric, a sulfur solution, and a new adhesive system to manufacture a new type of functional hybrid corrugated board in previous studies. Based on experimental data, the prototypes of functional hybrid corrugated boards were manufactured and their physical properties and functionalities, including antibacterial property and the freshness maintenance of sweet persimmon, were measured in this study. The functional hybrid corrugated board could be manufactured in the actual process with linerboards, non-woven fabrics, and other materials without any troubles, and was strong enough to be used as a packaging box for agricultural products. The antibacterial property of the hybrid corrugated board showed a value high enough to eliminate bacteria, which could deteriorate the sweet persimmons. Based on appearance observations, weight loss and firmness measurements, the freshness of sweet persimmons in the functional hybrid corrugated board was maintained better than it was in the conventional corrugated board.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.323-335
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• 2020

Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), a smart material, is an innovative material for base isolation system. It has magnetorheological (MR) effect that can control the stiffness in real-time. In this paper, a new hybrid base isolation system combining two electromagnetic closed circuits and the roller bearing is proposed. In the proposed system, the roller part can support the vertical load. Thus, the MRE part is free from the vertical load and can exhibit the maximum MR effect. The MRE magnetic loop is constructed in the free space of the roller bearing and forms a strong magnetic field. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed hybrid base isolation system, dynamic characteristic tests and performance evaluation were carried out. Dynamic characteristic tests were performed under the extensive range of strain of the MRE and the change of the applied current. Performance evaluation was carried out using the hybrid simulation under five earthquakes (i.e., El Centro, Kobe, Hachinohe, Northridge, and Loma Prieta). Especially, semi-active fuzzy control algorithm was applied and compared with passive type. From the performance evaluation, the comparison shows that the new hybrid base isolation system using fuzzy control algorithm is superior to passive type in reducing the acceleration and displacement responses of a target structure.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.225-232
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• 1998

We have expressed GFP in Sf9 and Bm5 cells or Bombyx mori larvae by using Ac-Bm hybrid virus capable of replicating in both Bm5 and Sf9 cells. Genomic DNA of Ac-Bm hybrid virus expressing ${\beta}$-galactosidase was cotransfected with baculovirus transfer vector containing GFP gene, pBacPAK-GFP in Sf9 cells. The Ac-Bm hybrid virus harboring GFP was named as Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP. The Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP-infected insect cells were easily selected by detecting the emission of GFP from each well of cell culture dish on the UV illuminator. GFP produced by Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP in Sf9 and Bm5 cells or B. mori larvae was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis using GFP antibody. In addition, B. mori larvae infected with Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP was apparently appeared fluorescence from the whole body at S days postinoculation. The fluorescence of GFP from the hemolymph and fat body of B. mori larvae infected with Ac-Bm hybrid virus-GFP was also observed by fluorescence microscope. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that in baculovirus expression vector system, use of Ac-Bm hybrid virus have an additional advantage of expanded host range for producing recombinant proteins.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.43-48
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• 2001

Economical consumption of energy, longer life of lamps, higher lighting comfort and new aesthetic of illumination is subject of numerous research and development works. The halogen lamps are an example of positive solution some of above mentioned problems. The electronic transformers are more frequent used for their supply. In comparison with conventional transformers they have less weight, less volume and 60% less power losses. Their advantages are particular visible, when the hybrid technique is applied. The paper presents the results of engineering research and development works carried out in Private Institute of Electronic Engineering, in R. & D. Center for Hybrid Microelectronics and Resistors and in Technical School of Communications in Krakow, in the field of the design and exploitation tests of hybrid converters 220V AC /12V DC (electronic transformers) and electronic ballasts destined for the supply of halogen lamps 20W to 150W and fluorescent lamps respectively. To perform the converters, thick film technology and surface mount technology were used. For the protection of converter electronic circuit the thick film temperature sensor and transistors were applied. Moreover the paper presents the base application circuits of elaborated converters, their technical parameters and exploitation results. The development perspectives of such domain of hybrid circuits are also discussed.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.405-422
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• 2007

A new hybrid damping technique for vibration reduction in flexible structures, wherein a combination of layers of hard passive damping alloys and active (smart) magnetostrictive material is used to reduce vibrations, is proposed. While most conventional vibration control treatments are based exclusively on either passive or active based systems, this technique aims to combine the advantages of these systems and simultaneously, to overcome the inherent disadvantages in the individual systems. Two types of combined damping systems are idealized and studied here, viz., the Noninteractive system and the Interactive system. Frequency domain studies are carried out to investigate their performance. Finite element simulations using previously developed smart beam elements are carried out on typical metallic and laminated composite cantilever beams treated with hybrid damping. The influence of various parameters like excitation levels, frequency (mode) and control gain on the damping performance is investigated. It is shown that the proposed system could be used effectively to dampen the structural vibration over a wide frequency range. The interaction between the active and passive damping layers is brought out by a comparative study of the combined systems. Illustrative comparisons with 'only passive' and 'only active' damping schemes are also made. The influence and the mode dependence of control gain in a hybrid system is clearly illustrated. This study also demonstrates the significance and the exploitation of strain dependency of passive damping on the overall damping of the hybrid system. Further, the influence of the depthwise location of damping layers in laminated structures is also investigated.