• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.127-132
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• 2021

Since the World Health Organization proposed guidelines for creating an age-friendly city in 2007, Efforts have been underway to create an age-friendly city to prepare for an aging society around the world. At this point in time, This study shows the local governments that are currently certified as an age-friendly city and the local governments that prepare for certification, improving the welfare level of single-person households for the elderly. For this purpose, Based on the theoretical discussion of elderly-friendly cities and single-person households, the policy implications are reflecting the eight major areas of the development of an aged-friendly city residential, economic, health, leisure and social participation, and for senior citizens in a single household presented policy reflections on four levels. Finally, The Limitations of the Unsurvey on the Actual Conditions of the Elderly in Single Households and future research directions were presented through the survey.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.70-83
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• 1998

With the launch of a new millenium of the 21st century ahead, one of tasks that need to be considered in urban ecological aspect is the understanding of impact of continuing urbanization on urban ecosystem, habitats, and various species of animals and plants. In addition, alternatives and measures to mitigate these impacts including environment restoration should be pursued. In this article, the following points will be reviewed; 1) the definition and significance of an eco-city and "ecological network", 2) the necessity of an eco-network as one of factors composing an eco-city, in the aspects of urban planning and urban ecology, 3) ways to build an urban ecological network and example of foreign countries, 4) as an example of a city in Korea, the present state and impending tasks of the ecological network of Seoul city, and 5) a brief conclusion and suggestion. By providing a basic tool called "an ecological network" for urban space planning, it attempts to contribute in promoting networking of cities (netropolis) and urban biodiversity. It is believed that how to create an ecological network in an artificially developed urban area is a pending issue we are faced with. Herein lies the necessity of natural environment restoration and creation based on the so-called the Third Ecology. Regarding the efforts to return the Nature to urban citizens, there is a need to view the development of a desirable urban ecological network as the starting point and finishing point of the effort. In this way, it is believed that the objectives of urban sustainability through netropolis development would also be achieved.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.9-18
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• 2018

This paper proposes new algorithms of accessibility indices to analyze the connectivity of the Korean highway network. First of all, we find a transportation network that presents Korea's highway network in graphs in 2011 and 2017. And we analyze and compare the nation's highway network in 2011 and 2017 using concepts such as associated number, the relative distance, the accessibility, the degree of connectivity, the index of dispersion, the diameter of graph theory. To do this, an algorithm is presented which can easily obtain various accessibility indices from a given transportation network. Using the simulation results of this study, we can find city that is the center of traffic in the highway transportation network. In addition, cities that are included in the network but are relatively underdeveloped can be found and used as basic data for enhancing the connectivity of the nationwide traffic in the future. Moreover, the proposed algorithms of accessibility indices, which are modeled on highway transport networks, can help identify the accessibility space structure of each city and provide criteria for efficient and reasonable selection of alternatives in various regional planning processes, including transportation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2022

As a portal to rural town, Myeon near large cities is expected to represent image of the rural area. But, the landscape are changing rapidly due to development pressure and to the expansion of the transportation network. For visitors and transit traffic, Recognizing that the characteristics of the streetscape is an important task for the vitalization of the rural district. In particular, it was found that the visual quantity of the central street in the location of the town was closely related to the preference of the streetscape, and the visual quantity of trees and the visual quantity of the building showed an inverse relationship of + and - respectively. Since this is not a simple ratio of the sky to the building, but a relative factor, the possibility of landscape improvement can be improved through management of public facilities or green spaces and maintenance of open spaces or gaps between buildings. It seems that it is necessary to secure separate means for the management of the architectural landscape, such as the establishment of a special landscape plan or establishment of ordinances.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.23-30
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• 2022

Recently, traffic congestion and environmental pollution have occurred due to population concentration and vehicle increase in large cities. Various studies are being conducted to solve these problems. Most of the traffic congestion in cities is caused by traffic signals at intersections. This paper proposes a dynamic traffic light control (DTLC) scheme to support safe vehicle operation and smooth traffic flow using real-time traffic information based on VANET. DTLC receives instantaneous speed and directional information of each vehicle through road side units (RSUs) to obtain the density and average speed of vehicles for each direction. RSUs deliver this information to traffic light controllers (TLCs), which utilize it to dynamically control traffic lights at intersections. To demonstrate the validity of DTLC, simulations were performed on average driving speed and average waiting time using the ns-2 simulator. Simulation results show that DTLC can provide smooth traffic flow by increasing average driving speed at dense intersections and reducing average waiting time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.136-136
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• 2022

This study investigates the possibility of coupling empirical mode decomposition (EMD) for runoff prediction from machine learning (ML) models. Here, support vector regression (SVR) and convolutional neural network (CNN) were considered for ML algorithms. Precipitation (P), minimum temperature (Tmin), maximum temperature (Tmax) and their intrinsic mode functions (IMF) values were used for input variables at a monthly scale from Jan. 1973 to Dec. 2020 in the Grand river basin, Canada. The support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) technique was applied for finding the best combination of predictors among input variables. The results show that the proposed method outperformed the individual performance of SVR and CNN during the training and testing periods in the study area. According to the correlation coefficient (R), the EMD-SVR model outperformed the EMD-CNN model in both training and testing even though the CNN indicated a better performance than the SVR before using IMF values. The EMD-SVR model showed higher improvement in R value (38.7%) than that from the EMD-CNN model (7.1%). It should be noted that the coupled models of EMD-SVR and EMD-CNN represented much higher accuracy in runoff prediction with respect to the considered evaluation indicators, including root mean square error (RMSE) and R values.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.67-79
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• 2016

The forecasting of air pollution is an important and popular topic in environmental engineering. Due to health impacts caused by unacceptable particulate matter (PM) levels, it has become one of the greatest concerns in metropolitan cities like Karaj City in Iran. In this study, the concentration of $PM_{2.5}$ was predicted by applying a multilayer percepteron (MLP) neural network, a radial basis function (RBF) neural network and a Markov chain model. Two months of hourly data including temperature, NO, $NO_2$, $NO_x$, CO, $SO_2$ and $PM_{10}$ were used as inputs to the artificial neural networks. From 1,488 data, 1,300 of data was used to train the models and the rest of the data were applied to test the models. The results of using artificial neural networks indicated that the models performed well in predicting $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations. The application of a Markov chain described the probable occurrences of unhealthy hours. The MLP neural network with two hidden layers including 19 neurons in the first layer and 16 neurons in the second layer provided the best results. The coefficient of determination ($R^2$), Index of Agreement (IA) and Efficiency (E) between the observed and the predicted data using an MLP neural network were 0.92, 0.93 and 0.981, respectively. In the MLP neural network, the MBE was 0.0546 which indicates the adequacy of the model. In the RBF neural network, increasing the number of neurons to 1,488 caused the RMSE to decline from 7.88 to 0.00 and caused $R^2$ to reach 0.93. In the Markov chain model the absolute error was 0.014 which indicated an acceptable accuracy and precision. We concluded the probability of occurrence state duration and transition of $PM_{2.5}$ pollution is predictable using a Markov chain method.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.116-130
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• 2012

This study focuses on analyzing the design industry in creative industry in the context of upbringing growth engine of regional development policy and strategy. This research probe the spatial characteristics and inter-organizational network structure change from 2000 to 2010 using social network analysis(SNA) in terms of structural, spatial and temporal aspects. first, with the statistical data of design industry, this research evaluate spatial distribution and agggglomeration compared with 16 cities and 7metropolitan scales in Korea. Next, the group of density in the knowledge network of design industry explained with the spatial characteristics and inter-organizational network evolution in time series. After considering the government policy and strategy providing as a result of establishing regional innovation center strengthen cooperation among industry-university-research center.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06b
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• pp.27-41
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• 2008

Construction of metro transportation infra is a large-scale project requiring tremendous financial resources. This study suggests operation method to use for rapid transit line existing infra such as Gyeongbu line and spare line capacity following second phase KTX construction. Reviewing various constraints of metro rapid transit operation, we found that the conditions for metro rapid transit operation are already satisfied in Daegu area, just like the case of Gyeongbu line in Seoul Metro area. Also, the evaluation of the economic feasibility of metro rapid transit operation in Daegu area shows that B/C is about 2.4, which implies that there is sufficient economic feasibility. According to the result of sensitivity analysis, the project is economically feasible unless the passenger demand decreases 15% and construction costs increases more than 70%. B/C is evaluated large because the utilization of already exiting infra lowers the initial cost. As one of mass transportation system of large capacity, metro rapid transit can generate significant spillover effect: It will strengthen competitiveness of metro area by connecting cities within the area and by extending one-day life zone of the area, to say nothing of the benefit of improving traffic condition. The construction of metro rapid transit network is necessary for the mass transportation system of Yeongnam area as well as Daegu area, and it may work as a starting point for uniting Daegu and Gyeongbuk and strengthening regional competitiveness.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.48-57
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to review and verify whether the functions and effect of roadside trees generally hewn in theory are actually realized in urban roads and how well they are performed if the function and effect are realized. The study was conducted with a focus on 3 functions and effects including roadside tree's urban landscape improvement function (green area visibility ratio), effect of introducing green area within a city, and urban green network building function. The major study results are as follows: First, the average green area visibility ratio of 41 study areas is currently about 25.90%. The green area visibility ratio of commercial area within downtown was lowest among 5 road types. It showed that it is possible to raise the average green area visibility ratio up to 32.49% through roadside tree management and additional plantation. Second, in a section between Paldal Mountain and Suwon City Hall where there is no forest fragments and parks at all, a green area of 4,826 roadside trees represented 2.4% of total area and served as the only linear green area. Third, an analysis of 15 cities in Kyonggi province showed that urban forests are concentrated in outskirts. The suey showed that because forest fragments and parks exist in a form of points in urban areas, roadside trees are the only green areas that link each other and build a network.