• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.803-803
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• 2002

Several environmental problems have occurred and extremely affected throughout the East Asia region. Satellite imageries and spatial information have been used in the applications of environmental and natural hazard management for years. Sharing these data and resources in the community is considered as one of the optimal solution. It would consequently bring cost saving to all participated countries and eventually be beneficial to mankind as a whole. Encouraged by these factors, ASEAN＋3 Satellite Image Archive for Environmental Study project was submitted by Thailand in the 3rd Senior Official Meeting between ASEAN, China, Japan and Korea (SEOM＋3 Meeting) and approved by the SEOM＋3. The main objectives of this project are to share satellite images, information related to natural resources and environmental issues, and to provide data information services to all ASEAN＋3 countries. The proposed system is basically embedded by distributed system. The network of data users, data providers, and the center will be established using the Internet. User can access, navigate, display, and even download some archived contents. Its service site can be generally categorized into two parts, which are environmental related data archive and the Integrated satellite image catalogue. The extension of web based GIS is also planned for future development so that GIS users can conduct some preliminary analysis directly on line. This presentation will indicate scope of work, system, working scenario, and work plan of the project.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.3221-3242
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• 2021

The purpose of the study is to examine the current study trend of 'QR code' and suggest a direction for the future study of big data analysis: (1) Background: study trend of 'QR code' and analysis of the text by subject field and year; (2) Methodology: data scraping and collection, EXCEL summary, and preprocess and big data analysis by R x 64 4.0.2 program package; (3) the findings: first, the trend showed a continuous increase in 'QR code' studies in general and the findings were applied in various fields. Second, the analysis of frequent keywords showed somewhat different results by subject field and year, but the overall results were similar. Third, the visualization of the frequent keywords also showed similar results as that of frequent keyword analysis; and (4) the conclusions: in general, 'QR code' studies are used in various fields, and the trend is likely to increase in the future as well. And the findings of this study are a reflection that 'QR code' is an aspect of our social and cultural phenomena, so that it is necessary to think that 'QR code' is a tool and an application of information. An expansion of the scope of the analysis is expected to show us more meaningful indications on 'QR code' study trends and development potential.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.565-575
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose a non-fungible token (NFT) transaction method that can commercialize the real 3D property and make property sharing possible using the 3D reconstruction technique. In addition, our proposed method enhances the security of NFT copyright and metadata by using optical encryption. In general, a conventional NFT is used for 2D image proprietorial rights. To expand the scope of the use of tokens, many cryptocurrency industries are currently trying to apply tokens to real three-dimensional (3D) property. However, many token markets have an art copyright problem. Many tokens have been minted without considering copyrights. Therefore, tokenizing real property can cause significant social issues. In addition, there are not enough methods to mint 3D real property for NFT commercialization and sharing property tokens. Therefore, we propose a new token management technique to solve these problems using integral imaging and double random phase encryption. To show our system, we conduct a private NFT market using a test blockchain network that can demonstrate the whole NFT transaction process.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.257-268
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• 2022

When there is a missing value in the raw data, if ignore the missing values and proceed with the analysis, the accuracy decrease due to the decrease in the number of sample. The method of imputation and analyzing patterns and significant values can compensate for the problem of lower analysis quality and analysis accuracy as a result of bias rather than simply removing missing values. In this study, we proposed to study irregular data patterns and missing processing methods of data using machine learning techniques for the study of correction of missing values. we would like to propose a plan to replace the missing with data from a similar past point in time by finding the situation at the time when the missing data occurred. Unlike previous studies, data correction techniques present new algorithms using DNN and KNN-MLE techniques. As a result of the performance evaluation, the ANAE measurement value compared to the existing missing section correction algorithm confirmed a performance improvement of about 0.041 to 0.321.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.161-164
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• 2022

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) schemes have been recently growing as a reliable solution to preserve users' information owe to maintaining and operating the user data in the encrypted state. In addition to that, several Neural Networks models merged with HE schemes have been developed as a prospective tool for privacy-preserving machine learning. Those mentioned works demonstrated that it is possible to match the accuracy of non-encrypted models but there is always a trade-off in the computation time. In this work, we evaluate the implementation of CKKS HE scheme operations over the layers of a LeNet5 convolutional inference model, however, owing to the limitations of the evaluation environment, the scope of this work is not to develop a complete LeNet5 encrypted model. The evaluation was performed using the MNIST dataset with Microsoft SEAL (MSEAL) open-source homomorphic encryption library ported version on Python (PyFhel). The behavior of the encrypted model, the limitations faced and a small description of related and future work is also provided.

• Architectural research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2023

This study aims to derive key construction supervision work that can be digitalized among construction supervision work. The scope of the study includes domestic construction sites to which the Building Act of South Korea is applied. First, the construction supervision process was identified through extensive consultation of construction expert witnesses. Afterwards, the key construction supervision works for digitization were derived through survey results construction expert witnesses. Among the 24 supervision works throughout the pre-construction, construction, and post-construction stages, the proportion of supervision work manpower or cost, the type of data generated by supervision work and the urgency of introducing digital technology, and the impact on productivity and safety of supervision work were evaluated on a 5-point scale from "very low" to "very high" was investigated. The survey was conducted by t-test analysis, and as a result, it was possible to derive that the level of digitization was higher than average in "quality management," "safety management," and "collection and cooperation of maintenance instructions." It can be interpreted that digitization has been introduced on a pilot testing basis or has already been completed according to the needs of the site. On the other hand, it can be interpreted that the work that are obtained below the average score are considered to be realistically constrained at the construction site and that it is inevitable for the supervisor to proceed manually. Future studies include analyzing the quantitative impact of the key construction supervision work once digitalization is fully applied.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-186
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• 2010

Purpose: Delirium can be a highly prevalent symptom in intensive care units but it may still be under-recognized despite its relation with inclined morbidity, mortality, cost, and readmission. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a protocol that covers risk factors and non-pharmacological interventions to prevent delirium in ICU patients. Methods: This study was conducted using methodological design, and it followed the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN) guideline development steps: 1) the scope of protocol was decided (population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes); 2) guidelines, systematic reviews, and protocols were reviewed and checked using methodology checklist; 3) the level of evidence and recommendation grades was assigned; 4) the appropriateness of recommendations was scored by experts; 5) the final protocol & algorithm was modified and complemented. Results: The evidence-based delirium prevention protocol was completed that includes predisposing factors, precipitating factors and recommendations with evidenced grades. Conclusion: This protocol can be used as a guide nurses in screening patients with high risk factors of delirium as well as in intervening the patients non-pharmacologically to prevent delirium.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.2
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• pp.235-242
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• 2002

We propose an advanced transaction scheduling protocol for concurrency control of multilevel secure databases in wireless mobile network environment. Wireless communication is characterized by frequent spurious disconnections. So short-lived transaction must quickly access database without any delay by long-lived one. We adapted two-phase locking protocol, namely traditional syntax-oriented serializability notions, to multilevel secure databases in wireless mobile network environment. Altruistic locking, as an advanced protocol, has attempted to reduce delay effect associated with lock release moment by use of the idea of donation. An improved form of a1truism has also been deployed for extended a1truistic locking. This is in a way that scope of data to he early released is enlarged to include even data initially not intended to be donated. Our protocol is based on extended altruistic locking, but a new method, namely bi-directional donation locking for multilevel secure databases (MLBiDL), is additionally used in order to satisfy security requirements and concurrency. We showed the Simulation experiments that MLBiDL outperforms the other locking protocols in terms of the degree of throughput and average waiting time.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

A new online routing algerian is proposed in this paper, which use the interference-prediction to solve the network congestion originated from extension of Internet scope and increasing amount of traffic. The end-to-end QoS has to be guaranteed in order to satisfy service level agreements (SLAs) in the integrated networks of next generation. For this purpose, bandwidth is allocated dynamically and effectively, moreover the path selection algorithm is required while considering the network performance. The proposed algorithm predicts the level of how much the amount of current demand interferes the future potential traffic, and then minimizes it. The proposed algorithm considers the bandwidth on demand, link state, and the information about ingress-egress pairs to maximize the network performance and to prevent the waste of the limited resources. In addition, the interference-prediction supports the bandwidth guarantee in dynamic network to accept more requests. In the result, the proposed algorithm performs the effective admission control and QoS routing. In this paper, we analyze the required conditions of routing algorithms, the aspect of recent research, and the representative algorithms to propose the optimized path selection algorithm adequate to Internet franc engineering. Based on these results, we analyze the problems of existing algorithms and propose our algorithm. The simulation shows improved performance by comparing with other algorithms and analyzing them.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.92-100
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• 2016

It is informed that the Voice over LTE(VoLTE) which serves voice and message on IP networks is better in terms of economies of scale than the legacy voice service on 2G/3G circuit-switched networks because of its technological and cost efficiency. In addition, services of voice and data are running on a single LTE network and as a result VoLTE has the more economies of scope. But, there is no study about how much technology-efficiency VoLTE has compared to circuit-based voice service and how much voice charge can be reduced as VoLTE grows up. This paper analyzes empirically cost-efficiency of VoLTE against circuit-based voice service and quantifies the reduction of voice charge as 2G/3G voice traffic shifts to VoLTE. The results describe the first is that the average cost of the total voice traffic rises shortly just after the investment of LTE network for providing VoLTE but it will soon have a capacity available to reduce the charge due to VoLTE's outstanding cost efficiency on the assumption that voice traffic is fixed, and the second is that the charge can be cut to 60% of the current rate in case of all the voice traffic moves to VoLTE. The latter proves partially the validation of data-focusing pricing plan. Our results are expected to become basic data for network operators' establishing pricing strategies and for policy makers' inducing price cutting.