• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.581-588
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• 2007

The purposes of this study are to look into the formative characteristics of the miniskirt and to evaluate the visual effects and images according to changes in the silhouette and length of the miniskirt from analyzing the mini skirt style shown in 2007 S/S domestic fashion. The miniskirt style shown in 2007 S/S domestic fashion was analyzed with pictures from a fashion website "Interfashion Planning" from Feb. to May of 2007. As a result, the basic lines of the miniskirt are classified into two types according to the side line. The lengths of miniskirts are classified into five steps of 25 cm, 27.5 cm, 30 cm, 32.5 cm, and 35 cm from the natural waistline. The stimuli were produced with imaginative sewing system 3D CAD of i-design series. For the visual evaluation according to changes in the silhouettes and length of the miniskirt, we used 13 pairs of items to find the visual effects, and 23 pairs of adjectives to measure the visual images. The stimuli and adjectives were randomly given to the evaluators and were evaluated by the 7-point likert type scale. Data we got from this experiment was analyzed statistically by using the SPSS 12.0 and practiced the Factor Analysis and Correlation Analysis. Formative characteristics of miniskirts can be found in the lines, colors, and materials that are the elements of fashion designs, colors and materials are the characteristics of the cloth that is the medium of the expression of designs. The result of factor analysis of visual effects and visual images according to changes in the silhouettes and lengths of miniskirts, the visual effect was composed of the three factors of the length of the lower body, the thickness of the lower body, and the shape abdomen and it was showed that these three factors occupied 63.6% of the total variance. The visual image was composed of four factors of elegance, personality, attraction, maturity and these four factors got 67.6% of the total variance.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.144-151
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the emotion effects on academic achievement for university students. The results are as follows. Resulting on the each emotions difference by the statistical variables, anxiety scores by gender showed a significant difference in the p<.01 level(F=7.685). The males anxiety(2.478, standard deviation: 0.180) had significantly lower scores than females(3.076, standard deviation: 0.168). But fear, anger, activity, and sociability scores were not significantly different respectively between male and female students. To see the emotions effect of academic achievement, the analysis method of the linear regression line was used. As the result, anxiety, fear, anger, activity, and sociability did not significantly influence academic achievement. And so unlike previous methods, the analysis method of the quadratic regression curve was used. As the result, anxiety, fear, anger, activity, and sociability showed did significantly influence academic achievement respectively within 5% of statistical significance level, to more than F=3.06. Therefore, the values on academic achievement of the each anxiety, fear, anger, activity, and sociability showed a quadratic regression curve. That is, [Academic achievement]=$-0.9685{\times}[Anxiety]^2+5.1342{\times}[Anxiety]+8.2679$,[Academic achievement]=$-1.0638{\times}[Fear]^2+5.5694{\times}[Fear]+7.5635$,[Academic achievement]=$-1.3497{\times}[Anger]^2+9.1284{\times}[Anger]+0.6720$,[Academic achievement]=$-1.0589{\times}[Activity]^2+7.4386{\times}[Activity]+1.8272$,[Academic achievement]=$-1.6830{\times}[Sociability]^2+11.2325{\times}[Sociability]-3.8258$. Therefore, we were able to determine the following conclusions. First, we were able to predict the degree of academic achievement by the each emotions scale. Second, when the each emotion scores of students was a moderate, the academic achievement was most excellent. So, in order for the students to become higher academic achievement, the maintenance of medium degree of the each emotions scores is required.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 2011

This study is designed to examine characteristics and types of basic landscape design established by 7 local governments in Jeollanam-do and its availability as the index of landscape administration and present a guideline with view landscape plan of local governments. The results of this study are described below. In case of view landscape, while Korean cities have not many historical assets like landmark, they have locational characteristics with mountain or coast in the center or surroundings of downtown. Therefore, since view landscape has many cases of restricting individual property rights as well as having a value as public property of city which makes recognition of sharing city, it is very sensitive problem and establishing guideline of it is needed. But, it was found that view landscape plan of local governments established location of view spot with the nature of relief viewing downtown or coast from high spot. Selection of viewing objects in view plan require deciding an object as the public property of city and big cities require selection from the zone and small cities must select 1~2 spots from the viewpoint of whole downtown. 3~4 view spots of middle and distant views which makes city community centering around the subject of view must be selected through enough discussion and in case of natural landscape, View shaft or visible rays require setting of range that 30% of viewing objects is seen. View spot or viewing objects should be selected over twice as extra spots through public hearing and civil participation as the process.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2008

The optimization of submerged culture conditions for mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production in an edible mushroom Tremella fuciformis were studied in shake flasks and bioreactors. The temperature of $28^{\circ}C$ and pH 8 in the beginning of fermentation in agitated flasks was the most efficient condition to obtain maximum mycelial biomass and EPS. The optimal medium constituents were as follows (g l-1): glucose 20, tryptone 2, $KH_2PO_4$ 0.46, $K_2HPO_4$ 1 and $MgSO_4H_2O$ 0.5. The fungus was cultivated under various agitation and aeration conditions in a 5L stirred-tank bioreactor. The maximum cell mass and EPS production were obtained at a relatively high agitation speed of 200 rpm and at an aeration rate of 2 vvm. The flow behavior of the fermentation broth was Newtonian and the maximum apparent viscosity (35 cP) was observed at a highly aerated condition (2 vvm). The EPS productivity in an airlift reactor was higher than that in the stirred-tank reactor. The EPS was protein-bound polysaccharides consisted of mainly mannose, xylose, and fructose. The molecular weights of EPS were determined to be $1.3{\sim}1.5{\times}10^6$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.599-603
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• 2011

A new geldanamycin (GDM) derivative was discovered and isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces hygroscopicus 17997. Its chemical structure was elucidated as thiazinogeldanamycin by LC-MS, sulfur analysis, and NMR. The addition of cysteine to the fermentation medium significantly stimulated the production level of thiazinogeldanamycin, suggesting cysteine as a precursor of thiazinogeldanamycin production. Although showing a decreased cytotoxicity against HepG2 cancer cells, thiazinogeldanamycin exhibited an improved water solubility and photostability. Thiazinogeldanamycin may represent the first natural GDM derivative characterized so far that uses GDM as its precursor. Its appearance also clearly indicates that an appropriate end-point of fermentation is of critical importance for the maximal production of GDM by Streptomyces hygroscopicus 17997.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.99-114
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• 2017

The uniqueness of Bali is inseparable from its culture and religion. Embedded in the cultural environment, textiles become one of the most important aspects in Balinese life as it is used as a medium in sacred ceremonies. Balinese textiles are made and used under special conditions according to Hindu teaching. This paper aims to observe the aesthetics of Balinese sacred cloths that are seen in their techniques, colors, and patterns. Quantitative research included in this study is based on 261 images taken from literature review and Museums. Field research was done in eastern part of Bali. This paper has divided the era between ancient and modern times. The ancient era before the 20th century used textiles for religious purposes. Modern era started from the colonialization period by the Dutch in Bali during 1910-1942 added economic values to the textiles. The independence of Indonesia in 1945 created Balinese textiles as a unifying value as one of the identity of Indonesia. The techniques are classified as Weft Ikat, Double Ikat, weave with Supplementary Weft, and Prada. The colors of the ancient era are 'fixed' with the restriction of the colors red, black, and white. The colors of modern era are 'festive' with combination of yellow, green, blue, and purple. The characteristics of patterns are geometric, natural, human, and animal groups. Field research in this paper observes Klungkung Village that produces Endek and Songket cloths. The aesthetics of Endek cloth is 'royal statement' and Songket cloth is a 'cultural heritage.' Nusa Penida Island produces Cepuk cloths and is a 'protective guardian.' Satria sub-district produces Prada cloths and appears to be an 'opulence charm.' Lastly, Tenganan Village produces Geringsing cloth which possesses a 'legendary legacy.' To sum up, Balinese sacred cloth essence is a balance of tradition and modern.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.6_3
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• pp.1299-1312
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• 2019

As land remote sensing applications are expanding to the extraction of quantitative information, the importance of atmospheric correction is increasing. Considering the difficulty of atmospheric correction for land images, it should be applied when it is necessary. The quantitative information extraction and time-series analysis on biophysical variables in land surfaces are two major applications that need atmospheric correction. Atmospheric aerosol content and column water vapor, which are very dynamic in spatial and temporal domain, are the most influential elements and obstacles in retrieving accurate surface reflectance. It is difficult to obtain aerosol and water vapor data that have suitable spatio-temporal scale for high- and medium-resolution multispectral imagery. Selection of atmospheric correction method should be based on the availability of appropriate aerosol and water vapor data. Most atmospheric correction of land imagery assumes the Lambertian surface, which is not the case for most natural surfaces. Further BRDF correction should be considered to remove or reduce the anisotropic effects caused by different sun and viewing angles. The atmospheric correction methods of optical imagery over land will be enhanced to meet the need of quantitative remote sensing. Further, imaging sensor system may include pertinent spectral bands that can help to extract atmospheric data simultaneously.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.167-177
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• 2015

This study was conducted to establish an inventory and propose conservation strategies for 'village wetlands' in Asan city, Korea, using GIS. As results, the village wetlands are defined as such places as 'palustrine' wetland, village embankment, agricultural reservoir or small reservoirs located in or near the village and related to everyday life or farming. Firstly 807 provisional village wetlands(draft) were identified in Asan by using Arc-GIS 10.1, then 196 wetlands(final) were defined finally as village wetlands and listed the inventory of Asan Village Wetlands after being validated through office works and field survey. The office works analyzed minimum area(greater than $625m^2$), satellite images, the Korea Land Information System, land use map and land coverage map. To evaluate the function and conservation values, the 37 wetlands were selected for detailed surveying and function assessment based on the following criteria : 1) doubled code both wetland and reservoir at digital map, 2) located less than 100m from village and 3) ecologically connected to such ecological resources as seaside mudflats, mountains and green area and ecological passages for small size wildlifes. As the result of the wetland function assessments by the RAM method, 7 wetlands were found to have 'high' wetland function (conservation) 18 wetlands were 'medium' (enhancement) and 12 wetlands were 'low' (restoration or enhancement). Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services through ecological management of wetlands in Asan and connecting with the Ecological Natural Degree were proposed.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.302-306
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• 2001

The possibility of biomaterials prepared from natural polymer as a skin substitute was evaluated by measuring biocompatibility. Biodegradable films were prepared by solution blend method in the weight ratio of chitosan for the purpose of useful biomaterials. These films were inserted in the back of rat and their biodegradability was investigated by the film weight and hematology as a function of time for the biotransformation. The result of rat test showed that medium, high viscosity chitosan induced some suspects of inbiocompatibililty in the tissue by foreign body reaction 48 and 72 hours after implantation. Also, we prepared the official burn ointment which is made by low viscosity chitosan. This burn ointment was covered on the skin wound of artificial burn and their effect of healing was investigated by the evaluation of the naked eye and hematological change as a function of time. The result of rats test showed that burn ointments made from chitosan was effective reduction of inflammation than negative group.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.530-534
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• 1990

A strain of actinomycetes, Thermoactinomyces sp. CH-53, was isolated from manure and composted livestock feces. Actinornycetes-feed additive was prepared with the solid wheat bran medium of Thermoactinomyces sp. CH-53 that grew vigorously on unsterilized poultry feces at $50^{\circ}C$. pH 6.5- 9.5 and moisture content of 55-65% and added at a rate of 1% (wtlwt) to the commercially assorted feed to be fed poultry. The excreted feces contained $10^7-10^8$. Thermoactinomyces sp. CH-53 cells per gram. Poultry feces malodour was got rid of during treatment. The effect on plant growth was evaluated on the basis of the amount of nitrogen as fertilizer under a loading of 0.2g N1600g soillpot. A11 samples were showed a promotion effect for plant growth. The treated poultry feces added from O.lg to 0.4g total nitrogen per 600g soil in a pat increased the growth of Brassica rapa var. perui-ridis.