• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.3223-3227
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• 2015

Objective: We evaluated the association of body mass index (BMI) with perioperative outcomes in patients who underwent laparoscopic or open radical nephroureterectomy. Materials and Methods: This retrospective single-center study included 113 patients who had been diagnosed with upper urinary tract cancer from January 1998 to June 2013 and were treated with laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (Lap group, n=60) or open nephroureterectomy (Open group, n=53). Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy was performed via a retroperitoneal approach following an open partial cystectomy. The two surgical groups were stratified into a normal-BMI group (<25) and a high-BMI group ($BMI{\geq}25$). The high-BMI group included 27 patients: 13 in the Lap group and 14 in the Open group. Results: Estimated blood loss (EBL) in the Lap group was much lower than that in the Open group irrespective of BMI (p<0.01). Operative time was significantly prolonged in normal-BMI patients in the Lap group compared to those in the Open group (p=0.03), but there was no difference in operative time between the Open and Lap groups among the high-BMI patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the data for all the cohorts revealed that the open procedure was a significant risk factor for high EBL (p<0.0001, hazard ratio 8.02). Normal BMI was an independent predictor for low EBL (p=0.01, hazard ratio 0.25). There was no significant risk factor for operative time in multivariate analysis. There were no differences in blood transfusion rates or adverse event rates between the two surgical groups. Conclusions: Laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy via a retroperitoneal approach can be safely performed with significantly reduced EBL even in obese patients with upper urinary tract cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.5907-5912
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• 2015

Purpose: To evaluate and update evidence for prognostic effects of kidney-sparing (KS) management and nephroureterectomy (NU) for upper tract urothelial carcinomas. Materials and Methods: Pubmed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were retrieved for the identification of comparative studies of kidney-sparing procedure and nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma prior to December 2014. The data were extracted independently by 2 reviewers and the quality of the included studies was assessed. Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 13 were used to perform the meta-analysis. Results: Twenty-three observational studies including 1,587 KS and 3,996 NU were evaluated. The results of the meta-analysis showed that nephroureterectomy had no significant benefit with regard to intravesical recurrence (IRFS), metastasis (MFS), cancer specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) except the total tumor recurrence (RFS) when compared with kidney sparing management. The respectively pooled outcomes were HR 1.36 (0.69-2.68, P=0.38) for IRFS, 1.09 (0.59-2.01, P=0.78) for MFS, 1.17 (0.77-1.79, P=0.47) for CSS, 1.50 (0.90-2.48, P=0.12) for OS and 1.61 (1.03-2.51, P=0.04) for RFS. Conclusions: On the whole, kidney-sparing management had equivalent prognostic effect on upper tract urothelial carcinoma as the standard nephroureterectomy except in tumor recurrence. However, the results should be interpreted with caution for lack of stage and grade stratification and multi-center randomized controlled trials are still needed to verify our results.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.224-226
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• 2008

A 13-year-old, spayed female, Yorkshire terrier was presented with a history of vomiting and diarrhea. Radiographic and ultrasonographic studies suggested rupture of right renal cyst. Left kidney had increased cortical echogenecity with indistinct corticomedullary junction on sonogram. Unilateral nephroureterectomy of right kidney was performed. Histopathologic examination of the resected renal mass confirmed a renal cystadenocarcinoma. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first case report of renal cystadenocarcinoma in a small breed dog in Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.204-207
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• 2020

A 12-year-old dog was evaluated for depression and anorexia. The results of complete blood count and serum biochemistry were normal. Survey radiographs revealed markedly enlarged right kidney and abdominal ultrasound showed a renomegaly and hydronephrosis filled with mixed echogenic fluid. Primary renal tumor was suspected in this dog. Nephroureterectomy of the right kidney was performed, and no regional metastases have been identified. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) arising from renal pelvis accompanied hydronephrosis of the right kidney was diagnosed on histology. TCC usually affects trigone of the bladder, and renal origin of TCC is a very rare finding in dogs. This is the first case report to present the clinical features, diagnostic imaging findings and histopathological characteristics of a dog with TCC originating from the renal pelvis in Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.122-125
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• 2008

A 7-year-old, female Shih-tzu dog with clinical signs of hematuria, oliguria, stranguria was brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Chonnam National University. Ultrasonography revealed the left hydroureter, hydronephrosis and urinary bladder mass ($12.1\;{\times}\;22.0\;mm$). The dog was finally diagnosed as the secondary unilateral obstructive uropathy by urinary bladder mass. The treatment such as unilateral nephroureterectomy and chemotherapy using piroxicam were performed to the dog. After 8 months of treatment, the polyp was not detected by ultrasonography. We concluded that urinary bladder mass was cured completely.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.261-263
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• 2015

A 10-year-old spayed female Yorkshire Terrier visited for a physical checkup. The bitch had a history of ovariohysterectomy for treatment of pyometra a year ago. On physical examination, the dog was bright and alert. Complete blood counts, serum biochemistry and blood gas analysis results did not show any deviations within normal ranges. Radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations revealed unilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter of the right kidney and ureter, and obstruction of the distal ureter was observed. On the basis of these results, nephroureterectomy was performed. During the operation, the adhesion of the distal ureter and surrounding tissue cells were observed without the evidence of the ureteral ligation. The distal ureteral obstruction was presumed to be adhesion caused by fibrous tissue formation between ureter and retained broad ligament, or incompletely removed blood clots following ovariohysterectomy. This case report describes the occurrence of hydroureteronephrosis caused by adhesion of the distal ureter following ovariohysterectomy in a bitch.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1131-1132
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• 2013

Background: Upper tract transitional cell carcinomas (UTCC) are relatively uncommon but prognosis is generally worse than TCC of bladder. Methods: Between March 2004 and June 2012, patients with initial non-metastatic UTCC were assessed in the Medical Oncology and Urology Departments of Ataturk Training and Research Hospital. Results: A total of 11 patients with initially non-metastatic UTCC were detected in the 8 year period, all males. Median age of was 62 (range, 38-74). Six lesions were located in the renal pelvis and 5 in the ureter. Nephroureterectomy was performed in 9 patients, and distal ureterectomy and cuff excision of the bladder in the remaining 2. The majority (n= 9) had high grade tumors. Median primary tumor diameter was 3.5 cm (range, 0.7-10). Five patients (45.5%) were stage I, 2 (18.2%) were stage II, and 4 (36.4%) were stage III. While adjuvant chemotherapy was not applied for stage I and II disease (n= 7), 4 to 6 courses were applied for 3 of the stage III patients. Also one stage III case received adjuvant radiotherapy. Up to 100 months follow-up, median overall survival was 13 months (range, 5-100 months). While stage I and II patients are following-up without muscle-invasive progression, 2 of stage III patients demonstrated progression. Conclusion: We need more collaborative studies to determine management of especially pT3-pT4 patients with UTCC.

• The Korean Journal of Urological Oncology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2018

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) has a relatively low prevalence rate of about 1.8 per 100,000 people. According to the recent literature, the development of diagnostic techniques has gradually increased the prevalence and diagnosis rate. In the past, when UTUC was diagnosed, more than 60% of the patients were diagnosed as locally advanced or metastatic cancer. However, since 2010, approximately 70% of the patients have been diagnosed as operable stage. Although radical nephroureterectomy is known as the basis of treatment for UTUC, overall survival is poor in patients with lymph node invasion. Especially, the finding that a localized UTUC is associated with a high risk of cancer metastasis in approximately 50% of patients suggests that these patients may not have sufficient treatment through surgery alone. The European Association of Urology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline 2017 suggested that postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy may be considered in patients with advanced UTUC beyond pT2. Also, recent meta-analyses have reported that cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy can be expected to have a synergistic effect of overall survival and disease-free survival. However, many patients with UTUC undergo postoperative renal failure, which may result in failure to perform cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy with adequate dose. For this reason, several researchers have suggested that it is beneficial to apply neoadjuvant chemotherapy when the preoperative renal function is maintained to a certain extent. But, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has not been used by many clinicians because of the lack of studies and the rarity of the disease. We are currently discussing the outcomes and prospects of perioperative chemotherapy.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.148-152
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• 2005

An intact female, 5-year-old, Pekingese, weighing 3.5kg with a history of a palpated abdominal mass was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University. In laboratory examination, there were no remarkable abnormalities. Radiographic findings included a left mid-abdominal mass with ill-defined margin, serosal detail loss of peritoneal space, non-uniform opacity of retroperitoneal space, and a radiopaque cystic calculus. On abdominal ultrasonography, a heterogeneous parenchymal mass with irregular contour in the left renal region was found. Computed tomographic findings showed a tumor embolus within the caudal vena cava and an invasion into mesentery, small bowel loops, spleen and pancreas around the large left renal mass. Unilateral nephroureterectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination of the resected mass confirmed the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. The dog died one day after surgery. Although ultrasonography could give diagnostic information about mass characteristics, computed tomography (CT) can provide key imaging features of mass characteristics.