• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.12
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• pp.1953-1958
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• 2012

The major causes of electrical fire are classified to short circuit fault, overload fault, electric leakage and electric contact failure. The occurrence factor of the fire is electric arc or spark accompanied with such electric faults, specially short circuit faults. Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELB) and Molded_case Circuit Breaker (MCCB), that is, Residual Current Protective Devices (RCDs) used on low voltage distribution lines cut off earth leakage and overload, but the RCD can not cut off electric arc or spark to be a major factor of electrical fire. As the RCDs which are applied in low voltage distribution panel are prescribed to rated breaking time about 30ms(KS C 4613), the RCDs can't perceive to the periodic electric arc or spark of more short wavelength level. To improve such problem, this paper proposes a prevention apparatus using the line voltage drop of neutral wire and some semiconductor switching devices. Some experimental tests of the proposed apparatus confirm the validity of the analytical results.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.12
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• pp.2135-2142
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• 2010

This paper studies the validity about a joint operation of neutral wire and overhead grounding wire in combined distribution systems. The overhead grounding wire and neutral wire are currently installed separately and grounded by common. However there is no any ineffectiveness or electrical problem in case of the proposed system, such system can be operated at real distribution system. Therefore this paper describes the suitability of a joint operation through lightning surge analysis on combined distribution systems. Lightning surge analysis is carried out by EMTP/ATPDraw to obtain the overvoltage of overhead line and underground cable in various conditions such as locations and current types of lightning stroke. Overvoltage gained by the analysis show that the insulation strength of the joint operation case is not stable compare with the current operation case.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.184-190
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• 1998

Most buildings and factories are supplied with electric power by three-phase four-wire low voltage electric distribution system. This method pollutes the neutral line and utility sources with harmonic currents. Today, development of power conversion technology and the popularization of computer cause the neutral current to become serious. In this paper, a novel three-phase four-wire active filter is proposed to solve these harmonic problems has two purposes. The first purpose of the proposed active filiter is that the phase current has a sinusoidal waveform shape under the nonlinear load. The second purpose of the proposed active filiter is that the current on the neutral line become zero under the unbalanced power source and under the varring load conditions. The ability of the shunt active filiter has been proved to be excellent through simulations under the varring load conditions.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.554-560
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• 2018

Since Korea has a small land area, it is expected to construct the conductor return type with neutral wire in the case of ${\pm}500kV$ HVDC double bipole transmission line. Therefore, in order to apply ${\pm}500kV$ HVDC double bipole transmission line with neutral wire in Korea, it is necessary to develop technology for insulation and environmental designs. In this study, radio interference, audible noise, electric field and ion current density according to the polarity arrangement were compared and assessed in the ${\pm}500kV$ HVDC double bipole transmission line with the conductor return method. And the optimum configuration of HVDC double bipole transmission line was determined from the viewpoint of electrical environment.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2016

A flexible electronic device deformed by external force causes the failure of a semiconductor die. Even without failure, the repeated elastic deformation changes carrier mobility in the channel and increases resistivity in the interconnection, which causes malfunction of the integrated circuits. Therefore it is desirable that a semiconductor die be placed on a neutral line where the mechanical stress is zero. In the present study, we investigated the effects of design factors on the position of neutral line by finite element analysis (FEA), and expected the possible failure behavior in a flexible face-down packaging system assuming flip-chip bonding of a silicon die. The thickness and material of the flexible substrate and the thickness of a silicon die were considered as design factors. The thickness of a flexible substrate was the most important factor for controlling the position of the neutral line. A three-dimensional FEA result showed that the von Mises stress higher than yield stress would be applied to copper bumps between a silicon die and a flexible substrate. Finally, we suggested a designing strategy for reducing the stress of a silicon die and copper bumps of a flexible face-down packaging system.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.1100-1105
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• 2010

The high speed line and conventional line are a single-phase AC feeding system; and power supplies of different phases meet at SS(SubStation)s or SP(Sectioning Post)s. These sections should be negotiated with the main circuit breaker in the traction vehicle switched off, whereby the length of the neutral zone prevents the pantographs shunting adjacent overhead line section. In order for electric railway vehicles to make power running there, there must be a power supply changeover section (approx. for 1km), where a changeover switch changes a power supply to the other power supply of a train running direction sequentially. For a thorough changeover switching control, the precise train position detection is necessarily required. In this paper, to realize the ground-based train position detection method, configuration scheme of train position detection equipment is suggested by using track circuit and axle counter.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.522-525
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• 2011

3상 4선식 배선 라인에서 중성선이 탈락할 경우 부하측의 중선선에 연결된 일부의 부하측 전압은 급상승하게 되고 이로 인한 피해가 많으므로 본 연구에서는 배전라인의 점검시 또는 접촉 불량에 의하여 발생할 수 있는 중성선의 탈락을 순간 감지하고 이를 보상하여 별도로 중성선을 생성하여 새로운 중성선을 순간 제공함으로서 중성선 탈락에 의한 피해를 최대한 억제하고자 하는 것이다. 이로 인하여 부하측의 전압상승에 의한 전기적 재해를 사전에 미리 예방이 가능한 효과도 있게 된다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1426-1430
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• 2009

AC AT feeding method consists return circuits of electric train inserting in parallel between trolly line and feeding line and connecting neutral line to rail and FPW. Due to increasing electric load at feeding system, collecting voltage of train and end voltage are going down. So to increase voltage between trolly line and rail, the usefulness of new autotransformer are considered which variation of short impedance and change of line voltage is simulated with modified winding ratio of autotransformer from 1:1 to variable tab.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.1111-1116
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• 2011

Power distribution systems onboard vessels are typically configured without any live line connected to hulls for earthing purpose, where the line to hull voltages are affected and deformed depending on the impedances consisting of insulation resistances and distributed capacitances between power lines and hull. An insulation fault at power lines causes the line to hull voltages to increase to a higher level which brings more possibilities to electric shock and deterioration of insulation material. This study focuses on how to configure a module which enables to continuously monitor the voltages between power line and hull based on the vector diagram by analyzing the neutral point of 3 phase voltages and the algorithm for plotting method on the PC monitors.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.99-104
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• 2017

The three-phase four-wire power distribution system can be used to supply power to single-phase and three-phase loads at the same time. There are linear loads and nonlinear loads as single-phase loads connected to each phase. The nonlinear load generates a harmonic current during the power energy conversion process. In particular, the single-phase nonlinear load has a higher proportion of generation of the third harmonic current than the harmonics of the other orders. In a three-phase four-wire system, the third harmonic current flows through the neutral wire to the power supply side, affecting the power supply side and the line. Furthermore, the magnitude of the current flowing in the neutral line can be higher than the current flowing in the individual phase. If the neutral current is higher than the phase current, the breaker may be blocked. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the amount of current flowing in the neutral line by harmonics. There is a method of zigzag connecting a single phase transformer by a method of reducing 3 harmonic current. In this study, the method of reducing the magnitude of the three harmonic currents flowing through the zigzag wire by comparing the polarity and the negative polarity characteristics of the single phase transformer was compared through measurement and simulation.