• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.216-223
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to discover attitudes toward organ donation in brain dead donors and nursing ethical values of staff nurses. Method: The subjects were 196 nurses with direct patient care in a university hospital. Data collection was carried out for one month in September, 2008 using structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean and standards deviation, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation with SPSS program. Result: The mean score of a positive attitude toward organ donation in brain dead donors was 3.59 points, and a negative attitude score was 3.02 points. The mean score of nursing ethical value was 3.05 points. The age and the length of career had a reverse correlation with a negative attitude toward organ donation. Nursing ethical values had a positive correlation with a negative attitude toward organ donation. Conclusion: It is necessary to increase understanding and recognition of brain death organs donation in the nurses who participate in direct patient care so as to help facilitate organ donation.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.69-81
• /
• 2016

In this study investigated the effect of emotional labor, emotional exhaustion, and depression on the job-related attitudes. Sample subjects used in this study were salespeople of a fashion shop in Jeollabukdo and Jeollanamdo. Questionnaire data from 160 fashion shop salespeople were analyzed through a reliability analysis, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study were as follows. First, emotional labor of salespeople was divided into 2 factors, surface acting and deep acting. Second, emotional labor had a significant influence on the emotional exhaustion and depression. Third, the surface acting of emotional labor had a positive influence on the emotional exhaustion and depression; whereas, the deep acting of emotional labor had a negative influence on the emotional exhaustion and depression. Fourth, the surface acting of emotional labor, emotional exhaustion, and depression had a negative influence on job involvement; in addition, the deep acting of emotional labor had a positive influence on job involvement. Fifth, the surface acting of emotional labor, emotional exhaustion, and depression had a positive influence on turnover intention; in addition, the deep acting of emotional labor had a negative influence on turnover intention.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2003

Regarding leisure and work as very important in residential life of old ages, this study analyzed their preference by leisure and work for senior congregate housing, which can provide proper work and leisure activities for older people who are able to manage their social activities with healthy condition. It conducted a survey of middle aged of the 50's who would face problems of senior housing in 2010, with stratified sampling by region, sex and housing structure type. Totally 556 Questionnaires were used for the final analysis. The research results showed that, first, the group which was positive toward their works mostly had spouse of the age of early 50' s and work for professional, technological, managerial positions with good health. Second, the more positive group towards their work showed high willingness to move in senior congregate housing, than a negative group towards their work, and put a weight on the openness of shared space and facilities as well as various alarming equipments, common space, common programs and the ability of managers. Third, according to the attitudes toward leisure activities, there were differences in each group by housing structure type, education of their own or their spouses, monthly income, property, economic ability, health condition, living together with spouse, housing tenureship, and usable area of houses. The fourth was that those who enjoy active leisure activities presented high willingness to move in senior congregate housing than those of negative attitude and also there was a difference in managerial ways. Throughout the results of the study, it appeared that a group of positive attitude toward work and leisure, than that of negative attitude, recognized the importance of senior congregate housing which social and leisure programs could support. It implied necessary to develop housing for the older people who have enough ability to manage their leisure activity as well as their work. The study is likely to have a contribution to suggest practical data for helping the development of housing for self-reliant seniors by analyzing their preference on senior congregate housing by their attitudes toward work. The research for the factors of various designs and managements by leisure and work may become the following research theme of the study.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2018

As the fourth industrial revolution has progressed globally, computing education is progressing centered on robots. However, pre-service teachers' attitudes toward robots were negative in previous studies. In order to solve this problem, this study analyzed the difference in the attitude of the pre-service teachers to the robot according to the factors. The subjects of this study were 309 pre-service teachers attending K university. In order to measure the attitude of the pre-service teacher to the robot, the negative attitude measure for the robot was used. And, in order to measure the attitude of the pre-service teachers to the robots, negative attitude measurement scale was used. As a result, pre-service teachers showed different attitudes toward robots according to gender, experience of robot manipulation, and experiences of robot-related lectures. Especially, when the gender was male than female, and the experience of robot manipulation and the experiences of robot-related lectures, the attitude of pre-service teachers to robot was positive.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.357-367
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The aim of the study was to verify the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the General Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence Scale (GAAIS-K) for nursing students. Methods: Data from 235 participants were collected from April 12 to April 26, 2022. A total of 230 participants' data were analyzed. The data were analyzed for content, discriminant, known-groups, and construct validity using content validity index, correlation coefficient, and confirmatory factor analyses. The reliability of the GAAIS-K was examined using internal consistency and test-retest analyses. Results: The expert-rated content validity index was ≥.80. The sub-scales of the GAAIS-K were moderately correlated with attitude toward accepting technology, indicative of its discriminant validity. The male students' positive attitude score was significantly higher than that of the female students, satisfying the known-groups validity. Cronbach's α for the scale was .86 (positive) and .74 (negative), and the intra-class correlation coefficient for the two-week test-retest reliability was .86 (positive) and .60 (negative). The scores for positive and negative attitudes were 3.68±0.46 and 3.05±0.55. Conclusion: This study shows that the GAAIS-K is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing nursing students. Additional research is recommended to continue the evaluation of the GAAIS-K with a focus on healthcare settings.

• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.131-159
• /
• 2014

Corporate rebranding has been evident in the qualitative corporate rebranding studies as an imposed organizational change that induces mixed reactions and ambivalent attitudes among consumers. Corporate rebranding for the established and familiar corporate brands leads to more ambivalent attitudes as these companies represent larger targets for disparaging information. Consumers are found to hold both positive and negative reactions toward companies and brands that they are familiar with. Nevertheless, the imposed change assumption and ambivalent attitude, in particular corporate rebranding, have never been widely explored in the quantitative corporate rebranding studies. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive empirical examination of the ambivalence towards rebrandingrebranded brand attitude-purchase intention relationships. The author proposes that corporate rebranding for familiar corporate brands is a double-edged sword that not only raises the expectation for better performance, but also induces conflicted and ambivalent attitudes among consumers. These consumers' ambivalent attitudes are influenced by both the parent brands-related and general attitude factors which further affect their rebranded brand attitude and purchase intention. A total of 156 useable questionnaires were collected from Malaysian working adults; and two established Malaysian airfreight operators were utilized as the focal parent brands. The study found a significant impact of prior parent brand attitudes on ambivalence towards rebranding (ATR). The parent brand attitudes served as anchors in influencing how new information was processed (Mazaheri et al., 2011; Sherif & Hovland, 1961) and closely related to behavioral intention (Prislin & Quellete, 1996). The ambivalent attitudes experienced were higher when individuals held both positive and negative reactions toward the parent brands. Consumers also held higher ambivalent attitudes when they preferred one of the parent brands; while disliked the other brand. The study also found significant relationships between the lead brand and the rebranded brand attitude; and between the partner brands and ATR. The familiar but controversial partner brand contributed significantly to the ambivalent attitudes experienced; while the more established lead brand had significant impact on the rebranded brand attitude. The lead and partner brands, though both familiar, represented different meanings to consumers. The author attributed these results to the prior parent brand attitudes, the skepticism and their general ambivalence toward the corporate rebranding. Both general attitude factors (i.e. skepticism and general ambivalence towards rebranding) were found to have significant positive impacts on ATR. Skeptical individuals questioned the possibility of a successful rebranding (Chang, 2011) and were more careful with their evaluations toward 'too god to be true' or 'made in heaven' pair of companies. The embedded general ambivalent attitudes that people held toward rebranding could be triggered from the associative network by the ambiguous situation (Prislin & Quellete, 1996). In addition, the ambivalent rebranded brand attitude was found to lower down purchase intention, supporting Hanze (2001), Lavine (2001) and van Harreveld et al. (2009)'s studies. Ambivalent individuals were found to prefer delay decision making by choosing around the mid-ranged points in 'willingness to buy' scale. The study provides several marketing implications. Ambivalence management is proven to be important to corporate rebranding to minimize the ambivalent attitudes experienced. This could be done by carefully controlling the parent brands-related and general attitude factors. The high ambivalent individuals are less confident with their own conflicted attitudes and are motivated to get rid of the psychological discomfort caused by these conflicted attitudes (Bell & Esses, 2002; Lau-Gesk, 2005; van Harreveld et al., 2009). They tend to process information more deeply (Jonas et al., 1997; Maio et al., 2000; Wood et al., 1985) and pay more attention to message that provides convincible arguments. Providing strong, favorable and convincible message is hence effective in alleviating consumers' ambivalent attitudes. In addition, brand name heuristic could be utilized because the rebranding strategy sends important signal to consumers about the changes that happen or going to happen. The ambivalent individuals will pay attention to both brand name heuristic and rebranding message in their effort to alleviate the psychological discomfort caused by ambivalent attitudes. The findings also provide insights to Malaysian and airline operators for a better planning and implementation of corporate rebranding exercise.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.126-130
• /
• 2007

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic problem. The downward trend of an obesity onset age calls for research efforts on how to develop useful nutrition educational programs for children to maintain adequate body weight. Understanding the roles of objective and subjective body status in obesity-related attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors can provide important information. The current study aimed to examine obesity-related attitudes and knowledge and practices of eating behavior guidelines in relation to obesity and body shape satisfaction among children. The gender effect in the relations was also investigated. A self-administered survey was conducted with 260 fifth grade children at 2 public elementary schools in the suburbs of Seoul. Information on demographics, body size, body satisfaction, obesity-related attitudes and knowledge, and eating behaviors was collected. Study findings from one-way analysis of variance tests indicated no differences in mean scores of the attitudes, knowledge, and eating behaviors across the levels of obesity for both gender. The levels of body shape satisfaction was, however, found to be significantly related with the attitudes and eating behaviors in girls, while no such relation was seen in boys. Girls with lower body shape dissatisfaction had significantly more negative attitudes toward obesity which was not translated into practice of healthy eating behaviors. That is, contrary to general expectation, the level of practicing the eating behavior guidelines was significantly lower in those girls. While underlying reasons for this observation is not fully answered, gender-specific, body satisfaction-stratified, and behavior-focused approach in designing obesity prevention programs for elementary school girls is suggested efficient and useful.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.218-227
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study examined the influence of the consumption values on the attitudes and purchase intentions of consumers towards gluten-free products and compared consumption values, attitudes and purchase intentions according to the degree of health consciousness of the consumer. Methods: The data was collected from July 20, 2016 to August 2, 2016 through a questionnaire survey from three hundred and six consumers who had knowledge of gluten-free products. The data was analyzed by factor analysis, reliability analysis, multiple regression analysis, and an independent sample t-test using the SPSS program. Results: The regression results showed that the exploratory value (p<0.01) had a negative influence on the attitudes, and the functional value (p<0.001) and emotional value (p<0.001) had a positive influence on the consumers' attitudes. In addition, the attitudes (p<0.001) toward gluten-free products had a positive influence on the purchase intentions. Finally, the high health consciousness group answered with a significantly higher score on the consumption values, attitudes and purchase intentions than the lower group. Conclusion: These results highlight the causal relationship among consumption values, attitudes, and purchase intentions of consumers towards gluten-free products, and can provide a basic understanding of gluten free products regarding both marketing strategy and consumers' needs. The potential implications for gluten-free products manufacturers, limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.155-162
• /
• 2023

This study analyzed the impact of negative information on co-branding, targeting co-branding consisting of a symbolic brand and a functional brand with similar brand assets. Through attribution theory, when consumers are exposed to negative information, they will infer the cause of the negative information. As a result, it was confirmed that when co-branding with a symmetrical symbolic brand and a functional brand, negative information has different effects on co-branding depending on the type. Negative information about the quality of co-branded products had a more negative impact on consumer attitudes than negative information about the iconic brand. It was confirmed that negative information about functional brands has a smaller impact than negative information about co-branding, but has a greater impact than negative information about symbolic brands. In addition, it was confirmed that negative information about the symbolic brand had a smaller negative impact on co-branding than negative information about the quality or functionality of the co-branded product.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.420-436
• /
• 1996

The goal of this study is to explore different risk factors for smoking and look at the relationships between knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions regarding smoking among schoolchildren, in order to reduce teenage smoking. To achieve this goal a self-administered questionaire regarding smoking was provided to schoolchildren in the 7th and 8th grades in one junior high school in Jerusalem. The schoolchildren were exposed to 10-12 hours of a smoking prevention intervention program. The questionaire focused primarily on the personal characteristics, social environment, knowledge, attitudes, practices, and behavioral intentions of the children. Crosstabs were performed on each variable to determine if significant associations exist among the different variables. The statistical computer, package, SPSS PC, was used to manipulate the data along with Chi-square test. The findings were as follows : About 11% of the children aged 12-14 have ever smoked or are smoking currently, and about 24.0% of those who ever smoked started smoking at the age of 10. Boys smoke more(p<.01), poorer students(by self-perception of school performance) smoke more, and those who had peers who were smokers were more likely to smoke(p<.05). The percentage of the children who reported that either father or mother smoked was about 30%, but no statistical association was found between parental smoking and children's smoking, although trends were noted in the expected direction, i.e. more smokers among children of smokers. Only 1.1% of the children intended to smoke in the future, and 98.0% of the children indicated that they can or they might be able to withstand social pressure. Seventy percent of the children demonstrated medium to high knowledge about smoking, Males, 8th graders, better students, and those without friends who smoke had higher social pressure showed more negative attitudes(p<.01). Those with non-smoking siblings showed more negative behavioral intentions regarding smoking(p<.01), and better students showed more negative behavioral intentions. Those who had higher knowledge scores showed more negative attitudes towards smoking, but not significantly so. Those who had very negative behavioral intentions showed highly significant negative attitudes towards smoking(p<.01).