• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.801-811
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• 2019

Objective: To determine whether diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is effective in monitoring tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma. Materials and Methods: Twenty-nine osteosarcoma patients (20 men and 9 women; mean age, 17.6 ± 7.8 years) who had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and DKI before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included. Tumor volume, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), mean diffusivity (MD), mean kurtosis (MK), and change ratio (ΔX) between pre-and post-treatment were calculated. Based on histologic response, the patients were divided into those with good response (≥ 90% necrosis, n = 12) and those with poor response (< 90% necrosis, n = 17). Several MRI parameters between the groups were compared using Student's t test. The correlation between image indexes and tumor necrosis was determined using Pearson's correlation, and diagnostic performance was compared using receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: In good responders, MD_post, ADC_post, and MK_post values were significantly higher than in poor responders (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.042, respectively). The ΔMD and ΔADC were also significantly higher in good responders than in poor responders (p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively). However, no significant difference was observed in ΔMK (p = 0.092). MD_post and ΔMD showed high correlations with tumor necrosis rate (r = 0.669 and r = 0.622, respectively), and MD_post had higher diagnostic performance than ADC_post (p = 0.037) and MK_post (p = 0.011). Similarly, ΔMD also showed higher diagnostic performance than ΔADC (p = 0.033) and ΔMK (p = 0.037). Conclusion: MD is a promising biomarker for monitoring tumor response to preoperative chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2001

목적: 방사성 등위원소인 Holmium-166을 가토 간 실질 내에 경피적 주입한 후 나타나는 변화에 대한 조직학적 소견과 MR영상 소견을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 12예의 가토의 간 실질 내에 Holmium-166 방사성 등위원소 10∼25 mCi를 초음파 유도하에 경피적 주입 후, MR 영상을 시행하기 전에 사망하지 않은 8예의 가토 중 4예는 급성기 (1-2주)에, 나머지 4예는 아급성기 (3-4주)에 MR 영상을 시행한 후 희생시켜, 조직표본을 얻었으며 , MR 영상을 시행하기 전에 사망한 4예 중 1예는 급성기에, 3예는 아급성기에 조직표본만을 검사하였다. 결과 괴사부위는 중심부의 액화괴사와 주변부의 응괴 괴사(coagulative necrosis). 과립성 입자의 침착, 출혈 등의 변화를 보였으며, 테두리에는 육아조직의 형성과 섬유화가 관찰되었는데, 섬유화는 급성기보다 아급성기에서 현저하였다. Holmium-166 주입양과 간 실질의 괴사 면적과는 비례하는 경향을 보였다. MR영상에서 괴사의 중앙부는 T1 강조영상에서는 저신호, T2 강조영상에서는 고신호를 나타냈으며, 조영후 역동적 영상에서는 조영증강이 되지 않았다 주변부는 T1 강조영상에서는 동등 신호 또는 약간 저신호, T2 강조영상에서는 저신호를 보였으며, 조명후 역동적 영상에서는 지 연기에서 약한 조영 증강이 말초부에서 관찰되었다. 테두리는 T1 강조영상에서는 저신호, T2 강조영상에서는 저신호, 조명후 역동적 영상에서는 초기에 약간 조영 증강하고, 후기에는 좀더 조영증강이 강해지는 소견을 보였다. 결론: 정상 간조직에 경피적으로 Holmium-166을 주입하였을 때, 조직학적으로 중앙부는 액화괴사, 주변부는 응고괴사, 테두리에는 육아 조직, 섬유화, 출혈과 과립성 입자의 침착이 관찰되었으며, MR 영상은 조직변화를 평가하는 데 유용할 것으로 생각한다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.243-250
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• 1996

실험용 쥐를 이용하여 항암 약제인 mitomycin-c를 피하 주사하여 인위적으로 혈관외 유출을 시켜 조직 괴사를 유발하였다. 조직 괴사를 예방하기 위하여 치료 시작시간에 따른 dimethyl sulfoxide의 국소 도포와 sodium thiosulfate의 진피내 주사의 치료 효과를 비교하고 조직학적 검사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Mitomycin-C가 혈관외로 유출될 경우 dimethyl sulfoxide를 6시간 이내에 국소 도포하면 괴사를 예방할 수 있었고, 24시간 이내에 치료를 시작해도 괴사 면적에 유의한 감소를 가져올 수 있었다(p<0.01). 2. Sodium thiosulfate 진피내 주사를 할 경우에는 12시간 이내에는 괴사를 예방할 수 있었으나 24시간이 경과한 후에는 치료 효과가 없었다(p<0.01). 3. MMC에 의한 괴사는 비균성 응고성 괴사였으며, 염증 반응이나 육아 조직은 나타나지 않았으며, 국소 도포와 진피내 주사 방법에 따른 조직학적 변화를 제외한 차이는 없었다. 4. MMC의 혈관외 유출로 피부병변을 최소화 시킬 수 있는 방법은 DMSO와 STS의 즉시 병합치료가 좋은 효과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 추측된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.361-363
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• 1996

The terminal regions of the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome segments of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) DRT strain were sequenced. The dsRNAs, which were $^{32}P$-labelled at their 3'-termini by incubation with [$^{32}P$]pCp and T4 RNA ligase, were separated by 5$%$ polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the segments A and B of IPNV-DRT were sequenced by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The 5'-terminal sequences of the IPNV-DRT plus strand from two genome segments were found to have the same conserved nucleotide (5'-CGG(C/A)A-), but the 3'-terminal sequences -CCCCAGGCG-3' and -CGGACCCCG-3' were found in the plus strand from segments A and B, respectively. The inverted oligonucleotide sequences of 3'-terminal of between segments A and B were found and they differ from those of other IPNVs.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제3권1_2호
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• pp.21-31
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• 1988

The effect of capsaicin on the toxicity of ethanol in mice were studied. Capsaicin was administered i.p. every other day for 4 weeks and 5% ethanol was provided ad libitum by tap water for 4 weeks. The administration of capsaicin 3.0 mg/kg showed the increase of body weight gain, ratio of liver wt./body wt., s-GPT. s-triglyceride and s-cholesterol, and showed the decrease of BUN as compared to control group. Capsaicin administered 3.0 mg/kg showed severe moth eaten appearance. eosinophilic necrosis and cholangitis in mouse liver The administration of 5% ethanol showed the decrease of body weight gain, ratios of liver, kidney and spleen wt./body wt., s-tryglyceride and s-cholestrol. Ethanol administered 5% solution showed little fatty change, moth eaten appearance, Kupffer cell proliferation, spotty necrosis and nuclear regeneration. The administration of capsaicin and ethanol together decreased the influence of ethanol on body weight gain, ratios of liver, kidney and spleen wt./body wt., s-triglyceride and s-cholesterol, and showed the less severe moth eaten appearance, eosinophilic necrosis and cholangitis. It might be concluded that the administration of capsaicin and ethanol together decreased the toxicity caused by capsaicin or ethanol respectively.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2013

The outbreak of haemorrhagic speticemia and dermal lesions in cultured Rock sea breem in Jeju Island are frequently associated with keratitis. Prolonged infection leads to the symptoms accompanied by necrosis of fin and skin and the fishes died. Present study aims to study the histopathological changes of diseased fish muscle tissue. The tissue at the initial stage of infection showed normal muscular texture, however in the late stages of infection, muscular lesion had been expanded and hence, necrosis had progressed deeply into muscle tissue. Mild tissue in caudal fin was found with more necrosis, and gill tissues were also collapsed. In Kidney, renal tubules were teared along with tissue destruction (Espada, J et al, 1993). Hence in the present study, we examined the histopathological variation of the infection fishes, and this basic data would be used for future research of in haemorrhagic specticemia and dermal diseases.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.303-312
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• 2015

Receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3, or RIPK3) is an essential protein in the "programmed", or "regulated" necrosis cell death pathway that is activated in response to death receptor ligands and other types of cellular stress. Programmed necrotic cell death is distinguished from its apoptotic counterpart in that it is not characterized by the activation of caspases; unlike apoptosis, programmed necrosis results in plasma membrane rupture, thus spilling the contents of the cell and triggering the activation of the immune system and inflammation. Here we discuss findings, including our own recent data, which show that RIP3 protein expression is absent in many cancer cell lines. The recent data suggests that the lack of RIP3 expression in a majority of these deficient cell lines is due to methylation-dependent silencing, which limits the responses of these cells to pro-necrotic stimuli. Importantly, RIP3 expression may be restored in many cancer cells through the use of hypomethylating agents, such as decitabine. The potential implications of loss of RIP3 expression in cancer are explored, along with possible consequences for chemotherapeutic response. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(6): 303-312]

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.261-269
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• 1998

Concomitant administration of a single acute dose of ethanol (4 g/kg) protected mice from the hepatocellular injury observed upon administration of a large dose of acetaminophen (400 mg/kg). This was evidenced by the normal histological appearances of liver sections and by the lowered serum aminotransferase activities in mice treated with ethanol and acetaminophen together. In the mice treated with acetaminophen alone, along with the hepatic necrosis, the hepatic microsomal aminopyrine N-demethylase activity was decreased. However, co-administration of ethanol prevented this acetaminophen dependent inhibition on the microsomal mixed function oxidase activity. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that the concentration of un-metabolized drug in the blood was increased in the ethanol treated mice. Furthermore, upon co-administration of ethanol, although the biliary levels of acetaminophen metabolites (glucuronide, sulfate and cysteine conjugates) were decreased, the level of unmetabolized acetaminophen was increased. Our findings suggest that co-administration of an acute dose of ethanol reduces the degree of hepatocellular necrosis produced by a large dose of acetaminophen and this ethanol dependent protection is, in major part, afforded by suppression of the hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase activity catalyzing the metabolic activation of acetaminophen.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.140.1-140
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• 2003

An Isometric virus was isolated from Paprika (Capsicum annuum var. glossum) showing necrosis spot and malformation on the fruit and the leaves, respectively, at yecheon in Korea. The virus could infect locally on Chenopodium amaranticolr, C. quinoa, Petunia x hybrida and Nicotiana glutinosa, but could not infect on Gomphrena globosa and Physalis floridana. The virus could infect systemically on red pepper and Lycopersicon esculentum. Datura stramonium, N. cleuarandii, N. rustim and N. tabacum cvs. were produced necrosis or necrotic ring spot lesions on the inoculated leaves and mosaic, vein necrosis or lethal death on the upper leaves. The virus was not related serologically to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). In RT-PCR assay, it could not detected with specific primers of CMV and BBWV-II. The virions contain one molecule of genomic RNA, Which was approximately 3.8Kb and the coat protein (CP) of the purified virion migrated as a single band with molecular wight of about 29KDa in SDS-PAGE.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2006

Vascular thrombosis and ischemic necrosis still remain the most significant threats to the survival of free flaps. To date, neutrophils have been implicated in the pathogenesis of postischemic injury. Several studies have demonstrated that modulating the neutrophil response to ischemia-reperfusion injury can decrease the extent of the injury. In addition, some authors noticed that mast cell counts were also increased in flaps exposed to state of ischemia/reperfusion. So, we designed to evaluate the role of mast cells in ischemia/reperfusion by blocking histamine and to compare the effect of L-arginine, a nitric oxide precursor which is known to prevent neutrophil-mediated tissue injury. Epigastric island skin flaps were elevated in 30 rats and rendered ischemic. Thirty minutes prior to reperfusion, the rats were treated with intraperitoneal saline, diphenhydramine, cimetidine, and L-arginine. The necrosis rate of flap at 7 days, the number of neutrophils and mast cells at 20 hours were evaluated. In conclusion, histamine receptor blockers as well as L-arginine significantly decreased flap necrosis in a rat skin island ischemia-reperfusion flap model, but the protective effect was not significantly different in both agent groups.