• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.724-735
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• 2000

The objectives of this study were to identify the dimensional structure of female impression formation based on silhouettes and necklines of wedding dresses, and to analyze the effect of silhouettes, necklines, and perceiver's gender on impression formation. The experimental design was 3$\times$6$\times$2 (silhouettes$\times$necklines$\times$gender) factorial design by 3 independent variables. Samples were 432 males and females. Four factors derived to account for the dimensions of impression formation. These were attractiveness, neatness, feminity, and prettiness. Dome silhouette had a positive effect on impression of attractiveness. Bell silhouette increased the impression of femininity and prettiness. Tubular silhouette had a negative effect on the impressions of attractiveness, femininity, and prettiness. Neckline had a significant effect on impression of attractiveness and negative on prettiness. Sweet-heart neckline has a positive effect on impression of attractiveness and negative on prettiness. Off-shoulder neckline increased the impression of prettiness. Round neckline decreased the impression of attractiveness. On the interaction effect according to the neckline and perceiver's gender, the men perceived high-necklines to be more feminine than did women, while the women perceived off-shoulder necklines to be more feminine than did men. There was interaction effect between silhouette and neckline on prettiness. In dome silhouette, heart-shape neckline was perceived to be prettier than the others, while in bell silhouette, off-shoulder neckline was perceived as prettier than the others.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.74-80
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• 2013

Three new Multi ${\times}$ Bi combinations M.Con.4 ${\times}$ (SK6 ${\times}$ SK7), M.Con.4 ${\times}$ NB4D2 and Nistari ${\times}$ (SK6 ${\times}$ SK7) were studied in five seasons i.e. during the period of $18^{th}$ June - $12^{th}$ July, $30^{th}$ August - $23^{rd}$ September, $3^{rd}$ November - $2^{nd}$ December, $29^{th}$ January- $2^{nd}$ March and $30^{th}$ March-$25^{th}$ April with one control Nistari ${\times}$ NB4D2 considering nine reeling characteristics along with shell percent and cocoon yield per 100 disease free layings (DFLs) to establish the seasonal effect on all the parameters. Results reveal that all the characters performed well in November-December. Highest yield per 100 DFLs was recorded during November-December in all combinations showing >60 kg yield. Higher correlation of yield/100 DFLs with filament length, non-breakable filament length, denier, raw silk percent, reelability percent and recovery percent was recorded in all combinations of Multi ${\times}$ Bi considered in this study. Variability observed among four combinations indicates the effect of different temperature and humidity of different seasons on expression of different traits. The results indicate that there is significant relationship of raw silk percent with reelability percent, recovery percent and evenness. Reelability percent showed higher correlation with recovery percent. It was observed that neatness was positively correlated with evenness. The overall performance of the newly evolved combinations with regard to productivity and reeling characteristics is discussed emphasizing their utilization at commercial level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.40
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• pp.51-65
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• 1998

In this study the features expressed by the Korean dresses and its ornaments have been examined through the objects of this thesis, the concept of the pair, under the basis of Korean myths, from which esthetic and spiritual values have been derived. At first, the beauty of the balance pursuing the neatness. Since the pair is made with two piecess, at the time of the placement, the sense of the balance is obtained by the arrangement acccording to the dichotomous principle such as up and down or left and right. Sometimes, the pair could yield the natural pictorial composition, but almost of the time symmetrical composition. This kind of composition is made symmetrical like the structure of the human body, and it is resulted in a neat beauty, which visually presents a harmony, stability and intimacy. At second, the beauty of the harmony in the spirit of the oneness. From the dualistic combination basing on Korean myths, the common features and the significance of the co-existence, obtained from the combination of the pair of the pieces, could be found. By the oneness of the both elements, the creation principle, which is the basic one for a new life, could be established, and the mystery of the creation and the sense of the harmony could be found in it. At third, the wholeness of the completeness concept. The completeness could be felt rather by two than by one, and is provided with a room to be filled with the other one. Consequently, the outer dress is completed with the under dress, and its own beauty could only be made out when the two elements are harmonized. So, it is called as the pair. Like this, the concept about the pair taken roots in the ground of Korean emotions, is basing on the creation principle of the dualistic elements formed from the tradition of Korean myths, and the fact that the mental meaning pursuing the harmony dwells in Korean dress and its ornaments could be confirmed.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2006

A breeding programme was initiated during 2001 to introduce sex-limited larval markings to a productive multivoltine breed - BL67 from an inbred sex-limited line, MY1 (SL) maintained at Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore. Introgressive hybridization, recurrent backcrossing for six generations followed by sib-mating resulted in synthesis of a new multivoltine silkworm breed BL67 (SL) with sex-limited larval markings. The new breed was studied for combining ability by crossing with eight bivoltine breeds viz., $NB_4D_2,\;CSR_2,\;CSR_2 (SL),\;CSR_2,\;CSR_4,\;CSR_8,\;CSR_{18}\;and\;CSR_{19}$. General combining ability effects of the new breed showed its superiority over the popular Pure Mysore by expressing significant GCA effects for six out of twelve characters whereas the results are on par with the original multivoltine breed. The hybrid $BL67(SL){\times}CSR2(SL)$ excelled in several quantitative characters such as pupation rate (90.2%), cocoon weight (1.97 g), cocoon shell weight (40 cg), cocoon shell ratio (20.3%), filament length (918 m), denier (2.96), raw silk percentage (14.96%) and neatness (90 p). Studies on cocoon size variability revealed that the cocoons of $BL67(SL){\times}CSR2(SL)$ were found comparatively uniform showing less standard deviation of 6.55 and co-efficient of variation of 3.91 %. The suitability of newly developed breed for easy grain age operation and commercial exploitation with promising hybrid have been discussed.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.147-151
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• 2005

Serious attempt for the improvement of quality parameters in silkworm hybrids came rather very late in India. Realising the need for productive breeds to the field and reorientation in breeding methodology, the silkworm breeders of CSRTI, Mysore were able to develop silkworm breeds with fine denier namely, JPN7, CSR48, B63 and B65 of specific industrial requirement through directional selection. As the success of silkworm breeds mainly depends on their combining ability, the developed breeds were subjected for hybrid evaluation. Out of 42 bivoltine hybrids studied, one hybrid, $CSR48{\times}CSR5$ was identified for its superiority over the existing bivoltine hybrids namely $CSR2{\times}CSR4,\;CSR2{\times}CSR5\;and\;CSR18{\times}CSR19$ for majority of qualitative traits. Post cocoon testing of large quantity of cocoons of $CSR48{\times}CSR5$ resulted in the production of high quality '3A'grade silk. It is for the first time in the Indian Sericulture industry that high quality silk with longer filament length of 1474 m, denier of 2.47, standard size deviation of 0.983 d, maximum size deviation of 1.322, neatness of 96 p, reelability of $85\%$, tenacity of 3.87 g/d, elongation of $22.32\%$ and cohesion of 110 strokes was produced. The superiority of fine denier silkworm breeds and their hybrids are discussed.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2003

In the present study, hybrid vigour in terms of heterosis and over dominance of newly evolved bivoltine hybrids and their reciprocals raised from the promising newly evolved bivoltine breeds were calculated for the important parameters like pupation, cocoon yield, cocoon weight, shell weight, shell ratio, raw silk percentage, filament length and neatness. Through there was no significant difference among the hybrids for the characters pupation, cocoon yield and cocoon weight, the magnitude of heterosis and over dominance were varied significantly for these characters. However, significant differences were observed between new hybrids and control hybrid for the characters like cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio, filament length and raw silk percentage. The results indicate that majority of new hybrids have shown higher heterosis and over dominance than control hybrid. The data also indicate that highest mean heterosis of all new hybrids was recorded for cocoon yield followed by filament length. Whereas highest mean over dominance was recorded for cocoon yield followed by cocoon weight. Negative mean heterosis and over dominance were recorded for the trait cocoon shell ratio. Based on the results, the importance of three hybrids viz., CSR2 ${\times}$ CSR4, CSR2 ${\times}$ CSR5 and CSR3 ${\times}$ CSR6 and their reciprocals (CSR4 ${\times}$ CSR2, CSR5 ${\times}$ CSR2 and CSR6 ${\times}$ CSR3) which exhibited significant heterosis and over dominance, for commercial exploitation was discussed.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.29-41
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• 2009

This study analyzed the differences of tableware and garnish decoration in color and material by conducting a content analysis of 1,357 pictures from food-styling magazines and a survey of 84 restaurants in Seoul. The data used for the study were collected from Cookand and Best Home Magazine and the survey results of the restaurants. Results of the study were as follows: First, both food coordinators and upscale restaurants preferred porcelain while low-priced restaurants tended to use plastic as materials. Second, the preferred color of tableware was white as it is believed to represent the image of neatness and purity. Therefore, food coordinators prepared food in magazines for food-styling and upscale restaurants using white porcelain tableware, and low-priced restaurants also did using white plastic tableware. Finally, the preferred color of garnish decoration was green. Most professional food coordinators tended to use red and green colors to emphasize the combination of complement colors, and some expensive restaurants used five garnish decoration colors.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.55-66
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to examine how image evaluation and preference of women's clothing color vary according to perceiver's culture, gender, and clothing color; to investigate the differences of image evaluation according to body type and the clothing color; and to disclose what image affects to the clothing color preference of Korean and American. Subjects were 388 Korean and 363 American college men and women. The American evaluated the wearer more elegant, feminine, and neater than the Korean did. Clothing color gave significant influence on perception of all image variables. Koreans showed that red and blue color shirts were perceived to be individualistic. Koreans considered blue, indigo, purple, gray, and black were perceived to be less feminine. This means that they evaluated the colors of blue range and low chroma were masculine according to their traditional attitude. Women were more attracted by indigo and purple, while men tended to evaluate yellow as an appealing color. The evaluation of sociability varied depending on the perceiver's culture and clothing colors. The corpulent body type had negative evaluation rather than the ordinary one without the relation with the color of clothing for Koreans and Americans. The evaluation of sociability of Americans had an interaction effect by the body type and clothing color. Attractiveness gave the first significant influences on clothing color preference, and the next came individual(-) and splendid image for Korean men. The individual image gave Korean men to be negative effect. Attractiveness, elegance, and sociable image gave significant influences on clothing color preference in Korean women. For American men, elegance gave the first significant influences on clothing color preference, and the next came sociability and neatness, while elegance was the first and the next came sociability and attractiveness for American women.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.35-50
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• 2007

We performed the subjective sensibility evaluation on knitted fabrics by the following procedures: setting acrylic fabrics used for S/S among fabrics as basis, five kinds of blended spun yarns and four kinds of twisted filament yarns made by different twisting methods then, we did questionnaire survey targeting sixty females in the expert groups. Utilizing SPSS 12.0, correlation, ANOVA, Duncan, and Multidimensional Standard way were analyzed. The results are as following. First, the result of evaluating on preferred knits followed by the analysis of the sense factor, in the 'drape sense', the acrylic/rayon blended knit was preferred as the most flexible, pliable, and elastic knit; in weight/bulk factor, the acrylic filament knit the most twisted was preferred as the least bulk, thin, cool and transparent knit; in 'surface depression sense' factor, A(F)W acrylic/wool blended knit was preferred as the most haggard, straight, dry knit. Second, the result of evaluating on preferred knits followed by the analysis of the sensibility factor, in the 'neatness' the acrylic filament hit was preferred as the most clean, neat and delightful knit; in the 'comfortableness', the acrylic/wool blended knit was preferred as the most natural, stable, and comfortable knit. Third, according to the result of evaluating on preferred knits as the spring and summer, generally the acrylic filament twisted yarn knits were more preferred than the acrylic blended yarns. However the preference on the kinds of the acrylic twisted filament yarn showed that there is a little difference on the acrylic blended yarn knit.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.163-171
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• 2008

This article aims to evaluate the visual effects and images according to the changes in the width of pleats of accordion pleats skirt. I altered the width of the pleats to seven categories in changes of 0.5cm, 0.7cm, l.0cm, 1.3cm, 2.0cm, 2.5cm and 3.0cm. For the visual evaluation, seven stimuli had been placed in mannequins, and had been estimated by experts in fashion design. For the visual evaluation according to changes in the width of pleats of according pleats skirt. I used 11 pairs of items to find their visual effects, and 17 pairs of adjectives to measure the visual images. Those stimuli and adjectives had been randomly given to evaluators and had been evaluated by the seven-point Likert type scale. The data have been analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, ANOVA, Scheffes test and correlation analysis. According to factor analysis of the visual effects of the accordion pleats skirt, the result was classified into three factors: the verticality of the lower body, flexuosity of the lower body, and shape of the abdomen. According to factor analysis of the visual image of the accordion pleats skirt, the result was classified into the following three factors: activity, attraction and neatness. In visual effects, the verticality of the lower body had been assessed as the most important factor of all. The visual effect was positive when the width of pleats had been narrowed. In visual image, activity had been assessed as the most important factor. In the case of accordion pleats skirt, as the width of pleats became wider, it had a stronger image in being active and casual.